Table Of Content

I 24.27: 98/14 Held in Trust: Preserving Americas Lstoric Places * an nel 14-5 Many Attveric ate aswniate the National The partnership has preserved thousands Park Service with great natural parke like of cultural resources, enhanced the quality Yosemite and the Grand Canyon as well as of life in ComMunitic: throughout the peetloes hietorik sites, such as Indepen hation, revitalized countless historic dis deme Hall and the homes of Presidents tricts, contributed educational and Huwever, the National Park Service alow tour opportunities, and through the catties forth the nations conservation and preservation tas incentives, provided sus preservation work under ine National lainable housing in humane environments Histor Preservation Act af 1966 Parthipating in the partnership firet as Mate Historie Preservation Officer for Foreword Ac the Natvonal Park Service celebrates ite Indiana and now as Director of the wh anniversary in 1991, we join Ameri National Park Service, | have observed cane everywhere in cclebrating the 254th firsthand ite ability to enlist the energy of anniverea: of thie Act Under ite authority, the private sector and the democracy of we guide and encourage historn preserva local government in pursuit of Mate and tion in close partnership with Mate histori national goals preservation offices, the Advisory Council on Histor Preservation, other Pederal In this anniversary, there is room for pride ageti ies, local governments. and American and there is room for improvement As we Indian tribes The national histori preset celebrate, let us recognize our achieve vation partnership alec embraces the ments and dedicate ourselves to tasks private sector, including non profit and ahead | have heard it said that our nation’s profit. making organizations and citizens natural and cultural resources are both dedicated to preserving the nation’s inherited from our ancestors and heritage —all represented by the National borrowed from our children. If we are to Trust for Historic Preservation live up to the obligations implicit in that observation, we must make even more remarkable achievements in the next quarter century James M Ridenour Director National Park Service © Innovaotf tiheo 1n966sAc t 2 Held in Trust: Preserving @ PreseProgrramv Hiaghltightis, o196n6-1 991 5 Americas Historic Places Fostering Heritage Preservation Improving the Quality of Life Providing Sustainable Housing Promoting Community Revitali- ition Preserving Rural Arcas Creating Job Opportunities Educating Americans Encouraging Heritage Tourism THE NATIONAL HISTORK( PRESERVATION ACT OF 1966 Recognizing Cultural Diversity 2STH ANNIVERSARY REPORT ® Future Needs 22 @ SeleStcatte Perojdec ts 25 National Register of Historic Places Interagency Resources Division ® National Park Service Cultural Programs 42 National Park Service LS. Department of the Interior ® Common Terms 48 We ate pleased to present thie review of the prograie of Sate and local governnents, Histor Preservation partnership since such ae Sate and local preservation tas passage of the National Histor Preserva incentives programe, charitable and fac ack tion Act of 1966. The projects featured in easement prograiis, as well as programms of this report represent the creative use of a the private sector, Heyond the scope of this variety of Federal, Tribal, Mate, local, and report are tens of thousands of success private-sector programs. A rich portrait of stories that could be told about the work the nations heritage emerges——one that of these partners strictly within their own reflects the preservation and adaptation of independent prograrns historic buildings and places for a variety Introduction of social needs, including housing, educa State historic preservation offices tion, jobs, and community development identified the projects for this report, We The projects have been selected to reflect anticipate that you will recognize many of the basic tenets of the Act: the historic and the projects in your home Sate and else cultural foundations of the nation are pre where. Perhaps memories will be stirred of served as a living part of our community imminent demolitions, claime that some lite and development, they give a sense of old buildings were useless and beyond orrentation to the American people, and preservation, allegations that archeological their preservation is a vital legacy of sites were imaginary, and accusations that cultural, educational, aesthetic, inspira progress was being obstructed. Today, we tional, economic. and energy benefits that have moved beyond routine confrontation should be maintained and enriched for These places are the pride of their local future generations Few government communities, and the people who helped programs have served as such an effective preserve them are heroes. Reflecting on the catalyst for community improvement and first quarter century, we can conclude that revitalization even the most difficult struggles were worth the effort, and we can inspire our The report focuses on National Park selves to do what remains undone Service programs authorized by the Act that are carried out in a national partner Jerry L. Rogers ship with other Federal agencies; Tribal, Associate Director for Cultural Resources State, and local governments, and