''Have You Seen, Son of Man?'': A Study of the Translation and Vorlage of LXX Ezekiel 40-48

266 Pages·2010·4.658 MB·English

by  Daniel M. O'Hare

“HAVE YOU SEEN, SON OF MAN?”
Septuagint and Cognate Studies
Editor
Melvin K. H. Peters

Volume 57
“HAVE YOU SEEN, SON OF MAN?”
“HAVE YOU SEEN, SON OF MAN?”
A Study in the Translation and
Vorlage of LXX Ezekiel 40–48
BY
D M. O’H
ANIEL ARE
Society of Biblical Literature
Atlanta
Copyright © 2010 by the Society of Biblical Literature
All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
O’Hare, Daniel M., 1977-
Have you seen, Son of Man? : a study in the translation and vorlage of LXX
Ezekiel 40-48 / by Daniel M. O’Hare.
p. cm. — (Society of Biblical Literature. Septuagint and cognate
studies ; no. 57)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-58983-526-9 (paper binding : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-
58983-527-6 (electronic format)
1. Bible. O.T. Ezekiel XL-XLVIII—Translating. 2. Bible. O.T. Ezekiel XL-
XLVIII—Criticism, interpretation, etc. 3. Bible. O.T. Ezekiel XL-XLVIII.
Greek—Versions—Septuagint. I. Title.
BS1544.G7S45 2010
224’.40486--dc22
2010042052
Printed on acid-free, recycled paper
conforming to ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (R1997) and ISO 9706:1994
To Jamie
For her love and constant support

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Acknowledgments ...................................................................................... xi
List of Tables .............................................................................................. xii
List of Abbreviations ............................................................................... xiii
Chapter 1: Prolegomena ............................................................................. 1
Introduction ........................................................................................... 1
A Brief Overview of Ezekiel 40–48 .................................................... 3
Greek Ezekiel in Scholarly Perspective .............................................. 7
The Distribution of Divine Names .............................................. 7
Papyrus 967 and Variant Literary Editions of Ezekiel ............ 15
MT and LXX Ezekiel in Recent Study ....................................... 18
The Need for the Present Work.................................................. 20
Skopostheorie and Evaluation of Translation .................................... 21
A Brief Description of the Theory .............................................. 22
Skopostheorie and Greek Ezekiel ................................................. 26
The Scope of This Study ..................................................................... 29
Chapter 2: Toward the Übersetzungsweise of the Translator ................ 33
Non-Probative Divergences in the LXX Vorlage ............................. 35
Ambiguities in Reconstructing the Vorlage ............................... 35
Mechanical and Accidental Divergences .................................. 39
Confusion of Similar Letters ................................................ 39
Different Word Division....................................................... 40
Metathesis............................................................................... 40
LXX Ezekiel 40–48 as a Philological Translation ............................ 40
vii
viii “HAVE YOU SEEN, SON OF MAN?”
Grammatical and Syntactical Concerns .................................... 41
Participium Coniunctum ......................................................... 42
Infinitives ................................................................................ 44
Pleonastic Uses of the Pronoun in Relative Clauses ......... 48
Postpositive Participles and Genitives Absolute .............. 50
Word Order in LXX Ezekiel 40–48 ...................................... 53
Conclusion .................................................................................... 55
Accuracy and Comprehensibility in LXX Ezekiel 40–48 ............... 56
The Use of the Verb Ἔχειν ........................................................... 56
Suitable Free Renderings and the Historical Present .............. 57
Conclusion .................................................................................... 58
Lexical Interpretation ......................................................................... 59
The Translator’s Freedom in Rendering Vocabulary .............. 59
Transliterations ............................................................................. 61
αιλ ............................................................................................ 63
αιλαμ ........................................................................................ 64
αιλαμμω .................................................................................... 65
αιλευ ......................................................................................... 66
αριηλ ......................................................................................... 66
θαιηλαθα ................................................................................... 67
θεε ............................................................................................. 67
θε(ε)ϊμ ....................................................................................... 68
θραελ ......................................................................................... 69
Conclusions.......................................................................................... 70

Chapter 3: The Vorlage of LXX Ezekiel 40–48 ......................................... 73
Simple Transfer of Wording .............................................................. 75
Transfers Reflecting the Wider Context of Ezekiel.................. 75
In Seven Steps (40:6) ............................................................. 76
The Eastward-Looking Gate (40:20–21) ............................. 77
The Zadokite Priests (42:13) ................................................. 78
Conclusion .............................................................................. 80
Transfer of Language from Outside Ezekiel ............................ 81
Ezekiel 44:13 ........................................................................... 81
And His House (45:22a) ....................................................... 84
Conclusion .............................................................................. 88
“New” Readings in LXXV Ezekiel 40–48 .......................................... 89
The Temple Drain (40:38–40) ...................................................... 90
The Inner Hall and the Increased Adytum (41:1–4) ................ 97
Ezekiel 42:15–20 .......................................................................... 101
TABLE OF CONTENTS ix
Ezek 44:24 and Capital Cases ................................................... 110
Ezek 45:14–15 and the Tithe...................................................... 113
Ezekiel 45:18–20 .......................................................................... 118
Conclusion .................................................................................. 122
Pastiche ............................................................................................... 123
Conclusion ......................................................................................... 137

Chapter Four: Near and Far Contexts in the Rendering of
LXX Ezekiel 40–48 ............................................................................. 139
The Translator and Cultic Purity .................................................... 140
The Interval (διάστημα) ............................................................... 140
The Partition (τὸ διορίζον) ........................................................... 143
Intervening Space (τὸ ἀπολοίπον)............................................... 145
Sacrificial Terminology in LXX Ezekiel 40–48 .............................. 146
Conclusion ......................................................................................... 155

Chapter Five: The Translator and His Target Readership ................. 157
The Translator and Hellenistic Temples ........................................ 157
Στοά / Περίστυλον (40:17–18; 42:3–5) ......................................... 159
Περίβολος / Προτείχισμα (40:5; 42:20) ......................................... 163
Ἐξέδραι (40:44–46; 41:10; 42:1–14; 44:19; 46:19–23) ................. 167
Περίπατος 10, 11, 12) .................................................................... 169
The αἴθριον (40:14, 15 [2x], 19 [2x]; 47:1) ................................... 173
Conclusion .................................................................................. 176
The Translator, Gentiles, and Inclusion ......................................... 177
LXX Ezekiel 47:13, 21–23 (The Tribe of Guests) ..................... 178
LXX Ezekiel 47:8 (Ἀραβία and Γαλιλαία) ................................... 185
Conclusion ......................................................................................... 188

Conclusions .............................................................................................. 189
Avenues for Further Research ........................................................ 192

Appendix A: Diagrams: The Temple Layout, the Οἶκος, and the
East Gate............................................................................................. 193

Appendix B: Examples of Divergence in Word Order in LXX
Ezekiel 40–48 ..................................................................................... 205

Appendix C: Select Technical Terms and the Translator’s Lexical
Flexibility ........................................................................................... 209
Greek Terms and Their Hebrew Hyponyms ................................ 209
Hebrew Terms and Their Greek Renderings ................................ 211