Hawai’i Creole English: A Typological Analysis of the Tense—Mood—Aspect System PDF
Preview Hawai’i Creole English: A Typological Analysis of the Tense—Mood—Aspect System
Hawai'i Creole English This page intentionally left blank Hawai'i Creole English A Typological Analysis of the Tense-Mood-Aspect System Viveka Velupillai paigrave macn * © Viveka Velupillai 2003 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2003 978-0-333-99340-8 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted her right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2003 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Houndmills. Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 Companies and representatives throughout the world PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan division of St. Martin's Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd. Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries. ISBN 978-1-349-43203-5 ISBN 978-0-230-50585-8 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9780230505858 This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Velupillai, Viveka, 1974- Hawai'i creole English : a typological analysis of the tense-mood aspect-system I Viveka Velupillai. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and indexes. 1. Creole dialects, English-Hawai'i-Verb.l. Title. PM7874.H3V45 2003 427'.9969-dc21 2003048291 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 For my grandmothers Indira and Christina and in memory of my grandfathers V. Kumaraswamy and Roy This page intentionally left blank Contents Contents vii List of Tables ix List of Figures x List of Abbreviations xi Acknowledgements xiv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Earlier studies on TMA in HCE 4 1.2 HCE and the study of creole languages 6 1.3 The present book 8 Notes 11 2 Studying HCE 12 2.1 General background of HCE 12 2.2 Data 15 Notes 30 3 The Framework of this Study 32 3.1 Tense 32 3.2 Aspect 36 3.3 Modality 40 3.4 General on notations 42 Notes 44 4 Tense Categories in HCE 45 4.1 The base form 45 4.2 The -5 form 49 4.3 The past tense 52 4.4 The future tense 55 4.5 On the copula 64 4.6 Summary 67 Notes 69 vu viii Contents 5 Aspectual Categories in HCE 70 5.1 The construction wen VERB 70 5.2 Intraterminals in HCE 81 5.3 Habitual 94 5.4 The completive marker pan 97 5.5 The construction had VERB 99 5.6 Intensification 102 5.7 Summary 103 Notes 106 6 Modality in HCE 109 6.1 Imperative versus try VERB 110 6.2 can VERB 112 6.3 cannot versus no can 116 6.4 have to and gotta igaDa) 119 6.5 better VERB 125 6.6 must and might 127 6.7 like (VERB) 132 6.8 Summary 132 Notes 134 7 The Basic TMA System in HCE 136 7.1 Summary of the HCE TMA system 137 7.2 HCE and creole studies 152 Notes 162 Appendix ; 1: Texts 163 Appendix ; 2: Verbs Occurring with wen: Types & Tokens 191 Bibliogra]p hy 193 General Index 200 Example Index 211 Informant Index 214 List of Tables 1.1 Tsuzaki's (1971:333) four sentences 4 5.1 -ing forms in the written material corpus 87 7.1 The TMA features of HCE in a cross-linguistic perspective 138 7.2 Differences and similarities between HCE and SE aspect 153 7.3 Differences and similarities between HCE and SE tense 145 7.4 Differences and similarities between HCE and SE modality 155 A2.1 Verbs occurring with wen sorted by frequency 192 IX
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