Hellenistic Pottery: Athenian and Imported Wheelmade Table Ware and Related Material. Part 1: Text

651 Pages·1997·25.506 MB·English

by  Susan I. Rotroff

HellenisticPotteryAthenian and ImportedWheelmadeTableWareandRelated
Material.Part1:Text
SusanI.Rotroff
TheAthenianAgora,Vol.29,Hellenistic PotteryAthenianandImportedWheelmadeTableWare
andRelatedMaterial.Part1:Text.(1997),pp.
iii-v+vii-ix+xi-xv+xvii-xxxviii+1+3-79+81+83-217+219+221-237+239-427+429+431-473+475+477-487+489-517+519-551+553+555-571+573-575.
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T H E ATHENIAN AGORA

RESULTS OF EXCAVATIONS

CONDUCTED BY

THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS
VOLUME XXIX
HELLENISTIC POTTERY

ATHENIAN AND IMPORTED

WHEELMADE TABLE WARE

AND RELATED MATERIAL

PART 1: TEXT
BY
SUSANI. ROTROFF
THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES AT ATHENS

PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY

1997
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationD ata
Rotroff,Susan I., 1947-
Hellenistic pottery :Athenian and imported wheelmade table ware and related
material / by Susan I. Rotroff
p. cm. -(Athenian Agora ;v. 29)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Contents: pt. 1. Text -pt. 2. Illustrations

ISBN 0-87661-229-X (alk,paper)

1. Pottery, Hellenistic-Expertising-Greece-Athens. 2. Pottery, Hellenistic-
Catalogs. 3. Agora (Athens, Greece) I. Title. 11. Series.
NK3840.R68 1997 96-47458
738'.0938-dc2 1 CIP
@ American School of Classical Studies at Athens 1997
TYPOGRAPHY BY THE AMERICAN SCHOOL OF CLASSICAL STUDIES PUBLICATIONS OFFICE

