Henry IV The English Monarchs Series

624 Pages·2016·7.1 MB·English

by  Given-Wilson

Copyright © 2016 Chris Given-Wilson
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Set in Baskerville by IDSUK (DataConnection) Ltd Printed in Great Britain by TJ International Ltd,
Padstow, Cornwall
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Given-Wilson, Chris.
Henry IV / Chris Given-Wilson.
pages cm
ISBN 978–0–300–15419–1 (cl : alk. paper) 1. Henry IV, King of England, 1367–1413. 2. Great Britain
—Kings and rulers—Biography. 3. Great Britain—History—Henry IV, 1399–1413. I. Title.
DA255.G58 2016
942.04′1092—dc23
[B]
2015023658
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
For Alice and all our family
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF PLATES
LIST OF MAPS AND TABLES
ACKNOWLEGEMENTS
ABBREVIATED REFERENCES
Introduction
Part One: The Great Duchy 1267–1399
1 The House of Lancaster and the Crown (1267–1367)
2 Father and Son I (1367–1382)
3 The Making of a Dissident (1382–1387)
4 Lords of the Field (1387–1389)
5 The Making of a Hero (1390–1393)
6 Family and Lands (1391–1394)
7 The Two Duchies and the Crown (1394–1396)
8 Richard Resurgent (1397–1398)
9 ‘A Manifest Miracle of God’ (1398–1399)
10 The Making of a King (1399)
Part Two: A King at War 1399–1405
11 ‘In This New World’ (1399–1400)
12 The Parliament of 1401
13 The Percy Ascendancy (1401–1402)
14 Piracy, Rumour and Riot (1401–1402)
15 From Humbleton Hill to Hateley Field (1403)
16 Louis of Orléans and Owain Glyn Dŵr (1403–1405)
17 An Empire in Crisis: Ireland and Guyenne (1399–1405)
18 The Death of an Archbishop (1404–1405)
Part Three: Recovery and Reform 1404–1410
19 The Search for Solvency (1404–1406)
20 Archbishop Arundel and the Council (1407–1409)
21 Between War and Peace (1405–1410)
22 Aliens, Merchants and Englishness
23 England, the Papacy and the Council of Pisa (1404–1409)
24 Heresy, Piety and Reform
Part Four: Lancastrian Kingship
25 The King and his Image
26 Council, Court and Household
27 The Royal Affinity and Parliamentary Politics
28 Nobles, Rebels and Traitors
29 War and Diplomacy
Part Five: The Pendulum Years 1409–1413
30 The Prince's Administration (1409–1411)
31 ‘The Greatest Uprisings’ (1409–1412)
32 Burgundians, Armagnacs and Guyenne (1411–1413)
33 Father and Son II (1412–1413)
Conclusion

EPILOGUE
APPENDIX: HENRY IV'S ITINERARY, 1399–1413
BIBLIOGRAPHY
INDEX
PLATES
1. Alabaster effigy of Henry IV on his tomb in Canterbury Cathedral,
commissioned by his widow, c.1425. Photo: author.
2. The ‘Coronation Portrait’ of Richard II, commissioned c.1395. Westminster
Abbey. Copyright © Dean and Chapter of Westminster Abbey.
3. Opening of Psalm 1 from the Lichtenthal Psalter, Lichtenthal Abbey,
Baden-Baden, commissioned by Joan, countess of Hereford, to celebrate
Henry IV's marriage to Mary de Bohun in February 1381. Copyright ©
Lichtenthal Abbey and Lucy Freeman Sandler.
4. The remains of the Gascoigne Tower, Pontefract Castle, West Yorkshire.
Photo: author
5. The keep of Warkworth castle, Northumberland, built by the earl of
Northumberland at the end of the fourteenth century. Photo: author.
6. Lancastrian livery collar of linked SS, silver, fifteenth century. Copyright ©
Museum of London
7. Sycharth, Powys. Photo: Alice Curteis.
8. John Bradmore's description of his cure of the prince of Wales after the
battle of Shrewsbury in July 1403. British Library Ms Sloane 2,272, fo.
137r. Copyright © The British Library Board.
9. a and b. (a) Statue of John of Gaunt, the Gatehouse, Lancaster castle,
Lancashire. Photo: author; (b) the gatehouse of Lancaster castle, the
construction of which was begun on Henry IV's orders in 1399 and
completed under Henry V. Photo: Alice Curteis.
10. ‘Saint’ Richard Scrope, archbishop of York. York Minster Library, The
Bolton Hours, Ms Add. 2, fo. 202v. Copyright © The Chapter of York.
11. King James I of Scotland (1406-37), sixteenth-century anonymous oil
painting on panel. Scottish National Portrait Gallery. Copyright © National
Galleries of Scotland.
12. Tomb effigy of Thomas, duke of Clarence (1387-–1421), second son of
Henry IV. Photo: author.
13. a and b. Second Great Seal of Henry IV (c.1406): (a) obverse; (b) reverse.
Courtesy of the Society of Antiquaries. Photos: Michael Bennett.
14. Petitions to the king: from Robert Hallum, archdeacon of Canterbury; Sir
Matthew Gournay; and Garcius Arnald of Salins in Guyenne. British
Library Add. Ms. 19,398, fo. 23. Copyright © The British Library Board.
15. The Chapel in the Crag, Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, carved by John
the Mason in thanksgiving for his young son being miraculously saved
from falling rock. Henry IV granted permission for the shrine in 1407.
Photo: author
16. Thomas Arundel, archbishop of Canterbury, Lambeth Palace. Nineteenth-
century portrait. By permission of the Archbishop of Canterbury and the
Church Commissioners.
17. a and b. (a) Battlefield Chapel, near Shrewsbury, dedicated to St Mary
Magdalene and founded by Henry IV, c.1409, on the site of the battle of
Shrewsbury; (b) statue of Henry IV on the east gable of the Chapel. Photos:
author.
18. Illustration from Thomas Hoccleve, De Regimine Principum, written in
1410–11. British Library Arundel Ms 38, fo. 37. Copyright © The British
Library Board.
19. From Henry IV's Great Bible. British Library Royal Ms 1 E IX, fo. 63v.
Copyright © The British Library Board.