Heidegger and cognitive science

379 Pages·2012·3.157 MB·English

by  Heidegger, Martin, Kiverstein, Julian, Heidegger, Martin, Wheeler, Michael

New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science
Series Editors: John Protevi, Louisiana State University and Michael Wheeler,
University of Stirling
This series brings together work that takes cognitive science in new directions.
Hitherto, philosophical reflection on cognitive science – or perhaps better, philo-
sophical contribution to the interdisciplinary field that is cognitive science – has
for the most part come from philosophers with a commitment to a representa-
tionalist model of the mind.
However, as cognitive science continues to make advances, especially in
its neuroscience and robotics aspects, there is growing discontent with the
representationalism of traditional philosophical interpretations of cognition.
Cognitive scientists and philosophers have turned to a variety of sources –
phenomenology and dynamic systems theory foremost among them to date – to
rethink cognition as the direction of the action of an embodied and affectively
attuned organism embedded in its social world, a stance that sees representation
as only one tool of cognition, and a derived one at that.
To foster this growing interest in rethinking traditional philosophical notions
of cognition – using phenomenology, dynamic systems theory, and perhaps
other approaches yet to be identified – we dedicate this series to “New Directions
in Philosophy and Cognitive Science.”
Titles include
Robyn Bluhm, Anne Jaap Jacobson and Heidi Maibom (editors)
NEUROFEMINISM
Issues at the Intersection of Feminist Theory and Cognitive
Julian Kiverstein and Michael Wheeler (editors)
HEIDEGGER AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE
Michelle Maiese
EMBODIMENT, EMOTION, AND COGNITION
Richard Menary
COGNITIVE INTEGRATION
Mind and Cognition Unbounded
Zdravko Radman (editor)
KNOWING WITHOUT THINKING
Mind, Action, Cognition and the Phenomenon of the Background
Matthew Ratcliffe
RETHINKING COMMONSENSE PSYCHOLOGY
A Critique of Folk Psychology, Theory of Mind and Stimulation
Jay Schulkin (editor)
ACTION, PERCEPTION AND THE BRAIN
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd ii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3355 AAMM
Forthcoming titles
Anne Jaap Jacobson
KEEPING THE WORLD IN MIND
Biologically Embodied Representations and the New Sciences of the Mind
Hanne De Jaegher
PARTICIPATORY SENSE-MAKING
An Enactive Approach to Intersubjectivity
Robert Welshon
NIETZSCHE, PSYCHOLOGY, AND COGNITIVE SCIENCE
New Directions in Philosophy and Cognitive Science
Series Standing Order ISBN 978–0–230–54935–7 Hardback
978–0–230–54936–4 Paperback
(outside North America only)
You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order.
Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with
your name and address, the title of the series and one of the ISBNs quoted above.
Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke,
Hampshire RG21 6XS, England
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd iiii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Heidegger and Cognitive
Science
Edited by
Julian Kiverstein
Universiteit van Amsterdam, The Netherlands
and
Michael Wheeler
University of Stirling
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd iiiiii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Selection and editorial matter © Julian Kiverstein and Michael Wheeler 2012
Chapters © their individual authors 2012
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this
publication may be made without written permission.
No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted
save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence
permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,
Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS.
Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication
may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work
in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2012 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke,
Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN: 978–0–230–21655–6
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully
managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing
processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the
country of origin.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12
Printed and bound in Great Britain by
CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham and Eastbourne
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd iivv 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Contents
Acknowledgements vi
Notes on Contributors vii
1 What Is Heideggerian Cognitive Science? 1
Julian Kiverstein
2 Why Heideggerian AI Failed and How Fixing It
Would Require Making It More Heideggerian 62
Hubert L. Dreyfus
3 Context-Switching and Responsiveness to Real Relevance 105
Erik Rietveld
4 There Can Be No Cognitive Science of Dasein 135
Matthew Ratcliffe
5 Heidegger and Cognitive Science – Aporetic Reflections 157
Andrea Rehberg
6 Naturalizing Dasein and Other (Alleged) Heresies 176
Michael Wheeler
7 Heidegger and Social Cognition 213
Shaun Gallagher and Rebecca Seté Jacobson
8 Joint Attention and Expressivity: A Heideggerian Guide
to the Limits of Empirical Investigation 246
Maria L. Talero
9 Equipment and Existential Spatiality: Heidegger,
Cognitive Science and the Prosthetic Subject 276
Helena De Preester
10 Heidegger, Space, and World 309
Jeff Malpas
11 T emporality and the Causal Approach to Human Activity 343
Theodore Schatzki
Index 365
v
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd vv 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Acknowledgements
Many thanks to Priyanka Gibbons, Melanie Blair, John Protevi and the
production team at Palgrave Macmillan whose patience was well and
truly tested in the long process of bringing this project to completion.
We also wish to thank Hubert Dreyfus (and MIT Press) for agreeing to
us republishing his contribution to this volume and Chicago University
Press for granting us permission to use an image from David McNeill’s
book Gesture and Thought.
vi
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd vvii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Contributors
Helena De Preester is Post-doctoral Researcher at the School of
Arts, University College Ghent, and Visiting Research Professor in
the Department of Philosophy and Moral Science, Ghent University.
Embodiment is a central topic in her work, which combines phenom-
enology and cognitive science. Her research focuses on the intersec-
tions of imagination, embodiment and technology. More information
on www.helenadepreester.wordpress.com.
Hubert L. Dreyfus is Professor of Philosophy in the Graduate School at
the University of California, Berkeley. His research interests bridge the
analytic and Continental traditions in twentieth-century philosophy,
with a particular focus on phenomenology, existentialism, philosophy
of psychology, philosophy of literature, and the philosophical implica-
tions of artificial intelligence. He is the author of a number of books,
including What Computers Can’t Do, Mind over Machine: The Power of
Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer (with Stuart
Dreyfus), Being-in-the-World: A Commentary on Heidegger’s Being and Time,
Division I, What Computers Still Can’t Do: A Critique of Artificial Reason,
On the Internet and All Things Shining: Reading the Western Classics to Find
Meaning in a Secular Age (with Sean Dorrance Kelly).
Shaun Gallagher is the Lillian and Morrie Moss Professor of Excellence
in Philosophy at the University of Memphis. He has a secondary appoint-
ment at the University of Hertfordshire and is Honorary Professor of
Philosophy at the University of Copenhagen. He has held visiting posi-
tions at the Cognition and Brain Science MRC Unit at the University of
Cambridge, the Ecole Normale Supérieure in Lyon, and the Centre de
Recherche en Epistémologie Appliquée (CREA), Paris. His publications
include How the Body Shapes the Mind (2005),The Phenomenological Mind
(with Dan Zahavi, 2008) and as editor, the Oxford Handbook of the Self
(2011).
Julian Kiverstein is Assistant Professor in Neurophilosophy at the
University of Amsterdam. He was formerly a teaching fellow at the
University of Edinburgh teaching in the Master’s Programme in Mind,
Language and Embodied Cognition. He has published in a wide range
of areas of research at the intersection of phenomenological philosophy
vii
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd vviiii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
viii Notes on Contributors
of mind and cognitive science. He is co-editor of Decomposing the Will
(with Till Vierkant and Andy Clark; forthcoming). He is currently writ-
ing a short monograph on embodied cognitive science and phenom-
enology for the Palgrave Innovations in Philosophy series.
Jeff Malpas is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Tasmania,
Hobart, and Distinguished Visiting Professor at LaTrobe University,
Melbourne. Much of his work centres on the idea of philosophi-
cal topography, encompassing notions of the transcendental and the
hermeneutical, and ranging from Heidegger to Davidson. He also writes
on topics in contemporary ethics and politics, and engages with issues
across a range of fields from art to medicine and geography to architec-
ture. He is the author of Heidegger’s Topology (2006) and the editor of
Dialogues with Davidson (2011) and The Place of Landscape (2011).
