Handbook of Steel Construction – 11th Edition, 3rd Revised Printing 2017

1192 Pages·2017·53.98 MB·English

Handbook
of Steel
Construction
Eleventh Edition
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.
ciscl icca
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
INSTITUT CANADIEN DE LA CONSTRUCTION EN ACIER
All material in the Handbook of Steel Construction
(with the exception of CSA Standard Sl6-14)
and all copyrights, ownerships and other rights therein and thereto,
in all formats, remain the sole and exclusive property of CJSC.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.
Copyright © 2016 Canadian Institute of Steel Construction
I
cisc icca
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
INSTITUT CANAOIEN OE LA CONSTRUCTION EN ACIER
Eleventh Edition
First Printing, Februaiy 2016
Second Revised Printing, September 2016
Third Revised Printing, March 20 I 7
ISBN 978-0-88811-207-l
All material in CSA Standard Sl6-14 and all copyrights,
ownerships and other rights therein and thereto, in all formats,
remain the sole and exclusive property of CSA.
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced
in any form whatsoever without the prior permission of the publisher.
© 2014 CSA Group
CSA
Group
ii CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
CONTENTS
Foreword 1v
Preface v
Designations vii
General Nomenclature viii
PART ONE
CSA S16-14- Design of Steel Structures
PART TWO
~
CISC Commentary on CSA S 16-14
PART THREE
Connections and Tension Members
PART FOUR
~
Compression Members
PART FIVE
~
Flexural Members
PART SIX
~
Properties and Dimensions
PART SEVEN
CISC Code of Standard Practice and Miscellaneous Data
PART EIGHT
General Index
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION iii
FOREWORD
The Canadian Institute of Steel Construction is a national industry organization
representing the structural steel, open-web steel joist, and steel plate fabricating industries in
Canada. Formed in 1930 and granted a Federal charter in 1942, the CISC functions as a
non-profit organization promoting the efficient, economic and sustainable use of fabricated
steel in construction.
As a member of the Canadian Steel Construction Council, the Institute has a general
interest in all uses of steel in construction. The CISC supports and actively participates in the
work of the Standards Council of Canada, the Canadian Standards Association, the Canadian
Commission on Building and Fire Codes and numerous other organizations, in Canada and
other countries, involved in research work and the preparation of codes and standards.
Preparation of engineering plans is not a function of the CISC. The Institute provides
technical information through its professional engineering staff, through the preparation and
dissemination of publications, and through the medium of seminars, courses, meetings, videos,
and computer programs. Architects, engineers and others interested in steel construction are
encouraged to make use of CISC information services.
The information contained in this publication incorporates recognized engineering
principles and practices and is believed to be accurate. Neither the Canadian Institute of Steel
Construction nor its authors assume responsibility for errors or oversights in its contents or for
the use of the information contained herein in whole, in part or in conjunction with other
publications or aids. The information should not be used or relied upon for any specific
application without competent professional examination and verification of its accuracy,
suitability and applicability by a licensed professional engineer, designer or architect. Anyone
making use of the contents assumes all liability arising from such use. Suggestions for
improvement of this publication will receive full consideration for future printings.
Future revisions and errata to this Handbook can be obtained from the CISC publications
webpage (w ww.cisc-icca.ca/solutions-centre/publications) .
Canadian Institute of Steel Construction
Website: www.cisc-icca.ca
Email: [email protected]
iv CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
PREFACE
This Handbook has been prepared and published by the Canadian Institute of Steel
Construction. It is an important part of a continuing effort to provide current and practical
information to assist educators, designers, fabricators, and others interested in the use of steel
in construction. This Handbook is intended to be used in conjunction with the National
Building Code of Canada (NBC) 2015.
The First Edition of the CISC Handbook of Steel Construction was published in 1967, with
the Second through Sixth editions following each new edition of the CSA structural steel
design standard, now called CSA S 16-14. The Seventh Edition introduced CSA G40.2 l-350W
as the basic steel grade for wide-flange (W) and H-pile (HP) shapes in its first printing and
incorporated ASTM A992 and A572 grade 50 in its second revised printing. The Eighth
Edition based on S 16-0 l was expanded to include Hollow Structural Sections (HSS) produced
to ASTM Specification A500 grade C. The Ninth Edition incorporated Sl6Sl-05 Supplement
No. l, while the Tenth was based on Sl6-09.
In this Eleventh Edition, member design tables for angles and standard channels are based
on G40.2 l-350W grade steel, which is now commonly available. This increase brings the yield
stress level for most tables of compressive and flexural resistances to 345/350 MPa. However,
the yield stress of plates and angles used as connecting elements (in Part 3) remains at 300
MPa.
