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Handbook of Veterinary Pain Management, 3e PDF

638 Pages·2014·12.5 MB·English
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HANDBOOK OF Veterinary Pain Management This page intentionally left blank THIRD EDITION HANDBOOK OF Veterinary Pain Management James S. Gaynor, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVAA,Dipl. AAPM, IVAS, IVAPM President and MedicalDirector Animal EmergencyCare Centers PeakPerformance VeterinaryGroup HemoSolutions Breckenridge and Colorado Springs,Colorado WilliamW.MuirIII,DVM,PhD,Dipl.ACVAA,Dipl.ACVECC,VCPCS Columbus, Ohio 3251RiverportLane St.Louis,Missouri63043 HANDBOOKOFVETERINARYPAIN MANAGEMENT,Thirdedition 978-0-323-08935-7 Copyright2015byMosby,animprintofElsevierInc. Previouseditionscopyright2009,2002byMosby,Inc.,anaffiliateofElsevierInc. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorby anymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformation storageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Permissionsmaybe soughtdirectlyfromElsevier’sHealthSciencesRightsDepartmentinPhiladelphia,PA,USA: phone:(+1)2152393804,fax:(+1)2152393805,e-mail:[email protected]. Youmayalsocompleteyourrequeston-lineviatheElsevierhomepage(http://www.elsevier.com), byselecting‘CustomerSupport’andthen‘ObtainingPermissions.’ Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythe Publisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein). Notices Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchand experiencebroadenourknowledge,changesinpractice,treatmentanddrugtherapymay becomenecessaryorappropriate.Readersareadvisedtocheckthemostcurrentinformation provided(i)onproceduresfeaturedor(ii)bythemanufacturerofeachproducttobe administered,toverifytherecommendeddoseorformula,themethodanddurationof administration,andcontraindications.Itistheresponsibilityofthepractitioner,relyingon theirownexperienceandknowledgeofthepatient,tomakediagnoses,todeterminedosages andthebesttreatmentforeachindividualpatient,andtotakeallappropriatesafety precautions.Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheEditorassumes anyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyarisingoutoforrelatedto anyuseofthematerialcontainedinthisbook. ThePublisher ContentStrategist:PennyRudolph ContentSpecialist:KatieStarke PublishingServicesManager:JeffPatterson SeniorProjectManager:MaryG.Stueck DesignDirection:MargaretReid PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Lastdigitistheprintnumber: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 CONTRIBUTORS Leilani Alvarez, DVM, CVA, CCRT Director Integrativeand Rehabilitative MedicineService Animal MedicalCenter New York, New York Chapter 18: Acupuncture Steven C. Budsberg,DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVS Professor Departmentof Small Animal Medicine andSurgery College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens, Georgia Chapter 8:NonsteroidalAnti-inflammatoryDrugs Luis Campoy, LV,CertVA, Dipl. ECVAA, MRCVS AssociateClinical Professor in AnesthesiologyandAnalgesia Clinical Sciences Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine Ithaca, New York Chapter 11: Local Anesthetics Chapter 12: Local and RegionalAnesthetic Techniques Robin Downing, DVM, CVA, CVPP,CCRP,Dipl. AAPM Hospital Director Downing Center for Animal Pain Management, LLC Windsor, Colorado Chapter 1:Pain Management andthe Human-AnimalBond Chapter 21: Therapeutic Goals Chapter 23: Chronic Pain Cases Mark E.Epstein, DVM, Dipl.ABVP(Canine/Feline), Dipl. AAPM, CVPP Senior Partner,Medical Director TotalBondVeterinary Hospitals Gastonia,North Carolina; InternationalVeterinary Academyof Pain Management Past President Nashville, Tennessee Chapter 9:Opioids v vi Contributors James S. Gaynor, DVM, MS, Dipl. ACVAA,Dipl. AAPM, IVAS,IVAPM President and Medical Director Animal Emergency CareCenters PeakPerformance Veterinary Group HemoSolutions Breckenridge andColoradoSprings,Colorado Chapter 