HEALTH PROMOTION AND AGING 2 David Haber, PhD, is an assistant professor in the Gerontology Department at Western Oregon University, Monmouth, Oregon. Prior to his current affiliation he worked at several institutes of higher education. For a decade he was the John and Janice Fisher distinguished professor of wellness and gerontology at Ball State University in Muncie, Indiana. For the decade prior to that, Dr. Haber was a professor at the University of Texas Medical Branch in Galveston. Before that he served as the director of the Center for Healthy Aging, at Creighton University’s multidisciplinary shopping mall–based geriatric center in Omaha, Nebraska. His early academic and research career included positions at the University of the District of Columbia; the University of South Florida, Tampa; and the University of Southern California, where he also received his PhD in sociology from the Andrus Gerontology Center. Dr. Haber is a fellow in the Gerontological Society of America, and he is recognized for two Best Practice Awards from the National Council on Aging, the Distinguished Teacher Award from the Association for Gerontology in Higher Education, and the Molly Mettler Award for Leadership in Health Promotion from the National Council on Aging. The third edition of this book, Health Promotion and Aging, was selected for the 2004 Book of the Year Award by the American Journal of Nursing in two categories: Gerontologic Nursing, and Community and Public Health. Dr. Haber also authored Health Care for an Aging Society. Dr. Haber has authored 87 academic publications and has been project director or principal investigator of 20 research or demonstration grants related to health and aging. Typically, these applied projects involved gerontology and health professional students leading community health promotion ventures with older adults. Dr. Haber’s current interest in life is cat therapy with frail elders. 3 HEALTH PROMOTION AND AGING Practical Applications for Health Professionals Seventh Edition David Haber, PhD 4 Copyright © 2016 Springer Publishing Company, LLC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Springer Publishing Company, LLC, or authorization through payment of the appropriate fees to the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc., 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400, fax 978-646-8600, [email protected] or on the Web at www.copyright.com. Springer Publishing Company, LLC 11 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 www.springerpub.com Acquisitions Editor: Sheri W. 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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Haber, David, 1944- author. Health promotion and aging : practical applications for health professionals / David Haber, PhD. Seventh edition. | New York, NY : Springer Publishing, LLC, [2016] | Includes bibliographical references and index. LCCN 2015051156| ISBN 9780826131881 | ISBN 9780826131898 (ebook) LCSH: Preventive health services for older people—United States. | Health promotion—United States. | Older people —Health and hygiene. LCC RA564.8 .H33 2016 | DDC 362.19897/00973—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015051156 Special discounts on bulk quantities of our books are available to corporations, professional associations, pharmaceutical companies, health care organizations, and other qualifying groups. If you are interested in a custom book, including chapters from more than one of our titles, we can provide that service as well. For details, please contact: Special Sales Department, Springer Publishing Company, LLC 11 West 42nd Street, 15th Floor, New York, NY 10036-8002 Phone: 877-687-7476 or 212-431-4370; Fax: 212-941-7842 E-mail: [email protected] Printed in the United States of America by McNaughton & Gunn. 5 CONTENTS List of Figures List of Tables Foreword by Debra Sheets, PhD, MSN, RN, FAAN Preface Acknowledgments Share Health Promotion and Aging: Practical Applications for Health Professionals, Seventh Edition 1. Introduction Healthy People Initiatives Aging, Health, Social, and Medical Trends Definitions of Healthy Aging Health Perspectives and Aging Legislation Health Care, Medical Care, Quality Care 2. Clinical Preventive Services Medical Screenings and Prophylaxis: Considerable Controversy Cancer Deaths Lung Cancer Breast Cancer Prostate Cancer Colorectal Cancer Other Cancers Menopause High Blood Pressure Osteoporosis Cholesterol Diabetes Hearing Vision 6 Oral Health Hepatitis C Are Screenings Going to the Dogs (and Cats)? Immunizations Aspirin Prophylaxis The Polypill Medicare Prevention A Final Word 3. Empowering Older Adults Empowering Older Clients Empowering Older Patients Communication Cruising the Internet Selected Communication Barriers Health Behavior Change Assessments and Interventions 10 Tips for Changing Health Behaviors Health Behavior Theories Theories Versus Concepts 4. Exercise Surgeon General’s Report on Physical Activity and Health The Most Popular Activity: Walking The Most Popular Inactivity: Sitting Exercise for Disease Prevention and Functional Improvement Exercise for Weight Management The Four Components of My Exercise Class Less Conventional Exercises The Activity Pyramid Arthritis: A Barrier to Exercise and Activity Selected Topics 5. Nutrition and Weight Management The Food Guide Pyramid and Variations Good Nutritional Habits Fat Carbohydrates and Fiber Sugar Protein Water Vitamins and Minerals Sodium Nutrition Labels 7 Malnutrition Selected Nutrition Topics Trends in Weight Gain Measuring Overweight and Obesity Genetics, Lifestyle, and Environment Should We Gain Weight With Age? Body Composition Diets Bariatric Surgery Medicare Coverage for Weight-Loss Counseling 10 Tips for Weight Loss or Maintenance Diet Drugs Competitive Eating and Implications for Advocacy The End of Overeating 6. Complementary and Alternative Medicine National Center for Complementary and Integrative Medicine Prevalence of CAM Communication Barrier Between CAM and Allopathic Medicine Types of CAM Popular CAM Techniques CAM and Medical Education Naturopathic Medical Colleges Selected CAM Topics and Resources Dietary Supplements Vitamin and Mineral Supplements Herbs Hormone Supplements Other Dietary Supplements ConsumerLab.com and the Dietary Supplement Verification Program Nutraceuticals, or Functional Foods and Drinks 7. Selected Health Education Topics Smoking Alcohol Medication Usage Injury Prevention Sexuality and Intimacy Sleep 8. Mental Health Mental Health Mental Illness Depression 8 Alzheimer’s Disease Other Mental Disorders Insurance Coverage Change Chronic Stress Stress Management The Placebo Effect Proaging Mental Health and Aging Resources Social/Emotional Support Family, Friends, Church, and Others Online Support Pet Support Religious or Spiritual Support Peer Support Groups Intergenerational Support 9. Community Health Community Organizations Worksite Wellness Model Health Promotion Programs Professional Associations Community Volunteering Community Health Advocacy 10. Long-Term Care and End-of-Life Care Long-Term Care Informal Caregiving Formal Caregiving Nursing Homes and Culture Change Long-Term Care Alternatives Additional Long-Term Care Alternatives Long-Term Care Insurance: Private Versus Public End-of-Life Care Death With Dignity Act Nursing Homes and Death Green Burials and Cemeteries 11. Public Health Policy and Diversity Funding Public Health Surgeon General’s Reports on Health Social Security Medicare Affordable Care Act Rationing 9 A Single-Payer, Managed Health Care System Medication Issues And, Briefly, the Rest of My Public Health and Aging Policy Concerns Oregon Is a Model State for Health Promotion Legislation Culture and Public Health Policy Minority/Race/Ethnic/Disadvantaged Groups Disparities in Health and Health Care Sex Differences LGBT Aging Rural Aging Global Aging The Diversity of Aging References Index 10