Part I is a reprint of CSA SI6-14, Design ofS teel Structures. To assist in understanding the
requirements of this standard, Part 2 provides a Commentary prepared by CISC.
Part 3 contains information on bolts and welds with tables for design and evaluation of
various structural framing connections. Information on imperial-series bolts has been markedly
expanded in Part 3. Featured in this edition are a new design table for all-bolted single-angle
connections and new design aids for shear lag in HSS tension members and for strength
reduction in multi-orientation fillet welds. Bolt design data for slip-critical joints has been
updated to include twist-off bolts and direct tension indicators, and data for bearing-type joints
has been expanded to include twist-off bolts.
Part 4 contains information on compression members and introduces new tables of
compressive resistances for wide-flange sections produced to ASTM A913 grade 65 and
single-angle struts produced to grade CSA G40.21-350W steel. Part 4 also features updated
design data on anchor rods, washers, and hole sizes for base plates.
In Part 5 on flexural members, the Composite Beam Selection Tables have been expanded
to include deep W-shapes.
In Part 6, section properties and dimensions are provided for currently produced steel
sections. A new table for the mechanical properties of selected ASTM steel grades has been
added, as well as a table describing the common steel grades (CSA and ASTM) for building
construction. Metric bolt data included in the Tenth Edition has been moved to a separate
section due to lack of availability. The new Eight Edition of the CISC Code of Standard
Practice leads the information found in Part 7.
The range of HSS sizes has been extended to incorporate large (Jumbo) sections.
Throughout the design tables in Parts 4, 5 and 6, W-shape sections that are commonly used and
readily available have been highlighted in yellow colour. It should be noted that data for
welded wide-flange sections is no longer provided in this Handbook.
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION V
Permission to reprint portions of their publications, granted by the CSA Group and the
American Institute of Steel Construction, is gratefully acknowledged. The contributions of
Alfred F. Wong, Charles Albert, and Stephanie D'Addese, who helped in the preparation of
this publication, are sincerely appreciated.
vi CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
DESIGNATIONS
Standard designations should always be used to identify structural steel products on
drawings and other documents. In Canada, the official designation is the metric (SI)
designation, and examples of correct designations for most of the commonly used steel
products are provided below. These designations should be used on all design drawings, for
detailing purposes and for ordering material.
Shape Example
W Shapes W610xl 13
Miscellaneous M Shapes M200x9.7
Standard Beams (S Shapes) S380x64
Standard Channels (C Shapes) C230x20
Miscellaneous Channels (MC Shapes) MC250xl2.5
Structural Tees • Cut from W Shapes WT155x43
• Cut from M Shapes MT100x4.9
Bearing Piles (HP Shapes) HP250x62
Equal-Leg Angles Ll02x102x9.5
Unequal-Leg Angles Ll27x89x9.5
Plates (thickness x width) PL8x500
Square Bars (side, mm) Bar 25c!J
Round Bars (diameter, mm) Bar 25¢
Flat Bars (thickness x width) Bar 5x60
Round Pipe (o utside diameter x thickness) DN300x9.52 t
Hollow Structural Sections • Square HSS152xl52x9.5 CSA G40.21 Class C •
• Rectangular HSS152xl02x9.5 CSA G40.21 Class C *
• Round HSS14lx9.5 CSA G40.21 Class C *
Cold-Formed C-Sections CFC305S89-326M
t ASTMA53
* HSS steel grades: CSA G40.21-350W Class C or H, or ASTM A500 Grade C
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION vii
GENERAL NOMENCLATURE
Explanations of the nomenclature used in many sections of this book appear in those
specific sections. In addition, the following symbols are included here for convenience. See
also CSA Sl6-14 Clause 3.2.
