HdO Early Chinese Religion: Shang Through Han (1250 BC–220 AD) (Handbook of Oriental Studies, Section Four, China)

1281 Pages·2009·11.22 MB·English

by  John Lagerwey

EARLY CHINESE RELIGION
HANDBOOK OF ORIENTAL STUDIES
SECTION FOUR
CHINA
edited by
STEPHEN F. TEISER, MARTIN KERN AND TIMOTHY BROOK
VOLUME 21–1
Early Chinese Religion
Part One: Shang through Han (1250 BC–220 AD)
Edited by
John Lagerwey and Marc Kalinowski
VOLUME ONE
LEIDEN • BOSTON
2009
Cover illustration: Detail of the inner coffi n of Zeng Hou Yi discovered at Suizhou
Leigudun (Hubei), painting and lacquer on wood, ca. 433 BC. Rights reserved. Pro-
vincial museum of Hubei (Wuhan).
Th is book is printed on acid-free paper.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Early Chinese religion / edited by John Lagerwey and Marc Kalinowski.
p. cm. — (Handbook of oriental studies. Section four, China, ISSN 0169-9520 ;
v. 21)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-90-04-16835-0 (v. 1 : hardback : alk. paper) 1. China—Religion—History.
I. Lagerwey, John. II. Kalinowski, Marc.
BL1803.E27 2008
299.5’10931–dc22
2008035404
ISSN: 0169-9520
ISBN Set: 978 90 04 16835 0
ISBN Volume One: 978 90 04 17208 1
Copyright 2009 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Th e Netherlands.
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printed in the netherlands
CONTENTS
Volume One
Acknowledgements ............................................................................. ix
Chronology of dynasties and periods .............................................. xi
List of illustrations, maps and tables ............................................... xiii
Introduction
John Lagerwey and Marc Kalinowski ................................ 1
SHANG AND WESTERN ZHOU (1250–771 BC)
Shang state religion and the pantheon of the oracle texts ........... 41
Robert Eno
Shang and Zhou funeral practices: interpretation of
material vestiges .............................................................................. 103
Alain Thote
Bronze inscriptions, the Shijing and the Shangshu: the evolution
of the ancestral sacrifi ce during the Western Zhou .................. 143
Martin Kern
Rituals for the Earth ........................................................................... 201
Kominami Ichirô
EASTERN ZHOU (770–256 BC)
Ancestor worship during the Eastern Zhou ................................... 237
Constance A. Cook
Ritual and ritual texts in early China .............................................. 281
Mu-chou Poo
Chinese history writing between the sacred and the secular ...... 315
Yuri Pines
vi contents
Diviners and astrologers under the Eastern Zhou: transmitted
texts and recent archaeological discoveries ................................ 341
Marc Kalinowski
Th e image and status of shamans in ancient China ..................... 397
Fu-shih Lin
Th e subject and the sovereign: exploring the self in early
Chinese self-cultivation ................................................................. 459
Romain Graziani
Ethics and self-cultivation practice in early China ....................... 519
Mark Csikszentmihàlyi
Th e mythology of early China .......................................................... 543
Mark Edward Lewis
Ritual practices for constructing terrestrial space (Warring
States-early Han) ............................................................................. 595
Vera Dorofeeva-Lichtmann
Th e rite, the norm and the Dao: philosophy of sacrifi ce and
transcendence of power in ancient China .................................. 645
Jean Levi
Volume Two
QIN AND HAN (221 BC–220 AD)
Combining the ghosts and spirits, centering the realm: mortuary
ritual and political organization in the ritual compendia of
early China ...................................................................................... 695
Michael Puett
Classics without canonization: learning and authority in Qin
and Han ............................................................................................ 721
Michael Nylan
contents vii
State and local cults in Han religion ............................................. 777
Marianne Bujard
Language of Heaven, exegetical skepticism and the re-insertion
of religious concepts in the Gongyang tradition ..................... 813
Joachim Gentz
Th e economics of religion in Warring States and early imperial
China .............................................................................................. 839
Roel Sterckx
Taboos: an aspect of belief in the Qin and Han .......................... 881
Liu Tseng-kuei
Death and the dead: practices and images in the Qin
and Han .......................................................................................... 949
Michèle Pirazzoli-t’Serstevens
Eastern Han commemorative stelae: laying the cornerstones of
public memory .............................................................................. 1027
K.E. Brashier
Latter Han religious mass movements and the early
Daoist church ................................................................................ 1061
Grégoire Espesset
Th ey shall expel demons: etiology, the medical canon and the
transformation of medical techniques before the Tang ......... 1103
Li Jianmin
List of Authors ................................................................................... 1151
Bibliography ....................................................................................... 1157
Index ................................................................................................... 1213

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Th e fi rst phase of the project that led to the present volumes was an
Action Concertée Incitative fi nanced by the French Ministry of Educa-
tion (2002–2006) and directed by John Lagerwey on the subject “Ritu-
els, panthéons et techniques: histoire de la religion chinoise avant les
Tang.” It culminated in a conference on the same subject held in Paris
14–21 December 2006. Organized and partly funded by the Centre de
recherche sur les civilisations chinoise, japonaise et tibétaine (UMR
8155) and the École Pratique des Hautes Études, Section des Sciences
Religieuses, this conference benefi ted from generous grants from the
Chiang Ching-kuo Foundation for International Scholarly Exchange
and the American Council of Learned Societies, the United Board
for Christian Education, Earmarked Research Grant 4116/03H from
the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the International Institute for
Asian Studies, Brill Publishers, the Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifi que, the École française d’Extrême-Orient, the École Normale
Supérieure (rue d’Ulm, Paris) and the Collège de France.
For help in fi nancing translations and preparation of the manuscript,
we are indebted to the Centre de recherche sur les civilisations chinoise,
japonaise et tibétaine. A great debt is also owed our translators, some
of whom received only token remuneration and some none at all: John
Kieschnick, Regina Llamas, Margaret McIntosh, Sabine Wilms, Didier
Davin and John Lagerwey. Th e same is true of Kimberly Powers, who
contributed far more than the hours paid in order to bring the bibliogra-
phy and index as close to perfection as possible. Mu-chou Poo has been
regularly consulted on translation problems and has also helped ensure
smooth communications with the Taiwanese contributors. In addition
to preparing a list of non-standard characters and inserting them where
needed, Olivier Venture helped with a whole series of computer prob-
lems and data base consultations. Finally, we would like to express our
gratitude to the authors, for their willingness to revise over and again
and to accept the badgering that goes with hewing to deadlines.
John Lagerwey
Marc Kalinowski