Health and Wellness in the Renaissance and Enlightenment PDF
Preview Health and Wellness in the Renaissance and Enlightenment
HEALTH AND WELLNESS IN THE RENAISSANCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT RecentTitlesin HealthandWellnessinDailyLife HealthandWellnessinAntiquitythroughtheMiddleAges WilliamH.York HealthandWellnessinColonialAmerica RebeccaTannenbaum HEALTH AND WELLNESS IN THE RENAISSANCE AND ENLIGHTENMENT joseph p. byrne HealthandWellnessinDailyLife JosephP.Byrne,SeriesEditor Copyright2013byJosephP.Byrne Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic, mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,exceptfortheinclusionof briefquotationsinareview,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthe publisher. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Byrne,JosephPatrick. HealthandwellnessintheRenaissanceandEnlightenment/JosephP.Byrne. pagescm.—(Healthandwellnessindailylife) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978–0–313–38136–2(hardcopy:alk.paper)—ISBN978–0–313– 38137–9(ebook)1. Health—History.2. Mentalhealth—History.3. Medicine— History—15thcentury.4. Medicine—History—19thcentury.5. Publichealth— History. I.Title. RA776.5.B97 2013 610.9—dc23 2013007961 ISBN:978–0–313–38136–2 EISBN:978–0–313–38137–9 17 16 15 14 13 1 2 3 4 5 ThisbookisalsoavailableontheWorldWideWebasaneBook. Visitwww.abc-clio.comfordetails. Greenwood AnImprintofABC-CLIO,LLC ABC-CLIO,LLC 130CremonaDrive,P.O.Box1911 SantaBarbara,California93116-1911 Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper ManufacturedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Contents SeriesForeword ix 1. FactorsinEarlyModernHealthandMedicine 1 FactorsinIndividualHealthandWell-Being 1 TheEarlyModernWorld 5 SocietalFactorsinHealthandMedicine 9 2. EducationandTraining:LearnedandNonlearned 17 WesternTraditions 17 EarlyModernMexicans 24 AfricanSlavesintheCaribbean 26 TheChinese 30 3. ReligionandMedicine 37 TheExpandingChristianWorld 38 AfricansatHomeandEnslaved 42 ReligionandMedicineamongtheAztecs 45 MingandQingChina 47 4. Women’sHealthandMedicine 51 TheAztecs 51 vi Contents CaribbeanSlaves 54 TheChinese 54 TheEuropeans 59 5. InfantsandChildren 69 TheyAreBorn:NeonatalandInfantHealth 70 HazardstoOlderChildren’sHealthandLives 74 EuropeanInstitutionsofChildCare 78 6. InfectiousDiseases 85 Background 85 TheContinuingSaga:Fleas,Rats,andPlague 87 Mosquitoes,Malaria,andYellowFever 90 FilthandParasites:TyphusandDysentery 93 WhentheAirIsDeadly:Smallpox,Influenza,andMeasles 96 WaterborneDiseases:CholeraandTyphoidFever 100 WhenSexNeededDrugs:SyphilisandOther VenerealDiseases 101 7. EnvironmentalandOccupationalHazards 105 EnvironmentalHazards 105 OccupationalHazards 111 8. SurgeonsandSurgery 121 TheAztecs 122 TheChinese 123 TheIslamicWorld 125 TheEuropeans 128 9. MentalandEmotionalHealthandDisorders 139 TheAztecs 140 CaribbeanSlaves 142 TheChinese 143 TheTurksandPersians 146 TheEuropeans 147 10. ApothecariesandTheirPharmacopeias 159 TypesofMateriaMedica 160 Contents vii EarlyModernDispensersofMedicinal MaterialsandTheirSources 162 TheWorldwidePharmacopeia 170 11. War,Health,andMedicine 183 TheAztecWayofWar 185 EuropeansatWar 187 CarefortheWoundedandVeterans 196 WarwithintheHouseofIslam 198 12. MedicalInstitutions 201 TheChinese 201 TheIslamicWorld 203 TheEuropeans 207 EuropeanInstitutionsAbroad 215 13. HealingandtheArts 221 TheVisualArts 221 DoctorsinDramasandNovels 226 MedicineinPoetry 230 Glossary 237 Bibliography 239 Index 253
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