the National Park Service private sector. These programs are part of the larger national historic preservation movement. Included in the movement are E ThA 7 wy TWh wmnmiy a fistiats woth As Americans our heritage & a uniam r mcning, av mnie CONCTTN OUTTA irevaisut it decent really belong to u “4 " haghilieht hut we merely hold iin trust—then pass ut along to poncerned with the total heritage of fhe next ecncration, Over the voars we add ti he nation and all that is worth Preserving this hustory, but then ut belongs to the tut ving peri LL tho preacni National Hist Preservation Week With Heritage So Rich Vl ' au Vanuel Lusan, j Na bork Raimdow How ; | Vat wirrlat i the Inte When Americans concerned about loss of @ lstablished the National Register of heritage secured passage of the National Historic Places as we know it today, Historic Preservation Act in 1966, few The National Register identifies the envisioned the profound impact it would significant national patrimony and have on public policy and citizen attitudes provides Federal recognition to proper toward the value of preserving histori ties Of Mate and local, as well as places as an integral part of community National, significance Innovations development. At that time treasured historic buildings were routinely bulldoved @ Created the Advisory Council on to make way for rebuilding, today irre Historic Preservation charged with of the placeable places are widely appreciated and advising the President and the Congress given positive consideration in develop on historic preservation matters and ment efforts. In 1966, historic house working with Federal agencies to 1966 Act museums dominated much of the histori address historic resources in the preservation field. Today, the field encom fulfillment of their missions passes prehistoric sites, historic districts, cultural landscapes, reminders of various ®@ Authorized matching grants, 1.0 ethnic groups that settled America, and called Historic Preservation Fund significant historic buildings and places of grants, to States, Certified Local Gov the Depression era and World War Ii ernments, and American Indian tribes for historic preservation surveys, plans, The National Historic Preservation Act of and projects. Grants also support the 1966 was part of a cluster of conservation National Trust for Historic Preserva oriented legislation that sought to redress tion's efforts in the private sector the effects of environmental degradation, pollution, and the phenomenon of “future The historic preservation movement has shock.” The destructive impact of Feder transformed itself incrementally in ally sponsored redevelopment projects response to Executive Order 11593 of 1971 across the nation led the National Trust for and the 1976 and 1980 amendments to the Historic Preservation in 1963 to convene a Act. After 1976, Federal preservation tax conference in Williamsburg, Virginia, to incentives and increasing awareness of the plan a more effective organization of the need to preserve the character, identity, preservation movement. Three years later. and heritage of communities also helped the Special Committee on Historic Preset advance the movement. New Federal legis vation of the U.S. Conference of Mayors lation directed Federal agencies to assume (headed by the late Congressman Albert greater historic preservation responsibil: Rains and including Mrs. Lyndon B ties, strengthened the role of States and lohnson) produced the study, With localities, and gave special incentives to the Heritage So Rich. The study became the private sector. A series of new laws foundation of the 1966 Act reflected a popular concern for archeology, by which our young nation can extend its The National Historic Preservation Act of heritage back to a full 10 millenniums 1966 ® Conceived the national historic partnership involving Federal, Tribal, State, and local govern ments and the private sector @ Fostered the system by which Federal agencies survey and identify districts. sites, buildings, structures, and objects significant in American history, archi tecture, archeology, engineering, and culture, and use this information to The 1928 Fox Building and Theater im plan projects so that, where possible, Detrou, Michigan, stood vacant and was historic places are preserved neglected for many years, Using the preset vation tax incentives, the owners rohatili tated the property and transformed it into the world headquarters of Little Caesars Pizoa, lin and an active theater Ralthacar horah arg ogee Es >>>>>> >>>>> wricomre 70 DETROITS FOX THEATRE Creation of the National Historic ® Historic American Buildings Preservation Partnership Survey/Historic American Engineer. ing Record (HABS/HAER) coordina The National Historic Preservation tion with State historic preservation Program has created strong and eflective offices and Federal agencies, More than Preservation partnerships that join Federal, Tribal, State, 25,000 historic buildings and structures and local governments, and private citizens have been documented in preserving our shared heritage as Ameri Program cane The partnership incorporates & Numerous surveys to identify histori places by Federal agencies, Tribal gov @ The Advisory Council on Historic ernments, State historic preservation Preservation