Handbook of Survey Research PDF
Preview Handbook of Survey Research
QUANTITATIVE STUDIES IN SOCIAL RELATIONS Consulting Editor: Peter H. Rossi UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST, MASSACHUSETTS In Preparation Derek Hum and A. Basilevsky, THE ESTIMATION OF LABOR SUPPLY USING EXPERIMENTAL DATA: The U. S. Guaranteed Income Experi- ments Ronald S. Burt, CORPORATE PROFITS AND COOPTATION: Networks of Market Contraints and Directorate Ties in the American Economy Peter Schmidt and Ann D. Witte, THE ECONOMICS OF CRIME: Theory, Methods, and Applications Published Peter H. Rossi, James D. Wright, and Andy B. Anderson (Eds.), HAND- BOOK OF SURVEY RESEARCH Joan Huber and GlennaSpitze, SEX STRATIFICATION: Children, House- work, and Jobs Toby L. Parcel and Charles W. Mueller, ASCRIPTION A ND LABOR MARKETS: Race and Sex Differences in Earnings Paul G. Schervish, THE STRUCTURAL DETERMINANTS OF UNEM- PLOYMENT: Vulnerability and Power in Market Relations Irving Tollman, Ramona Marotz-Baden, and Pablo Pindas, ADOLESCENT SOCIALIZATION IN CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE: Planning for Social Change Robert F. Boruch and Joe S. Cecil (Eds.), SOLUTIONS TO ETHICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS IN SOCIAL RESEARCH /. Ronald Milavsky, Ronald C. Kessler, Horst H. Stipp, and William S. Rubens, TELEVISION AND AGGRESSION: A Panel Study Ronald S. Bun, TOWARD A STRUCTURAL THEORY OF ACTION: Net- work Models of Social Structure, Perception, and Action Peter H. Rossi, James D. Wright, and Eleanor Weber-Burdin, NATURAL HAZARDS AND PUBLIC CHOICE: The Indifferent State and Local Politics of Hazard Mitigation The list of titles in this series continues on the last page of this volume QUANTITATIVE STUDIES IN SOCIAL RELATIONS (Continued from page ii) Neil Fligstein, GOING NORTH: Migration of Blacks and Whites from the South, 1900-1950 Howard Schuman and Stanley Presser, QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS IN ATTITUDE SURVEYS: Experiments on Question Form, Wording, and Context Michael E. Sobel, LIFESTYLE AND SOCIAL STRUCTURE: Concepts, Definitions, Analyses William Spangar Peirce, BUREAUCRATIC FAILURE A ND PUBLIC EX- PENDITURE Bruce Jacobs, THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE: Urban Institutional Response to the War on Poverty Ronald C. Kessler and David F. Greenberg, LINEAR PANEL ANALYSIS: Models of Quantitative Change Ivar Berg (Ed.), SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES ON LABOR MAR- KETS James Alan Fox (Ed.), METHODS IN QUANTITATIVE CRIMINOLOGY James Alan Fox (Ed.), MODELS IN QUANTITATIVE CRIMINOLOGY Philip K. Robins, Robert G. Spiegelman, Samuel Weiner, and Joseph G. Bell (Eds.), A GUARANTEED ANNUAL INCOME: Evidence from a Social Experiment Zev Klein and Yohanan Eshel, INTEGRATING JERUSALEM SCHOOLS Juan E. Mezzich and Herbert Solomon, TAXONOMY AND BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE Walter Williams, GOVERNMENT BY AGENCY: Lessons from the Social Program Grants-in-Aid Experience Peter H. Rossi, Richard A. Berk, and Kenneth J. Lenihan, MONEY, WORK, AND CRIME: Experimental Evidence Robert M. Groves and Robert L. Kahn, SURVEYS BY TELEPHONE: A National Comparison with Personal Interviews N. Krishnan Namboodiri (Ed.), SURVEY SAMPLING AND MEASURE- MENT Beverly Duncan and Otis Dudley Duncan, SEX TYPING AND SOCIAL ROLES: A Research Report Donald J. Treiman, OCCUPATIONAL PRESTIGE IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE Samuel Leinhardt (Ed.), SOCIAL NETWORKS: A Developing Paradigm Richard A. Berk, Harold Brackman, and Selma Lesser, A MEASURE OF JUSTICE: An Empirical Study of Changes in the California Penal Code, 1955-1971 Richard F. Curtis and Elton F. Jackson, INEQUALITY IN AMERICAN COMMUNITIES QUANTITATIVE STUDIES IN SOCIAL RELATIONS Eric Hanushek and John Jackson, STATISTICAL METHODS FOR SOCIAL SCIENTISTS Edward O. Laumann and Franz U. Pappi, NETWORKS OF COLLECTIVE ACTION: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems Walter Williams and Richard F. Elmore, SOCIAL PROGRAM IMPLEMEN- TATION Roland J. Liebert, DISINTEGRATION A ND POLITICAL ACTION: The Changing Functions of City Governments in America James D. Wright, THE DISSENT OF THE GOVERNED: Alienation and Democracy in America Seymour Sudman, APPLIED SAMPLING Michael D. Ornstein, ENTRY INTO THE AMERICAN LABOR FORCE Carl A. Bennett and Arthur A. Lumsdaine (Eds.), EVALUATION A ND EX- PERIMENT: Some Critical Issues in Assessing Social Programs H. M. Blalock, A. Aganbegian, F. M. Borodkin, Raymond Boudon, and