Headache and Migraine in Practice PDF
Preview Headache and Migraine in Practice
HEADACHE AND MIGRAINE IN PRACTICE This page intentionally left blank HEADACHE AND MIGRAINE IN PRACTICE Edited by MANSOUREH TOGHA, Editor-in-Chief Professor of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ELHAM JAFARI, Co-Editor-in-Chief Neurologist,SciencemanagerofIranianHeadacheAssociation website, Tehran, Iran SEYED EHSAN MOHAMMADIANINEJAD, Associate Editor Associate professor of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran SAMANEH HAGHIGHI, Associate Editor Assistant professor of Neurology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran, Iran HOSSEIN ANSARI, Associate Editor Associate professor of Neurology, University of California, San Diego, USA AcademicPressisanimprintofElsevier 125LondonWall,LondonEC2Y5AS,UnitedKingdom 525BStreet,Suite1650,SanDiego,CA92101,UnitedStates 50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStates TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OxfordOX51GB,UnitedKingdom Copyright(cid:1)2022ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans, electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageand retrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowtoseek permission,furtherinformationaboutthePublisher’spermissionspoliciesandour arrangementswithorganizationssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyright LicensingAgency,canbefoundatourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions. Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythe Publisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,or medicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary. Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgein evaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribedherein. Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthesafety ofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility. Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors, assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproducts liability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products, instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein. ISBN:978-0-323-99729-4 ForinformationonallAcademicPresspublicationsvisitour websiteathttps://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals Publisher:NikkiP.Levy AcquisitionsEditor:NatalieFarra EditorialProjectManager:TracyI.Tufaga ProductionProjectManager:SwapnaSrinivasan CoverDesigner:MatthewLimbert TypesetbyTNQTechnologies Dedication Thebookisdedicatedtoallphysiciansthatrefertoitandusetheinformation to help their patients. j v This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors xv Editor-in-chief xvii Acknowledgment xix Introduction xxi 1. Approach to a patient with headache 1 SeyedEhsanMohammadianinejad Introduction 1 Historytakinginpatientswithheadache 5 Physicalexaminationinpatientswithheadache 27 ImaginginHA 32 Laboratoryandotherinvestigationsinheadache 36 References 39 2. Migraine 45 MansourehTogha Introduction 45 Importantnotes 46 Migrainewithbrainstemaura 47 Hemiplegicmigraine 47 Retinalmigraine 47 Periodicsyndromesassociatedwithmigraine 48 Migrainetriggersandtheirmanagement 48 Treatmentofacutemigraineattack 50 Prophylactictreatmentofmigraine 56 Chronicmigraine 64 Migraineandvertigo 66 References 71 3. Tension-type headache 75 FardinFaraji Introduction 75 Pathophysiology 76 Signsandsymptoms 77 j vii viii Contents Acutetreatment 79 Prophylactictreatment 79 References 82 4. Trigeminal autonomic cephalalgia 85 SeyedEhsanMohammadianinejad Introduction 85 Clusterheadache 86 Paroxysmalhemicrania 90 Hemicraniacontinua 92 Short-lastingunilateralneuralgiformheadache 94 References 95 5. Other primary headaches 97 SamanehHaghighiandSomayehNasergivehchi Introduction 97 Primarystabbingheadache 97 Primaryexerciseheadache 98 Primarycoughheadache 98 Headacheassociatedwithsexualactivity 99 Coldstimulusheadache 100 Externalpressureheadache 100 Nummularheadache 100 Hypnicheadache 103 Newdailypersistentheadache 107 References 110 6a. Headache attributed to trauma 111 SamanehHaghighi Pathophysiologyofposttraumaticheadache 111 Treatment 114 References 115 6b. Headache attributed to cranial and/or cervical vascular disorder 119 ElhamJafari Introduction 119 Headacheattributedtocerebralischemia 119 Contents ix Headacheattributedtonontraumaticsubarachnoidhemorrhage 120 Headacheattributedtoarteriovenousmalformation 123 Headacheattributedtointracranialendovascularprocedures 124 Headacheattributedtosubduralhemorrhage 124 Headacheattributedtointracerebralhemorrhage 125 Headacheattributedtocervicalcarotidorvertebralarterydissection 125 Headacheattributedtoreversiblecerebralvasoconstrictionsyndrome 128 Headacheattributedtocerebralvenousthrombosis 132 References 137 6c. Thunderclap headache 141 AliAsgharOkhovat Causesofthunderclapheadache 141 SAH 142 Reversiblecerebralvasoconstrictionsyndrome 146 Vertebralandcarotidarterydissection 146 Spontaneousintracranialhypotension 148 Cerebralvenoussinusthrombosis 148 Primarythunderclapheadache 149 References 149 6d. Headaches related to alteration in the cerebrospinal fluid pressure 151 MahsaArzani Headacheattributedtoidiopathicintracranialhypertension 151 Headacheattributedtolowcerebrospinalfluidpressure 156 References 160 6e. Medication overuse headache 161 SeyedEhsanMohammadianinejadandBehnazAnsari Introduction 161 Howitclinicallymanifests? 161 WhatisthepathophysiologicprocesscausingMOH? 162 HowtodiagnoseapatientwithMOH? 163 HowtomanageMOH? 164 References 167
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