Hemolytic Anemia

26 Pages·2016·0.62 MB·English

Anemia,
Classification,
Pathophysiology,
Diagnosis.
Khosrow Mahdavi MD FACP
 Decreased production of red cells
1-Stem cell failure /Aplastic anemia:
a-Idiopathic
b-Radiation
c-Viruses
d-drug induced.
e-Myelodysplasia./Myeloproliferative status
f-Myeolophethesia
g-Cytotoxic therapy

Classification.
 Erythroid progenitor cell failure
a-Pure red cell aplasia (Virus, drug,
Thymoma, Antibodies ).
b-Endocrinopathies.
c-Aquired Sidoblastic anemia
(Rx.Copper defficiency,etc).
Classification
 Failure due to neutritional factors;
a-Vit. B12 defficiency.
b-Folate defficiency
c-N2O induced,Megaloblastic anemia.
d-Rx.Pemetrexate,
Methotrexate,Phenytoin etc.

e-Iron deficiency
f- othere

Classification
 Anemia of chronic disease.
 Anemia of renal failure
 Anemia assosiated environemental factors
(Lead).
 Acquired Thallassemia
 Erythropoietin antibodies. Erythroid
progenitor cell failure

Classification
 Stemcellfailure , Pluripotential;
Fanconi’s
Shwachman syndrom
Dyskeratosis Congenita.

Classification;
Hereditary:
 Erythroid progenitor Cell Failure;

Diamond Blackfan Syndrome
Congenital dyserythropoietic
Syndromes
hereditary
 Selective Malabsorbtion of B12
 Congenital Intrinsic Factor Deficiency
 Transcobalamin II deficiency
 Impaired Cobalamin Metabolism (MMA)
 Folate Metabolism
 Purine and Pyrimidine
 Atransferrinemia
 Hereditary Sidrolastic anemia
 Thalassemias

Fuctional impairment
multiple causes
Aquired:

1-Macroangiopatic :
March hemoglobulinuria ,Artificial Valve

2-Microangiopatic :
DIC ,TTP, Vasculitis,

3-Parasites and microorganisms :
Malaria ,Babesosis, Bartonella

Increased Rate of RBC distruction
Aquired
 Antibody Mediated:

1-Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic anemia

2-Cryopathic ;

3-Transfusion Reaction :early and delied
Increased RBC distruction
Aquired