Hardaway Revisited: Early Archaic Settlement in the Southeast

274 Pages·1998·2.49 MB·English

by  I. Randolph Daniel Jr

H
ardaway
R
evisited

Hardaway
Revisited
Early Archaic Settlement
in the Southeast
I. Randolph Daniel, Jr.
The University of Alabama Press
Tuscaloosa and London
Copyright © 1998
The University of Alabama Press
Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380
All rights reserved
Manufactured in the United States of America
∞
The paper on which this book is printed
meets the minimum requirements of
American National Standard
for Information Science-Permanence of Paper
for Printed Library Materials,
ANSI Z39.48-1984.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Daniel, Randy.
Hardaway revisited : early archaic settlement in the
Southeast / I. Randolph Daniel, Jr.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8173-0900-4 (acid-free paper)
1. Hardaway Site (N.C.) 2. Paleo-Indians—North Carolina.
3. Paleo-Indians—Southern States. 4. Indians of North America—North
Carolina—Antiquities. 5. Indians of North America—Southern
States—Antiquities. 6. North Carolina—Antiquities. 7. Southern
States—Antiquities. I. Title.
E78.N74D35 1998
975.6′73—dc21 97-10131
British Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Available
For Becky

Contents
Tables ix
Figures xi
Acknowledgments xvii
1. Introduction 1
2. Excavations at Hardaway 11
3. Stone Raw Materials 38
4. Artifacts 49
S. The Organization of an Early Archaic Technology
Assemblage Composition and Site Function at Hardaway 130
6. Intrasite Spatial Analysis 147
7. Uwharrie Rhyolite and Early Archaic Settlement Range
in the Carolina Piedmont 170
8. Rethinking Early Archaic Settlement 187
Appendix A. Variables Recorded in the Analysis 205
Appendix B. Artifact Counts 213
Appendix C. Data from the Collections Survey 229
References 237
Index 249

Tables
2.1 Frequency Distribution of Points by Zone
from Selected Units at the Hardaway Site 24
2.2 Frequency Distribution of Points by Zone and Level
from Selected Units at the Hardaway Site 25
2.3 Frequency Distribution of Stone Tools (Excluding Points)
by Zone from Selected Units at the Hardaway Site 27
2.4 Distribution of Lithic Artifacts from Selected Features
at the Hardaway Site 30
4.1 Cross-Section Tabulation of End Scrapers 68
4.2 Location of Lateral Retouch on End Scrapers 71
4.3 Proximal Thinning Location on End Scrapers 71
4.4 Lateral Notch Location on End Scrapers 71
4.5 Spur Location on End Scrapers 72
4.6 Cross-Section Tabulation of Side Scrapers 85
4.7 Number of Bits for Type II and Type III Side Scrapers 88
4.8 Cross-Tabulation of Type IIa Side Scraper Bit Shapes 88
4.9 Cross-Tabulation of Type IIb Side Scraper Bit Shapes 89
4.10 Cross-Tabulation of Type III Side Scraper Bit Shapes 94
4.11 Frequency Distribution of Chipped-Stone Raw Materials
by Artifact Class 111
4.12 Stone Flake Totals 122
4.13 Metavolcanic Flake Totals 123
4.14 Quartz Flake Totals 125
4.15 Quartz Crystal Flake Totals 125
4.16 Chert Flake Totals 127