harold innis and the north 25449_BUXTON.indb 1 13-07-09 11:48 25449_BUXTON.indb 2 13-07-09 11:48 Harold Innis and the North Appraisals and Contestations Edited by william j. buxton McGill-Queen’s University Press Montreal & Kingston • London • Ithaca 25449_BUXTON.indb 3 13-07-09 11:48 © McGill-Queen’s University Press 2013 ISBN 978-0-7735-4164-1 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-7735-4167-2 (paper) ISBN 978-0-7735-8876-9 (ePDF) ISBN 978-0-7735-8877-6 (ePUB) Legal deposit third quarter 2013 Bibliothèque nationale du Québec Printed in Canada on acid-free paper that is 100% ancient forest free (100% post-consumer recycled), processed chlorine free This book has been published with the help of a grant from the Canadian Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences, through the Awards to Scholarly Publications Program, using funds provided by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. Funding has also been received from Concordia University’s arre Program, administered by the Office of the Vice-President for Research and Graduate Studies. McGill-Queen’s University Press acknowle dges the support of the Canada Council for the Arts for our publishing program. We also acknowle dge the financial support of the Government of Canada through the Canada Book Fund for our publishing activities. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Harold Innis and the north: appraisals and contestations / edited by William J. Buxton. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7735-4164-1 (bound). – ISBN 978-0-7735-4167-2 (pbk.) ISBN 978-0-7735-8876-9 (ePDF). – ISBN 978-0-7735-8877-6 (ePUB) 1. Innis, Harold A., 1894–1952. 2. Canada, Northern – Historiography. 3. Canada, Northern – Economic conditions – 20th century. 4. Economists – Canada – Biography. 5. Historians – Canada – Biography. 6. Mass media specialists – Canada – Biography. I. Buxton, William, 1947– FC3956.H38 2013 971.9'0072 C2013-902083-7 This book was typeset by Interscript in 10.5/13 Sabon. 25449_BUXTON.indb 4 13-07-09 11:48 To archivists, unsung heroes of our heritage 25449_BUXTON.indb 5 13-07-09 11:48 25449_BUXTON.indb 6 13-07-09 11:48 Contents Illustrations ix Acknowledgments xi Introduction: North by Northwest: Harold Innis and “the Advancement of Knowledge of the Canadian North” 3 William J. Buxton 1 Innis and Northern Canada: Fur Trade and Nation 51 Barry Gough 2 Harold Innis, Peter Pond, and the Fur Trade 65 Paul Heyer 3 The Northern Vision of Harold Innis 73 Matthew Evenden 4 Harold Innis’s Overlooked 1924 Memo on Wildlife Conservation in Northern Canada: The State, Staples and the Economics of Conservation 100 George Colpitts 5 A Confidential Memorandum on the Conservation of Wild Life in the Mackenzie District, Prepared at the request of Mr Hoyes Lloyd and submitted to him by Mr Harold A. Innis of the Department of Political Economy, University of Toronto 122 Harold A. Innis 6 Innis, Biss, and Industrial Circuitry in the Canadian North, 1921–1965 127 Liza Piper 25449_BUXTON.indb 7 13-07-09 11:48 viii Contents 7 Harold Adams Innis and Northern Manitoba 149 Jim Mochoruk 8 The Newfoundland and Labrador Fieldwork of Harold Adams Innis 167 Jeff A. Webb 9 Bringing Nordicity to the South City: Harold Innis as Reviewer of Books on the North, 1928–1944 186 William J. Buxton 10 North-South Networks of Knowledge: Harold Innis, the Rockefeller Foundation, and the Canadian Social Science Research Council’s Arctic Survey 211 Jeffrey D. Brison 11 Arctic Surveillance: Innis, the Arctic Survey, and Canadian State Agencies 227 William J. Buxton 12 Northern Enlightenment: Innis’s 1945 Trip to Russia and Its Aftermath 246 William J. Buxton 13 Towards the “Second Renaissance”: A Russian Perspective on Innis’s Russian Diary 273 Sergei Arkhipov and William J. Buxton 14 Innis and Environmental Politics: Practical Insights from the Yukon 295 Shirley Roburn 15 Innis and I on the Highway of the Atom 326 Peter C. Van Wyck Bibliography 355 Contributors 387 Index 393 25449_BUXTON.indb 8 13-07-09 11:48 Illustrations 0.1 Log chute. Photographer: Harold Innis, University of Toronto Archives (uta), B1991-0029 / 025 (03), 2006-23-11MS. 22 1.1 Innis canoeing the Peace River, 1924. Photographer: John Long. uta, B1972- 0003 / 34 (01), 2003-21-2MS. 59 6.1 Innis with T.W. Harris (Indian inspector at Fort Simpson), Northwest Territories, 1924. Photographer likely John Long, uta, B1972-0003 / 34 (19), 2012-40-002. 132 7.1 Innis at Churchill, Manitoba, 1929. Photographer unknown, uta, B1972-0003 / 34 (35), 2012-40-001. 162 8.1 Lobsters, Newfoundland. Photographer: Harold Innis, uta, B1991-0029 / 024(03), 2006-23-4MS. 173 12.1 Photograph of Innis, Selye, and Porsild in Soviet Union. Photographer unknown. uta, B1972-0003 / 34 (42), 2009-8-1MS. 250 13.1 Bird’s-eye view of Yakutsk. Photographer: A.E. Porsild. Library and Archives Canada (lac), Alf Erling Porsild Fonds, R5945-0-7-E, e010771447 (top image, #31). 278 13.2 Our hotel at Yakutsk. Photographer: A.E. Porsild. lac, Alf Erling Porsild Fonds, R5945-0-7-E, e010771447 (bottom image, #32). 279 13.3 Street in Yakutsk with tea kiosk. Photographer: A.E. Porsild. lac, Alf Erling Porsild Fonds, R5945-0-7-E, e010771456 (top image, #50). 280 25449_BUXTON.indb 9 13-07-09 11:48