to advise the Congress offices, local governments, and private Highlights, and President on historic preservation organizations matters and assist Federal agencies in project planning ®@ Historic preservation concerns inte- 1966-1991 grated into gove iment planning ® Historic preservation offices in all processes at all levels. States and Territories of the United States, s Computerized database 0! Nationa! Register properties: the National ® Almost 700 local governments with Register Information System. Encour certified preservation programs, agement of automated systems for hundreds more with landmark and managing survey data, historic preservation commissions, and countless others actively working to ® Technical assistance, publications, preserve the unique historic places in training, and other educational their communities programs. ® Federal agency ‘istoric preservation programs. Financial Assistance and Incentives & The NatiTruost nfora Hilstor ic The National Historic Preservation Pro- Preserwitvh aa mtembieroshinp of gram has provided essential financial assistance and incentives without which many historic places could not be preserved. Leveraging significant private sector investment, the assistance and incentives include: ® Matcgrhantis tno Sgtat es in the Historic preservation is an amount of nearly $600 million from the citizens that participate in historic Historic Preservation Fund. These investment in the nation’s preservation activities, grants have leveraged a total of at least $1.2 billion in investment in historic future. The preservation ® American Indian Tribes and Alaska preservation projects. Special Historic Native groups with their own cultural Preservation Fund emphases at various projects pictured on the fol- heritage programs. times have included maritime, energy conservation, and jobs creation. lowing pages illustrate the Identification, Management, and ® Direct grants to American Indian contributions of the National Preservation of Our National Heritage tribes and Alaska Natives totaling $1,250,000 to protect historic properties Historic Preservation The National Historic Preservation and cultural traditions on Indian lands. Program has given us the tools to identify, Program to preserving our manage, and protect heritage resources. ® Grants to the newly formed Freely These tools include: AssoSctaties aoft Miecrodnes ia heritage and to making our totaling nearly $1.3 million. @ The National Register of Historic country a better place in Places, with 58,000 listings incorpo @ Preservation tax incentives that rating more than 800,000 significant spurred private investment of $15 which to live, for ourselves resources. billion in the rehabilitation of 22,000 historic buildings, 85 to 90 percent of and future generations. @ Enhanced protection for nearly 2,000 which would not have been rehabili National Historic Landmarks tated without the tax incentives. rat ‘ » y FOSTERING HERITAGE PRESERVATION Since passage of the National Historic Preserva- tion Act in 1966, an impres- sive range of programs, grants, and incentives has led to the preservation of a remarkable variety of historic and archeological resources, yy it hoy hy ii Pow a i alti ii a ~ ~ ~~ ~ nomimated by the Marvland Historica rust and listed in thy National Kewist Histornw Plac lhroweh Advisory Coun on Historie Preservation review, a threates ihiv highways project wa lopped Lay stabrse quent decades, private rehabilitation and restoration revived the histori distri j Browell “i hamp Opposite, bottom: Virginias Waterford Historic District contain properties pro tected through a perpetual historic preset vation casement, a program of the Virginia Department of Historic Resources. To dat more than 150 privately ow ned prope ri in the State are permanently protected including Berkeley, Sabine Hall, the Thun derbird Archeological Site, Westover, and several properties in the Alexandria Histori District, (National Park Servic lop: Dating from 300 B.C. to A.D. 500, the Hopewell Mound Group near Chillicothe considered to be one of Oliio’s most rnpor fant prehistoric sites. When encroaching develop nif threat ned if a Historn Preservation Fund erant allowed the Arche ological Conservancy to acquire part of thn property. This grave pot with a bird motif was foun fii’ YAU purchase, the conservancy has obtained cieht other archeological sites in the Stat The Archeological Conservan *eaeeenm seomeee ce tee BoFitllti on le1u“r : ‘ rv ul fics and | wry Pyiait,ij series p: rogran \ yori ( aroina i { lic ia ywaaricr ceontiue Covered &2 count ana Sponsored by the North Carolina Depart ment ocuitura Ry Utise rite wricy aria publicaty i fimiiated ioca nierest it hist; ori; [ , { ervatiee on " and" sTricd ; a acatal mn creating local @overnment preservatior IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE Historic preservation activities frequently convert derelict buildings, or areas that project a negative community image, into community assets. Listing in the National Register of Historic Places estab- lishes the significance of a property or a whole district. Subsequently, properties often are rehabilitated for retail purposes, housing, and needed community services, such as concert halls, community meeting rooms, and cultural facilities.