Vit- torio Capecchi (Eds.), QUANTITATIVE SOCIOLOGY: International Per- spectives on Mathematical and Statistical Modeling N. J. Demerath, III, Otto Ear sen, and Karl F. Schuessler (Eds.), SOCIAL POLICY AND SOCIOLOGY Henry W. Riecken and Robert F. Boruch (Eds.), SOCIAL EXPERIMENTA- TION : A Method for Planning and Evaluating Social Intervention Arthur S. Goldberger and Otis Dudley Duncan (Eds.), STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES Robert B. Tapp, RELIGION AMONG THE UNITARIAN UNIVERSAL- ISTS: Converts in the Stepfathers House Kent S. Miller and Ralph Mason Dreger (Eds.), COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF BLACKS A ND WHITES IN THE UNITED STATES Douglas T. Hall and Benjamin Schneider, ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATES AND CAREERS: The Work Lives of Priests Robert L. Grain and Carol S. Weisman, DISCRIMINATION, PERSON- ALITY, A ND ACHIEVEMENT: A Survey of Northern Blacks Roger N. Shepard, A. Kimball Romney, and Sara Beth Nerlove (Eds.), MULTIDIMENSIONAL SCALING: Theory and Applications in the Be- havioral Sciences, Volume I — Theory; Volume II — Applications Peter H. Rossi and Walter Williams (Eds.), EVALUATING SOCIAL PRO- GRAMS: Theory, Practice, and Politics Handbook of Survey Research Edited by Peter H. Rossi James D. Wright Andy B. Anderson Social and Demographic Research Institute Department of Sociology University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts ACADEMIC PRESS A Subsidiary of Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers New York London Paris San Diego San Francisco Sao Paulo Sydney Tokyo Toronto COPYRIGHT© 1983, BY ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. NO PART OF THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS, ELECTRONIC OR MECHANICAL, INCLUDING PHOTOCOPY, RECORDING, OR ANY INFORMATION STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM, WITHOUT PERMISSION IN WRITING FROM THE PUBLISHER. ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10003 United Kingdom Edition published by ACADEMIC PRESS, INC. (LONDON) LTD. 24/28 Oval Road, London NWl 7DX Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Main entry under title: Handbook of survey research. (Quantitative studies in social relations) Includes index. 1. Social surveys-Addresses, essays, lectures. 2. Sampling (Statistics)-Addresses, essays, lectures. 3. Sociology-Research-Methodology-Addresses, essays, lectures. I. Rossi, Peter Henry, Date. II. Wright, James D. III. Anderson, Andy B. IV. Series. HN29.H294 1983 301'.072 83-3869 ISBN 0-12-598226-7 PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA 83 84 85 86 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To the Memory of Paul F. Lazarsfeld, Samuel A. Stouffer, and Angus Campbell Innovative pioneers in the development of social science applications of sample surveys Contributors Numbers in parentheses indicate the pages on which the authors' contributions begin. Andy B. Anderson (1, 231, 415), Social and Demographic Research Institute, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Alexander Basilevsky (231, 415), Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Winnipeg, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3B 2E9 Richard A. Berk (495), Department of Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106 George W. Bohrnstedt (69), Program in Measurement, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47401 Norman M. Bradburn (289), National Opinion Research Center, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Don A. Dillman (359), Department of Sociology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164 Martin Frankel (21), Department of Statistics, Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010 Derek P. J. Hum (231, 415), Department of Economics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N5 Nancy Karweit (379), Center for Social Organization of Schools, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218 Kenneth C. Land (613), Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 Elizabeth Martin (677), Bureau of Social Science Research, 1990 M Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 Edmund D. Meyers, Jr. (379), Boys Town Center, 14100 Crawford Street, Boys Town, Nebraska 68010 xiii xiv Contributors Kenneth Prewitt (123), Social Science Research Council, 605 Third Avenue, New York, New York 10017 Peter H. Rossi (7), Social and Demographic Research Institute, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Paul B. Sheatsley (795), National