Hardwood Flooring Yields from Appalachian Red Oak Lumber

65 Pages·2016·4.85 MB·English

by  Hollis R. Large

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Masters Theses Graduate School
2-1971
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Hollis R. Large
University of Tennessee - Knoxville
Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes
Part of the Forest Sciences Commons
RReeccoommmmeennddeedd CCiittaattiioonn
Large, Hollis R., "Hardwood Flooring Yields from Appalachian Red Oak Lumber. " Master's Thesis,
University of Tennessee, 1971.
https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/3131
This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and
Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE:
Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected].
To the Graduate Council:
I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Hollis R. Large entitled "Hardwood Flooring Yields
from Appalachian Red Oak Lumber." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for
form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for the degree of Master of Science, with a major in Forestry.
Harold A. Core, Major Professor
We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance:
G.R. Wells, John I. Sewell
Accepted for the Council:
Carolyn R. Hodges
Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School
(Original signatures are on file with official student records.)
Februar,y 1,51 971
Tot heG raduateC ouncli:
I am submtiting herewitah t hseis writtne byH ollsi R.La rge
entitle"dHa rdwoodFl ooriYngi ledsf roAmp palachiRane dO akL umbe.r"
I recoemmndt hati t baec cpetedfo rn ineq uarterh ourosf c rediitn
partiaful lfilmlento ft here quiremesn tfort hed egreoef Ma stero f
Sciencwei,t ha majori nFb restr,y.
"'
MajorP rfoessor
Weh avere ad thitsh sei.s
and recommnedi ts acceptance:
Acceptfeodrt heC ouncil:
-$E;.--'4Z�
m
lorfor
Graduate Stuidesan d Reesarch
HABD'WOOD FLOORINGY IELDS FROMA PPALACHIAN RED OAK LUMBER
A Thesis
Presenttoe d
theG raduate Counciolf
� UnievrsiotfyT ennessee
InP artiaFull fimlelnt
oft heR euqiremenst fort heD egree
Masteorf Soienoe
by
HolliRs. Large
March1 971
·
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Aprpecaitioins extendDerd. Ha rtool dA . Core hifosr gu idance,
inetresta.n,d enocuragemetnhtr ought hep lanning, conduicngt, and re­
portiongf t hiss tudy.T hewr itera. lswoi shetso thank Dr.Ga. rla.nd
R.W ellsa.n d Dr.J ohnI .S ewelflo rt heitre hncicala.n d editoiral
asstiansce.
� U�
Thea uhtori si ndeebdtt o Wllia.mDu ggan, verstiyo f
Mr.
TennesseExet ensni Foorsete,r forhi s teohnicaa.slis stancea.n d help
ind a.ta.c olclteoin;M r.R onF oxa.n d Bob Nicohls fohre lpicngo llte c
Mr.
thed a.t;a. a.nd his wifeN,an cy,f orh erp atiencuned,e rsantding,a.n d
assistanicnewr itingan d typing thisp aper.
Thef ina.ncia.a.l sissta.ncep rovidtehdr ougha. gra.ntb yt he S.
u.
ForsetS ervicFeo resPtr odtuscMa rketingLa. bora.tor.YP,r niceton,W est
Virginihaa.s, b eegnr aetlya prpeciated.
ii
961.961
ABSTRACT
Thpeu .xpoosfet hisst uwadys t od etermitnheee f feocftt h e
sizaned gra deo fr eodak l umbeornt hqeuan titanydq ualiotfyha rd­
woofdl ooring Tyhideea ltwdae. rt eop roviidnef or.matwihoinmac yh
beu sebdyf loorpirngo duicnde ertse r.mintihngoe p tiimumn pluumtb er
undevra ryimangr kecto ntdiio na.
mix
Thrgraedee so fk iln-drreoidake l dum be1r,,2 ,an d3 Ac ommon,
wersee lecftosertd u dyEa.c ho f tthherg erea dweesrs eu bdiviindtoe d
fousri zcel asbsaessoe ndl umbewri dantdhl engthT.hs ei zcel asses
consiosflt umebde lre stshan eigihntc hweisdan ed l estshan eight
feelto ngg,r eatthane eri gihntc hweisdan ed l estshan eigfhete t
longl,e stshan eigihntc hweisdan ed g reatthane eri gfhete t long,
andg reatthane eri ghitn chweisdan ed g reatthane eri gfhetel to ng.
Thleum bewra cso nvetro2t $e32/d 21 /i4n osht rfilpo oraningd