6-8 CHARLTON STREET, PRINCETON, NEW JERSEY

PLATES BY HULL PRINTING, MERIDEN, CONNECTICUT

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

BY PRINCETON ACADEMIC PRESS, LAWRENCEVILLE, NEW JERSEY
FOR BOB
PREFACE

T
HE HELLENISTIC POTTERY of the Agora has been the organizing principle of my life for
the past twenty years, and its study has been an education for me. I would like to thank
Homer A. Thompson and T Leslie Shear Jr. for entrusting such important material to me for
publication; they did this when I was at a very early stage in my career, and it was an act of
faith and a vote of confidence for which I am very grateful. I owe thanks as well to the many
Greek colleagues in the Archaeological Service who have supported my work and particularly to
Maro Tsoni-Kyrkou, who held direct responsibility for the Agora during many of the years when
this work was in progress. Successive secretaries of the Agora Excavations, Lucy Krystallis, Helen
Townsend, Margot Camp, and Jan Jordan, arranged for access to the pottery, fielded requests
for photography, and provided good conversation at the quiet teas of mid-winter. Steven Koob,
Alice Paterakis, and Olympia Theophanopoulou of the conservation staff cleaned, repaired,
and reconstructed many of the pots. The guards of the excavation helped willingly with the
time-consuming process of retrieval and storage.
The illustrations of an archaeological publication are as important as the text, and I have
had an army of helpers in the preparation of the photographs and drawings published in this
volume. Many of the photographs come from the Agora archive: the photographers known
to me are Alison Frantz, Eugene Vanderpool Jr., Robert K. Vincent Jr., and Craig and Marie
Mauzy; the printing is the work of Kyriaki Moustaki. I am particularly indebted to Craig for
rephotographing hundreds of pieces with remarkably good cheer and for always managing to
produce the crucial photograph in the nick of time (as well as for fixing the bathroom, rewiring
broken lamps, repairing my water heater, and doing any number of mundane tasks that made
my work infinitely easier). The plan of the Agora was drawn by Richard Anderson, who has
a remarkable tolerance for research into the excavation trivia of yesteryear. The rest of the
drawings were made by a variety of artists and draftspeople who have worked at the Agora during
the last sixty years. Many of them I have never met, but I owe thanks to them all. Some are
identified only by initials in the Agora records, and tracking down their identities has constituted
a small research project in itself. The first, and master of them all, was Piet de Jong, who in
1932 or 1933 did drawings of several Hellenistic pots for Homer Thompson's 1934 article, as
well as several fine watercolors. Other artists include Rhoda Herz (1952), Marian Welker (1948,
1955 or 1956), M. R.Jones (19 58), Iro Athanassiadou (1959, 1963), Nina Travlou (1960- 1962),
Aliki Halepa Bikaki (196 l), C. Polycarpou (1962), Helen Besi (1972-1 973), Chris Pfaff (1979),
Helen Townsend (1980), Elizabeth Safran (1983), Lynn A. Grant (1980-1 982), Tina Najbjerg
(1989-1 99 l), Elizabeth Langridge (1990-1 99 l), and Sylvie Dumont (1992). Much of the inking
and some of the drawing is the work of the author.
Because the illustrations were drawn by many hands over many years, they are not uniform in
style or conventions. Although the majority were drawn with the cross section on the right, whole
series of illustrations were done in reverse, with the cross section on the left. Often these have
been reinked or mechanically reversed, but when such a drawing includes surface decoration I
viii PREFACE
have had to settle for the reversed profle. There have also been instances where the original
inking was so superior that it seemed a shame to suppress it in favor of uniformity.
Many colleagues provided insights and information that helped me with the work. At the
head of the list is Virginia Grace, the source of most of my information on transport amphoras
and their stamps. She was always extraordinarily generous with her time, expertise, and advice,
not to mention her hospitality. I learned much from her at the Agora, and her famous Sunday
lunches provided many opportunities for more general discussion (the idea of Appendix I11
originated at one of those lunches). Also of crucial importance is the contribution of John
Kroll, who identified the coins and provided dates well in advance of the publication of his
Agora volume. Fred Kleiner and Alan Walker, during their time as Agora numismatists, also
assisted me with numismatic matters. Others who have lent their help, knowledge, and support
are Virginia Anderson-StojanoviC, Michel Bats, Judith Binder, Nicholas Cahill, John Camp,
Stella Drougou, Charles Edwards, Richard Green, John Hayes, Caroline Houser, David Jordan,
Carolyn Koehler, Kathleen Slane, Rhys Townsend, Malcolm Wallace, and Frederick Winter.
Access to pottery from other collections has been facilitated by Crawford Greenewalt Jr. (Sardis),
James McCredie (Samothrace), Klaus Nohlen (Pergamon), Wolf Rudolph (Halies), Klaus Tuchelt
and Ulrike Wintermeyer (Didyma), Hermann Vetters (Ephesos), Charles K. Williams I1 (Corinth),
and Hector Williams (Mytilene). I would like in particular to thank Ursula Knigge, Director of
the Kerameikos Excavations, for the opportunity to examine the unpublished material from
Building Z and to refer to that material in this publication. And very special gratitude is reserved
for Roger Edwards, who read the manuscript with exceptional care and offered corrections,
additions, and suggestions that have very much improved the finished product; may every writer
and scholar have as honest, wise, and generous a counselor.
The logistics of publishing a book of this size and complexity are daunting, and those who
struggled with them deserve a hearty vote of thanks. I am grateful to members of the publication
staff of the American School, past and present, who have contributed their knowledge and talents
to the project: Kerri Cox, Sarah George Figueira, Carol Ford, Marian McAllister, Nancy Moore,
Susan Potavin, and especially my editor, Kathleen Krattenmaker, with whom I enjoyed playing
e-mail ping-pong as we raced to meet deadlines.
Financial support for my research has come from many sources. A major grant from the
Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada funded several summers of work
in Athens and provided the luxury of a research assistant. Awards from the City University
of New York also supported summer research, and grants from the Archaeological Institute of
America and the American Council of Learned Societies funded a year of work in Athens. A
fellowship from the Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung gave me a year in Germany, with access
to excellent library facilities; I am particularly grateful to my sponsor, Ulrich Hausmann, and
to Bettina von Freytag-Loringhoff, who, as advisers, colleagues, and friends, made that year a
remarkably pleasant and productive one. The support that has made the most difference, though,
and has allowed me to finish this book much more quickly than I had hoped, is that of the John D.
and Catherine T MacArthur Foundation. I cannot imagine why Ken Hope and his colleagues
did such a strange and wonderful thing as to award me a MacArthur Prize; it is a miracle for
which I can never express my thanks adequately.
Certain people deserve special mention for having provided companionship and support that
go beyond casual friendship. I thank Lynn Grant for always seeing the funny side of Hellenistic
pots; Jan and David Jordan for travel adventures and long evenings of wine and conversation;
PREFACE ix
Evelyn Smithson, whom I miss very much, for her unique view of the world and the Agora;
Maggie Rothman for (among other things) our ladies' lunches; and Nancy Moore for listening,
over and over again, to my compulsive worries about almost every aspect of the project. The
prize for patience, however, goes to my husband, Bob Lamberton. He has been willing to fall in
with my travel plans, spending much more time than was agreeable to him, or advisable, with
me in Greece, I fear to the detriment of his own career. The dedication of this volume to him
is inadequate thanks for the gift of his presence in my life.
St. Louis, Missouri
December 1996
CONTENTS

.............................................................................
PREFACE Vii
xii TABLEOF CONTENTS
...
TABLE OF CONTENTS xlu
. ............................................................
8 VESSELFSO R OIL 169

............................................................
LEKYTHOS 169

..........................................................
DUCKAs~os 171

...........................................................
ARV~ALLOS 171

..............................................................
G m s 172

.......................................................
LIDDEDGums 174

........................................................
PLASTICAs~os 175

.......................................................

UNGUENTARIUM 175
. ................................................

11 VESSELFSOR OTHERP URPOSES 198

........................................................
MEDICINBEOTTLE 198

.................................................................
INKWELL 199

............................................................
ECHINUS 199

..............................
ANGULAR 199

............................a

..........................................

CONCAVwEr m CONCAVTEO P 200

...........................................

CONCAVE CONVETXO P 200

WITH
...............................................................
DOMED 200

............................................................
SPHERICAL
200

.....................................................................
LID 200

.....................................
UNIDENTIFIEVDE SSELS FRAGMENTS
201

AND
..............................................................
MINIATURES 203

. ..............................
12 VOTIVEASN D OTHERV ESSELFSO R RELIGIOUUSSE 204

....................................................
LARGREI TUALV ESSELS 204

LOUTROPHOR.O..S. .
.................................................. 204

..............................................................
204

&ON
...............................................................
PHIALE 206

..................................................
SMALRLITUALVESSELS 206

........................................
BLACK-GLAZVEODTIVESKYPHOS 207

...................................................
MINIATURVEO TIVES
208

................................ .
.........................
THYMIATERION 210

VESSELS RITUALP YRES ............................................... 2
12

FROM
PYRE LEKANI.S........................................................214

RIBBON-HANDPLLEADT
E............................................... 214