Health Promotion Throughout the Life Span NINTH EDITION CAROLE LIUM EDELMAN, MSN, GCNS-BC, CMC Private Practice Professional Geriatric Care Management Westport, Connecticut ELIZABETH CONNELLY KUDZMA, DNSc, MPH, WHNP-BC, CNL Professor Director of MSN Program School of Nursing Curry College Milton, Massachusetts Table of Contents Cover image Title Page Copyright Dedication Contributors Reviewers Previous Contributors Preface Purpose of the Book Approach and Organization Acknowledgments Unit 1 Foundations for Health Promotion 1 Health Defined Exploring Concepts of Health Health Illness, Disease, and Health Planning for Health Healthy People 2020 Levels of Prevention The Nurse's Role Improving Prospects for Health Shifting Problems Moving Toward Solutions Tying It All Together Using the Nursing Process Summary References 2 Emerging Populations and Health Health Disparities and Health Equality Emerging Populations in the United States Ethnicity, Ethnic Group, Minority Group, and Race Culture, Values, and Value Orientation Cultural Competency Folk Healing and Nursing Care Systems Arab Americans Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders Latino/Hispanic Americans Black/African Americans American Indians/Alaska Natives The Emerging Rural and Urban Populations: Homeless Persons The Nation's Response to the Health Challenge Nursing's Response to Emerging Populations and Health Summary References 3 Health Policy and the Delivery System The Health of the Nation A Safer System Global Health History of Health Care Organization of the Delivery System Financing Health Care Health Care Systems of Other Countries Summary References 4 The Therapeutic Relationship Values Clarification The Communication Process The Helping or Therapeutic Relationship Summary References 5 Ethical Issues Related to Health Promotion Health Promotion as a Moral Endeavor Health Care Ethics Professional Responsibility Ethical Principles in Health Promotion Strategies for Ethical Decision-Making Ethics of Health Promotion: Cases Summary References Unit 2 Assessment for Health Promotion 6 Health Promotion and the Individual Gordon's Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Individual Individual Health Promotion Through the Nursing Process Summary References 7 Health Promotion and the Family The Nursing Process and the Family Family Theories and Frameworks The Family From a Developmental Perspective The Family From a Structural-Functional Perspective The Family From a Risk-Factor Perspective Gordon's Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Family Environmental Factors Analysis and Nursing Diagnosis Planning With the Family Implementation With the Family Evaluation With the Family Summary References 8 Health Promotion and the Community The Nursing Process and the Community The Nurse's Role Methods of Data Collection Sources of Community Information Community From a Systems Perspective Community From a Developmental Perspective Community From a Risk-Factor Perspective Gordon's Functional Health Patterns: Assessment of the Community Analysis and Diagnosis With the Community Planning With the Community Implementation With the Community Evaluation With the Community Summary References Unit 3 Interventions for Health Promotion 9 Screening Advantages and Disadvantages of Screening Selection of a Screened Disease Ethical Considerations Selection of Screenable Populations The Nurse's Role Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health Summary References 10 Health Education Nursing and Health Education Community and Group Health Education Teaching Plan Teaching and Organizing Skills Summary References 11 Nutrition Counseling for Health Promotion Nutrition in the United States: Looking Forward From the Past Healthy People 2020: Nutrition Objectives Food and Nutrition Recommendations Dietary Supplements and Herbal Medicines Food Safety Food, Nutrition, and Poverty Nutrition Screening Nutrition Risk Factors Summary References 12 Exercise Defining Physical Activity in Health Healthy People 2020 Objectives Cardiac Risk Factors Obesity Osteoporosis Arthritis Low Back Pain Immune Function Mental Health Exercise Prescription Exercise the Spirit: Relaxation Response Monitoring the Inner and the Outer Environment Special Considerations