x
gradiendt2 oc ommo1nc ,o mmosne,l eoorot l,e flaoro rignrga des.
Analysoifts h dea tsah owtehadtl umbegrr ahaddea s ignifi­
cante ffeocnbt o tphe rcyeinetanl ddt hgrea ddei striobfu tion
floo.r iOngnceo mmolnum behard an overyailelol fd7$ .p$e roent
follobwy2e Cand d 3 ACw ityhi elodf6s 8 .an$d 6 27p eroernets,p ec­
.
tivelWyi.tr he spteocfl to orignrgad dies tribtuhtmaeij oonr,io tfy
floorfirngol mCl umbewra isn t hoel eanadrs elefolto orgirnga des,
whitlhemae j oriotffy l oorfirngo3 mA lCum bewars o onoenitnrat theed
2Can dl Cfl oorigngra d.e sFiooriyngi eflrdo 2m0l umbewra mso re
evendliys triamboungtt ehdfe o ufrl oorgirnga des.
iii
iv
Perceynite olfdfl oorivangr iecdo nsidweiratbbhlo ya wrdi d.t h
Widleum behard averagyei eolfd7 52.p ercewnhtina,ln- eo wl umber
an
had average yioe.folndl6 y2. p6e rce.n tLumbelre ngthha dl ittle
an
effeocnft l ooryiinge. l d
Silmuatimoent hwoedrsee mp loyteosd h otwh ameo unto fwa ste
int hmaneu factoufnr oeo ricngo uplods sibberl eyd ufcroem3d 1 .11
to2 7.p8e0r cbeync to nvetrtwiiongn csht ripos!wa stleum beirn to
25/3121 /i2n cfhl ooring.
x
Recommenfdoafurtr itohnse tru d�e alwiingts he vearsaple cts
ofha rdwoofdl oorpirngo ducwteriseoug nge st.e d
TABLE. .OCFO NTENTS
PAGE
1
I. INTRODCUTIO.N . . . . . .. .. . ..
. . . . . .
II.AN ALYSISO FS UPPLY DEMAND OFHARD WOOD FLOORING 3
AND • •
Demand . . . . .. . .. .. . . . .. 3. . .
• . .
Supply . . . . .. . . . .. .. 4. . .
• . .
Probleomfsa cuqisitn isoupply . . . . . 5.
• .
Facto�Asf fectiCongn sumre Preferences. . . . 6
Tenant cosantd ease maoifn tenance. 6
•
7
Owner'si nstallaantdi omani ntenance cost
• • • • •
9
III. PROCED'UR.E.
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
9
Species Seleicotn. . . . ..
• • . . ..
9
SamplingD esign. . . . .. .. .
• • • • • • .
CovnersiPorno ecss . . 11
• . .
17
SttaitsicalD esign . . . .
• . .
19
IV. RESULTS DISCUSSION . .
AND • .
� 19
oairng Yielbdy L umberG rade . . .
• .
19
Flooring Yielbdy S izeC lass . .
• .
FlooringG radeD isitbruitonAna lysis 21
•
Flooirng Yielbdy L ength. . ... 26.
.. � • . • • . .. .. . .. ., •
WasteAna lysis 27
• • • • •
Costa-lVu.eRelaotniships .3 0
•
SUMMARY . 33
v. • • • • • • • • . . .
Scope ofS ttuhdye . . .. . . .. . 33
. .
PrincipFailn dings . . . 33
. . . . . . .� . .• .
v
vi
PAGE
CHAPTER
V.( Continued)
Conclusions. 35
• • • •
Recommendationfso rFU rtherS tudy. 35
SELECTEDREFERENC ES 37
• • •
APPEND.IX 39
• •
VITA. 53
• • • • • • •
LISTO FT ABLES
TABLE PAGE
1.A ctualB oardFo otV olumeP erS iez Class RedO ak
in
LumberS ampl.e . 12
.• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
2. Board DisitburtionFre quencyo f4 /14C ommonR ed
OakLum ber . . .. . 13
• . • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
3. BoardD istribuitonFre quency 4o/f 24C ommonR ed
OakL umber 14
• • • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • •
4.B oardD istirbutino Fre quencofy 4/.3A4 CommonR ed
OakL umber 1.5
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
.5.M eanI npuantd Outputan d CorresnpdoingM eanY ield
Ratioso fTw o Replcaitions . . . 20
• • • • • • • • • .• •
6.M ean Inpuantd Outputan d CorrsepondiMnge an Yield
Ratioso fT hreLeum berG rades. 20
• • • • • • • • • •
1. Mean Inpuantd Outputan d CorrespondingY iMeeland
Ratioso fF ourS ize aCssles 22
• • • • • •• • • • •
.
8.
Mean Inpuantd Outpu.t.: �d CoxresponMdeianng Y i.e.l d·
23
Ratioso fA llG radeS-izCel assI ntecratio.n s
• •
9.F looriYngi elbdy G radef rom Shorantd Long Lumber 24
•
10. FlooriYngi elodf T hreLeum berG rades. 2.5
• • • • •• ••
1.1
MeanV olume o£Fl ooringf rom Thireten Compasroins
InvolviNnga rrovws. Wide zSeiC lasses . . .2 8
• • • • . •
12.Ac tual PerWcaesntet,A djutsed PercWeanstte ,an d
CaclulaetdP erceonftW asteR eudctio·niMan nu facturoef
11 /I2n c·hWideFl ooring From 2I nchW ideS triposf
WasteL umber . . .. .. .. . . . . 29
• • • •
vii