Opinion Research Center, University of Chi- cago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Ross M. Stolzenberg (613), Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, California 90406 Seymour Sudman (145), Survey Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801 D. Garth Taylor (547), Department of Political Science, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637 Eve Weinberg (329), Policy Research Corporation, 307 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60601 James D. Wright (7), Department of Sociology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003 Preface Sample surveys have become the major mode of empirical research in a wide variety of social science disciplines and their associated applied fields. Sample surveys provide much of the data that monitor trends in our society, test our theoretical understanding of social and social psychological processes, provide intelligence to market researchers, guide the campaign strategies of hopeful candidates for public office, and in general give us much of our current knowledge about our society. Knowledge about how properly to conduct sample surveys has developed out of the efforts of a wide variety of disciplines. Contributions to the develop- ment of sample surveys have come from statistics, psychology, sociology, demography, political science, marketing, education, and so on through the entire list of the basic social sciences and associated applied fields. Corre- spondingly, the work to be consulted by someone interested in developing sample survey skills or by a practicing survey researcher is scattered through- out the social science literature in more than a score of professional treatises and monographs. The decision to undertake the editing of this Handbook arose out of the frustration of trying to organize a graduate course in survey design and analysis and finding that there were no suitable comprehensive treatments of the major topics in that area. To be sure, there were several good introductory level texts suitable for upper division undergraduate courses and there were also several excellent extended treatments of each of the major topics. But, there was no single source that covered the major issues in survey design and analysis at a relatively advanced level and that could serve as a graduate-level text. The editors are also practicing researchers, using sample survey ap- proaches in their scholarly work and in applied social researches. All of the XV xv i Preface separate skills involved in the design and analysis of sample surveys have grown into specialties that are difficult for generalist survey researchers to master in detail. Over the past decade we each have often experienced the dread fear that our practices in some particular respect were falling behind the current state of the art in that area. We have often felt the need for some central reference work that could guide one to the appropriate specialized literature. This was a second source of motivation for the editing of this handbook. It is our highest hope that the Handbook of Survey Research will prove valuable both to advanced students and to practicing survey researchers who seek a detailed guide to the major issues in the design and analysis of sample surveys and to current state of the art practices in sample surveys. To that end, we have invited contributions from persons who we knew were knowledgeable and skilled in the topics in question. All have made important contributions to the development of sample survey methods and all are persons who use sample surveys in their own research. Current state of the art survey research prac- tices are explained and described in this book by persons whose own work best exemplifies those practices. The Handbook has been long in the making: The practitioners of the best are busy persons for whom the preparation of these chapters was often a diversion from heavy commitments to their ongoing research. We are grateful to the authors for managing to find the time to write their chapters and patiently to see them through several revisions. We have been aided throughout by many persons whose help must be acknowledged. The outline was commented upon by the authors, out of which came many useful suggestions about revisions in organization. Various ver- sions of chapters and commentaries on them were typed and retyped by the cheerful and highly skilled team of Jeanne Reinle and Cynthia Coffman, whose work is gratefully acknowledged.
The list of books you might like
