Handbook on the Climate of the USSR. No 16. Armenian SSR. Part 5. Cloud Cover and Atmospheric Phenomena

323 Pages·8.535 MB·English

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FOREIGN AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY CENTER
MANUAL ON CLIMATE OF THE USSR
ISSUE 16.
ARMENIAN SSR
PART V.
CLOUD COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA
DTI
AN14 19913
93 1 04 033
A,,.,d f.o public dee;
Distributin dhimited.
FASTC- ID (RS)T-0838-92
PARTIALLY EDITED MACHINE TRANSLATION
FASTC-ID(RS)T-0838-92 18 November 1992
MANUAL ON CLIMATE OF THE USSR
ISSUE 16.
ARMENIAN SSR
PART V.
CLOUD COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA
English pages: 319
Source: Spravochnik po Klimatu SSSR, Part 5, Nr. 16,
Publishing House "Gidrometerologicheskoye",
Leningrad, 1969; pp. 1-24; 24A; 25-36; 36A;
37-42; 42A; 43-180
Country of origin: USSR
This document is a machine translation.
Input by: David Servis, Inc.
F33657-87-D-0096
Merged by: Judith A. Anderson
Requester: USAF Environmental Technical Applications Center/
Robert A. Van Veghel
Approved for public release; Distribution unlimited.
THIS TRANSLATION IS A RENDITION OF THE ORIGINAL PREPARED BY:
FOREIGN TEXT WITHOUT ANY ANALYTICAL OR EDITO-
RIAL COMMENT STATEMENTS OR THEORIES ADVO- TRANSLATION DIVISION
CATED OR IMPLIED ARE THOSE OF THE SOURCE AND FOREIGN AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND
DO NOT NECESSARILY REFLECT THE POSITION OR TECHNOLOGY CENTER
OPINION OF THE FOREIGN AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND WPAFB, OHIO
TECHNOLOGY CENTER.
VA STC ID(RS)T-0838-92 Date 18 November 19 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS
U.S. Board on Geographic Names Transliteration System ...................... ii
Preface ....................................................................... 2
Short Characterization of Cloud Cover and Atmospheric Phenomena .......... 6
Explanations for the Tables ................................................ 100
SECTION 1. Cloud Cover .................................................... 100
SECTION 2. Fog ............................................................. 124
SECTION 3. Snow Storms .................................................... 136
SECTION 4. Thunderstorms .................................................. 148
SECTION 5. Hail ............................................................ 152
Tables ...................................................................... 155
SECTION 1. Cloud Cover .................................................... 155
SECTION 2. Fog ............................................................. 241
SECTION 3. Snow Storms .................................................... 268
SECTION 4. Thunderstorms .................................................. 284
SECTION 5. Hail ............................................................ 292
Alphabetical Index of Stations ............................................. 298
SECTION 1. Cloud Cover .................................................... 298
List of Meteorological Stations and Posts .................................. 317
Map of the Network of Meteorological Stations and Posts ................... 319
Aooes8ion For
NTIS GRA&I
DTIC TAB 5
Unanuounced
Justlfication
By
Distributlon/
Availability Codes
Avail and/or
Dls.|Specala~
U. S. BOARD ON GEOGRAPHIC NAMES TRANSLITERATION SYSTEM
Block Italic Transliteration Block Italic Transliteration
"A a A a A, a P P P P R, r
5 6 5 B, b C c C C S, s
B a B . V, v T -m T, t
r r r e G, g y y Y y U, U
A I a D, d * * 0 rF , f
E * E # Ye, ye; E, e* X x X X Kh, kh
?K J Zh, zh U U It i Ts, ts
33 , Z, z 4 14 q V Ch, Ch
H IN I, i W W AU W Sh, sh
A R j? Y, y ,iUn W Shch, shch
K K K X K, k Ib it
Ain 7i A L, 1 i w h/ Y, y
MM M Al M, m bb bh I
Hi H m N, n 3 3 E, e
0o 0 0 O, o10 m) it Yu, yu
nl n /7 P, p i AR a Ya, ya
*ye initially, after vowels, and after I, b;e elsewhere.
When written as # in Russian, transliterate as yV or 1.
RUSSIAN AND ENGLISH TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
Russian English Russian English Russian English
sin sin sh sinh arc sh sinh-1
cos cos ch cosh arc ch cosh-1
tg tan th tanh arc th tanh 1
ctg cot cth coth arc cth coth-
sec sec sch sech arc sch sech-1
cosec csc csch csch arc csch csch-
Russian English
rot curl
lg log
GRAPHICS DISCLAIMER
All figures, graphics, tables, equations, etc.
merged into this translation were extracted
from the best quality copy available.
ii
DOC = 92083801 PAGE
MANUAL ON CLIMATE OF THE USSR.
ISSUE 16.
Armenian SSR.
Part V.
CLOUD COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA.
DOC = 92083801 PAGE 3
Page 5.
PREFACE.