Matthew Ratcliffe is Professor of Philosophy at Durham University,
UK. Most of his recent work addresses issues in phenomenology, phi-
losophy of psychology and philosophy of psychiatry. He is the author of
Rethinking Commonsense Psychology: A Critique of FolkPsychology, Theory
of Mind and Simulation (2007) and Feelings of Being: Phenomenology,
Psychiatry and the Sense of Reality (2008).
Andrea Rehberg is Assistant Professor in the Philosophy Department
at Middle East Technical University, Ankara. She works in the area of
post-Kantian Continental philosophy and has written and published
articles and book chapters on Kant, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Merleau-
Ponty, and Nancy. She edited, wrote the Introduction to, and has an
essay on Nietzsche and Merleau-Ponty in Nietzsche and Phenomenology
(2011), and she co-edited (with Rachel Jones) and contributed a paper to
The Matter of Critique: Readings in Kant’s Philosophy (2000). She received
her PhD from the University of Warwick and has held teaching and
research posts at the Universities of Greenwich and North London, at
the Open University and at Manchester Metropolitan University, at the
University of Dundee, at DePaul University (Chicago) and at Bilkent
University (Ankara, Turkey).
Erik Rietveld is Senior Researcher at the University of Amsterdam
(AMC/Department of Philosophy) and a Partner at Rietveld Landscape.
He was a Fellow in Philosophy at Harvard University and a visit-
ing scholar at UC Berkeley’s Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute. His
research on ‘Unreflective Action’ was awarded by the European Science
Foundation (2009), the University of Amsterdam (2009), Amsterdam
Medical Center (2011), and twice by NWO, Netherlands Organisation
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd vviiiiii 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM
Notes on Contributors ix
for Scientific Research (Rubicon 2008, VENI 2009). Together with his
brother Ronald Rietveld he was curator of the Dutch contribution to the
Venice Architecture Biennale 2010. He publishes regularly in interna-
tional journals such as Mind, Inquiry, and Phenomenology & The Cognitive
Sciences.
Theodore Schatzki is Senior Associate Dean and Professor of Philosophy
in the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Kentucky. His
primary research interests are in the philosophy of society, including
social ontology, action theory, and the philosophy of social science.
Schatzki is the author of Social Practices: A Wittgensteinian Approach to
Human Activity and the Social (1996), The Site of the Social: A Philosophical
Account of the Constitution of Social Life and Change (2002), Martin
Heidegger: Theorist of Space (2007), and The Timespace of Human Activity:
On Performance, Society, and History as Indeterminate Teleological Events
(2010).
Rebecca Seté Jacobson is pursuing a doctorate in Philosophy at the
University of Hertfordshire on the topic of Hannah Arendt and Social
Cognition.
Maria L. Talero is Adjunct Assistant Professor at the University of
Colorado, Denver. She is especially interested in bringing phenomenol-
ogy and Continental philosophy to bear on research in embodied cog-
nition. Two companion articles form the background to her essay in this
volume: Talero, M. (2008) ‘The Experiential Workspace and the Limits
of Experimental Investigation’, International Journal of Philosophical
Studies; and Talero, M. (2005) ‘Perception, Normativity and Selfhood
in Merleau-Ponty: The Spatial “Level” and Existential Space’, Southern
Journal of Philosophy.
Michael Wheeler is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Stirling.
Prior to joining Stirling in 2004, he held teaching and research posts at
the Universities of Dundee, Oxford, and Stirling (a previous appoint-
ment). His doctoral work was carried out at the University of Sussex. His
primary research interests are in philosophy of science (especially cogni-
tive science, psychology, biology, artificial intelligence and artificial life)
and philosophy of mind. He also works on Heidegger and is particularly
interested in developing philosophical ideas at the interface between
the analytic and the Continental traditions. His book, Reconstructing the
Cognitive World: The Next Step, was published in 2005.
99778800223300__221166555566__0011__pprreexx..iinndddd iixx 55//44//22001122 1100::1100::3366 AAMM