4:Definitions ofTerms DescribingPain Chapter 14: Alternative Drugs andNovelTherapies Used to Treat Pain Chapter 17: Energy Modalities:Therapeutic Laser and Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy Chapter 20: Physical Examination With EmphasisonIsolating and Detecting Pain Chapter 21: Therapeutic Goals Chapter 22: Acute PainManagement: A Case-BasedApproach Chapter 23: Chronic PainCases Michelle G. Hawkins,VMD,Dipl. ABVP (Avian) Associate Professor, Companion AvianandExoticPets Department ofMedicine andEpidemiology School ofVeterinary Medicine University of California–Davis Davis,California Chapter26:Bird-SpecificConsiderations:RecognizingPainBehaviorinPetBirds Matthew Johnston,VMD, Dipl. ABVP (Avian) Associate Professorof Zoological Medicine Clinical Sciences ColoradoState University Fort Collins, Colorado Chapter 25: Rabbit- and Ferret-Specific Considerations DarrylL. Millis, MS,DVM,Dipl. ACVS, CCRP, Dipl. ACVSMR Professor of Orthopedic Surgery Director, CARESCenter for Veterinary Sports Medicine Department ofSmall Animal Clinical Sciences College of VeterinaryMedicine University of Tennessee Knoxville, Tennessee Chapter 19: Physical Therapyand Rehabilitationin Dogs Contributors vii Craig Mosley, DVM, MSc, Dipl. ACVAA AssistantProfessor, Anesthesiology College of Veterinary Medicine Oregon State University Coravallis,Oregon Chapter 27: Reptile-Specific Considerations William W. MuirIII, DVM, PhD, Dipl. ACVAA,Dipl. ACVECC, VCPCS Columbus,Ohio Chapter 3:Pain and Stress: Stress-Induced Hyperalgesia and Hypoalgesia Chapter 4:Definitions of Terms Describing Pain Chapter 7:Overview ofDrugsAdministered to Treat Pain Chapter 14: Alternative Drugs and Novel Therapies Used to Treat Pain Chapter 15: Factors Influencing Analgesic Drug Selection, Dose, and Routes of Drug Administration Chapter16:DrugInteractions,AnalgesicProtocols,andTheirConsequencesand Analgesic Drug Antagonism Chapter 22: Acute Pain Management:A Case-BasedApproach Andrea Nolan, MVB, DVA,PhD, Dip ECVAA, Dipl. ECVPT, MRCVS Professor EdinburghNapierUniversity Edinburgh, Scotland,United Kingdom Chapter 6:Health-Related Quality ofLife Measurement Mark G. Papich, DVM,MS, Dip ACVCP Professor of ClinicalPharmacologyCollege of Veterinary MedicineNorth Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina Chapter 13: Glucocorticoids Joanne Paul-Murphy, DVM, Dipl. ACZM, Dipl. ACAW Professor Departmentof VeterinaryMedicineand Epidemiology School of Veterinary Medicine University of California–Davis Davis, California Chapter26:Bird-SpecificConsiderations:RecognizingPainBehaviorinPetBirds viii Contributors Bruno H.Pypendop, DrMedVet, DrVetSci, Dipl.ACVAA Professor Department ofSurgicaland RadiologicalSciences School ofVeterinary Medicine University of California–Davis Davis,California Chapter 10: a -Agonists 2 Matt Read,DVM, MVSc, Dipl.ACVAA Associate Professor(AnesthesiologyandTherapeutics) Department ofVeterinary Clinical andDiagnostic Sciences (VCDS) Facultyof Veterinary Medicine University of Calgary Calgary, Alberta, Canada Chapter 11: Local Anesthetics Chapter 12: Local and RegionalAnestheticTechniques Jacqueline Reid, BVMS, PhD, Dipl. VA, Dipl. ECVAA Professor Honorary Senior Research Fellow School ofVeterinary Medicine College of Medical,Veterinary andLife Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow, Scotland,UnitedKingdom Chapter 6:Health-Related Quality ofLife Measurement SheilahA. Robertson, BVMS (Hons),PhD,Dipl. ECVAA,Dipl. ACVAA,Dipl.ECAWBM(WSEL) Specialist inWelfare Science, Ethics;Law,Dipl.ACAW, MRCVS Associate Professor Department ofSmall Animal Clinical Sciences College of VeterinaryMedicine MichiganState University East Lansing, Michigan Chapter 24: Cat-Specific Considerations E.MarianScott, BSc, PhD, CStat Professor School ofMathematics and Statistics College of Science andEngineering University of Glasgow Glasgow, Scotland,UnitedKingdom Chapter 6:Health-Related Quality ofLife Measurement

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