The "Manual on Climate of the USSR" consists of 34 issues,
prepared by the administration of the hydrometeorological service for
a standard program and procedure, developed at the A. I. Voyeykov Main
Geophysical Observatory and affirmed by the editorial board of the
GUGMS [Main Administration of Hydrometeorological Service] with the
Council of Ministers of the USSR under the chairmanship of the
corresponding member of the AS USSR M. I. Budyko.
Each issue of the Manual consists of five parts: part I - Solar
radiation, radiation balance and sunshine; part II - Temperature of
air and soil; part III - Wind; part IV - Humidity of air,
precipitation and snow cover; part V - Cloud cover and atmospheric
phenomena.
In issue 16, part V of the Manual, a short characterization of
the conditions of cloud cover and atmospheric phenomena in the
territory of the Armenian SSR is given. Part V consists of five
sections: section 1 - Cloud cover, section 2 -Fog, section 3 - Snow
storms, section 4 - Thunderstorms, section 5 - Hail storms. The data
within all sections were processed within the limits of the period
1936-1965. The exception is section 5, for which the data were
processed for the years 1891-1965.
DOC = 92083801 PAGE §
The series of observations not only increased within the period
after the appearance of preceding publications of the Manual, but the
meteurological network grew considerably and was renewed. This made
it possible to better illuminate the territory of the republic.
Included in part V are the materials of observations of 77
stations, represented in the form of tables, including an explanatory
text for each table or group of tables, similar according to the
method of processing.
The Manual is intended for a wide circle of specialists. The
data of the Manual can be used to account for the effect of climate
during projecting, planning and operation in different branches of the
national economy.
The "Manual on climate of the USSR", issue 16, part V is printed
by colleagues of the department of climatology of the Yerevan
Hydrometeorological Observatory. The text of section 1 was comprised
by I. S. Torosyan, the texts of sections 2 and 5 - by E. L.
Azatyan, sections 3 and 4 - by U. M. Virabyan.
Participating in the preparation for publication were A. V.
Ramzevich, N. M. Mnatsakanyan, V. Ye. Pogosyan, V. 0. Vardanyan, V.
M. Karapetyan, 0. S. Piloyan under the general guidance of division
head I. S. Torosyan.
DOC = 92083801 PAGE j S
Systematic guidance was carried out by colleagues of the
department of climatology of the GGO R. F. Sokhrinoy, N. V.
Smirnovoy under general scientific methods guidance by Candidate of
geographical sciences V. V. Orlovoy.
DOC = 92083801 PAGE 5
Page 6.
COMPOSITE MAP OF THE ISSUES OF THE "MANUAL ON CLIMATE OF THE USSR".
70 80 45 65 85 105 145 165 80 185 70
1 5 75 95 115 135
Key: (a). Murmansk. (b). Riga. (c). Tallin. (d). Vilnyus.
(e). Leningrad. (f). Arkhangelsk. (g). Minsk. (h). Kiev. (i).
MOSCOW. (j). KiKhinev. (k). Kursk. (1). Gor'kiy. (n).
Rostov-Na-Donu. "LUN (n).,m Kuybyshev. (o). Svnme24mnrm0d 2mlomvms k.n PI. (apm ). am 2Y7 er-evann.mmm l
(q). Tbilisi. (r). Baku. (s). Ashkhabad. (t). Tashkent. (u).
Dushanbe. (v). Frunze. (w). Alma Ata. (x). Omsk. (y).
Novosibirsk. (z). Krasnoyarsk. (aa). Irkutsk. (bb). Chita.
(cc). Yakutsk. (dd). Magadan. (ee). Petropavlovsk. (ff). Yuzhno
Sakhalinsk. (gg). Khabarovsk. (hh). Vladivostok.
DOC = 92083801 PAGE F
Page 7.
SHORT CHARACTERIZATION OF CLOUD COVER AND ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA.
The territory of the Armenian SSR occupies the northeastern part
of the Armenian upland with an area of 29.8 thousand km2 and is
characterized by very complex relief. Mountain ridges cross the
territory in different directions: the Aragats massif, the Dzhavakhet
and Gegam ridges have a meridian direction, the Somkhet, Bazum,
Pambak, Mrovdag, Vardenis, Bargushat and Megrin ridges - latitudinal.
The Areguni-Sevan ridge runs from northwest to southeast, the Zangezur
ridge - from northeast to south. There are isolated peaks, small
plains, basins, plateaus, river valleys and gorges, and passes. At an
elevation of 1900 m above sea level there is Sevan Lake - the largest
high-mountain lake of the USSR.
Elevations vary from 450 to 4096 m above sea level in the
territory of the Armenian SSR, the average elevation is 1700 m.
The complex mountainous relief affects atmospheric circulation.
The large Caucasian ridge delays the propagation of air masses to
Transcaucasia's territory from the north, and the meridian arranged
ridges of the low Caucasus are an obstacle in the path of the entry of
moist western currents into the internal areas of Armenia. The
predominant western transfer in the subtropical zone is strongly
distorted under the action of the relief in the lower layer of the