Heat Transfer Coefficients for Liquid Mercury and Dilute Solutions of Sodium in Mercury

94 Pages·3.203 MB·English

by  Younger, Andrew Hunter

PURDUE UNIVERSITY
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION
BY Andrew Hunter Vrm-nger
enTIT-LED Heat Transfer Coefficients for Liquid Mercury______
__________ and Dilute Solutions of Sodium in Mercury________
COMPLIES WITH THE UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS ON GRADUATION THESES
AND IS APPROVED BY ME AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
Doctor of Philosophy
Professor in Charge of Thesis
Head of School, or Department
<r/
19
TO THE LIBRARIAN:-----
-W
THIS THESIS $S NOT TO BE REGARDED AS CONFIDENTIAL.
C.Ai
PROFESSOR IX C
REGISTRAR FORM 10—7-47—1M

HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS FOR LIQUID MERCURY
AND DILUTE SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM IN MERCURY
A Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty
of
Purdue University
by
Andrew Hunter Younger
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
of
Doctor of Philosophy
January, 1951
ProQuest Number: 27714260
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT....................................................... 1
INTRODUCTION...................................................X
PREVIOUS WORK..................................................1
METHOD......................................................... 6
Approach*........................................... *•••6
Apparatus................................................ 7
Procedure............................................... 2X
DATA AND RESULTS............................................. 24
Materials.......................................... ....*24
Calculation of the Heat Transfer Coefficient..... 25
Calibration Data........................................ 30
Mercury Data................ 32
Mercury Data Correlation. ...... •••36
Mercury Sodium Data.. ................................*41
Mercury Sodium Data Correlation....................... .44
Discussion of Data.............. 49
RECOMMENDATIONS...............................................
Improvement in the Apparatus........... *55
Further Work............ ............ .......... ....**56
CONCLUSIONS. ...............................................
APPENDIX A....................................................59
Physical Properties of the Materials .............••••59
APPENDIX ........................................ 60
Orifice Calibration. * .................. GO
APPENDIX C....................................................69
Sodium Analysis........................... 69
APPENDIX D....................................................74
Statistical Methods.....................................74
NOMENCLATURE..................................................78
LITERATURE CITED............................................. 80
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The author wishes to acknowledge
the helpful assistance and guidance
of Dr. T. C. Doody under whose direc­
tion this work was carried out.
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
1. Mercury Heat Transfer Data and Suggested Equations 4
2. Diagram of Apparatus............................... 8
3. Heat Exchanger Detail............. 9
4. End Piece Detail.............. 11
5. Fluid Circulating System..................... . 12
6. Heating and Cooling Systems........................ 15
7. Thermocouple Positions........................... 17
8. Thermocouple Grooves in Pipe Wall................ 19
9. Thermocouple Entrances in H. E. Wall...... * 20
10. Hot Water Thermocouple Installation. ......... 22
11. Fluid Thermocouple Installation.............. 22
12. Electrical Circuit. .................... 23
13. Temperature Distribution Along Test Section........ 28
14. Butanol Heat Transfer Coefficient................ 31
15. Mercury Data Correlation. ...................... 41
15A. Comparison of Equation for Different ^ of Sodium.. 45
16. Mercury Sodium Data Correlation.................... 47
17. Comparison of Author* s Equations with Previously
Suggested Correlations......................... 50
18. Orifice Calibration Curve for Butanol; Orifice
Diameter = 1/8 inch. 61
19. Orifice Calibration for Butanol; Orifice Diameter
= 3/l6 inch. 62
20. Orifice Calibration for Mercury; Orifice Diameter
= l/s inch. 64
21. Orifice Calibration for Mercury; Orifice Diameter
= 3/16 inch. 65
Figure Page
22. Sodium Analysis. ........................... 70
23. Deviation of Mercury Data........................... 76
24. Deviation of Mercury Sodium Data.................. 77
LIST OF TABLES
Table Page
1. Surface Tension of Sodium in Mercury Solution..... 5
2. Butanol Heat Transfer Coefficients.................. 32
3. Mercury Experimental Data........................... 33
4. Mercury Correlation Data............................ 37
5* Mercury Sodium Experimental Data.............. 42
6. Coefficient of the Heat Transfer Equation for dif­
ferent % of Sodium........................... 44
7* Mercury Sodium Correlation Data. ............... 46
8. Heat Balances....... 51
9. Physical Properties of the Materials........ 59
10. Butanol Orifice Calibration Data. ......... 60
11* Mercury Orifice Calibration Data. ....... 63
12. Sodium Analysis Data................................ 72