A Area
Ab Cross-sectional area of one bolt based on nominal diameter
Ae Effective area of section in compression to account for elastic local buckling
Ai Flange area
An Net area
Ap Concrete pull-out area of a shear stud
Ase Cross-sectional area of a steel shear connector
Aw Web area; shear area; effective throat area of weld
a Centre-to-centre distance between transverse web stiffeners; depth of concrete
compression zone
alh Aspect ratio; ratio of distance between stiffeners to web depth
B Bearing force in a member or component under specified loads
BJ Bearing force in a member or component under factored loads
Br Factored bearing resistance of a member or component
b Width of stiffened or unstiffened compression elements; design effective width of
concrete slab; overall flange width
b1 Effective width of slab
be1 width of stiffened of unstiffened compression elements
C Ratio of connection resistance to the resistance of a single bolt or fillet weld of unit size
and length (for computing the resistance of eccentrically loaded bolt or weld groups)
Ce Euler buckling load
C1 Compressive force in a member or component under factored loads; factored axial load
Cr Factored compressive resistance of a member or component
C'r Compressive resistance of concrete acting at the centroid of the concrete area in
compression
Cw Warping torsional constant
Cy Axial compressive load at yield stress
c Distance from neutral axis to outer fiber of structural shape
cs Slip resistance factor for bolted joints (see CSA Sl6-14 Clause 13.12.2.2)
D Outside diameter of circular sections; diameter of rocker or roller; stiffener factor;
fillet weld size
d Depth; overall depth of a section; diameter of bolt or stud
E Elastic modulus of steel (200 000 MPa assumed); effective weld throat
Ee Elastic modulus of concrete
e End distance; lever arm between the compressive resistance, Cr, and tensile resistance,
Tr
e' Lever arm between the compressive resistance, C'r, of concrete and tensile resistance,
Tr, of steel
Fa Acceleration-based site coefficient, as defined in the NBCC
Fer Critical plate buckling stress
Viii CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION
Fs Ultimate shear strength
Fu Specified minimum tensile strength (MPa)
Fv Velocity-based site coefficient, as defined in the NBCC
Fy Specified minimum yield stress, yield point or yield strength (MPa)
fc Specified compressive strength of concrete at 28 days (MPa)
g Transverse spacing between fastener gauge lines (gauge distance)
h Clear depth of web between flanges; height of stud
I Moment of inertia
fr Earthquake importance factor of the structure (see Clause 27 ofS16-14 and the NBCC)
IEFaSa(0.2) Specified short-period spectral acceleration ratio (see Clause 27 of S16-14)
IEFvSa(/.0) Specified one-second spectral acceleration ratio (see Clause 27 of S16-14)
/, Transformed moment of inertia of a composite beam
1,s Transformed moment of inertia of a composite beam based on the modular ratio, ns
I,, ly Moment of inertia about axis x-x, y-y
!rd Effective deflection moment of inertia about X-X axis for cold-formed sections
J St. Venant torsional constant
j Flexural-torsional buckling parameter for cold-formed sections
K Effective length factor
K,, Ky Effective length factor with respect to axis x-x, y-y
KL Effective length
k Distance from outer face of flange to web toe of fillet of rolled shapes
k1 Distance from centreline of web to flange toe of fillet of rolled shapes
L Length
Lcr Maximum unbraced length adjacent to a plastic hinge; critical unbraced length of
distortional buckling for cold-formed sections
Lu Maximum unsupported length of compression flange for which no reduction in
factored moment resistance, M,, is required (for simply-supported beams under
uniform moment). See CSA S16-14 Clause 13.6(e).
Lw Length of weld segment
Lx, Ly Unsupported length with respect to axis x-x, y-y
M Mass
MJ Bending moment in a member or component under factored loads
MJ-1 Smaller factored end moment of a beam-column; factored bending moment at
a point of concentrated load
Mp Larger factored end moment of a beam-column
Mp Plastic moment = ZFy
M, Factored moment resistance of a member or component
M', Factored moment resistance of a member of a given unbraced length greater
that Lu
M,c Factored moment resistance of a composite beam
M,1b Factored moment resistance based on local buckling for cold-formed sections
M,,, Strength reduction factor for multi-orientation fillet welds to account for ductility
incompatibility of the individual weld segments
M.v Yield moment = SFy
CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION ix
m Number of faying surfaces or shear planes in a bolted joint, equal to 1 for
bolts in single shear and 2 for bolts in double shear
N Length of bearing of an applied load
n Number of bolts; coefficient used in calculating the factored compressive resistance of
a member (see S16-14 Clause 13.3.1 and the Commentary in Part 2)
ns Modular ratio of modulus of elasticity of steel to age-adjusted effective modulus of
elasticity of concrete, for computing shrinkage deflections of composite beams
P Concentrated load
Pi Factored axial load
Qr Sum of the factored resistances of all shear connectors between points of
maximum and zero moment
qr Factored resistance of a shear connector
R End reaction or concentrated transverse load applied to a flexural member
r Radius of gyration
;;, Polar radius of gyration of a singly-symmetric section about the shear centre (see
Clause 13.3.2 of S16-14)
ru, rv Radius of gyration with respect to axis u-u, v-v
rx, ry Radius of gyration with respect to axis x-x, y-y
r'y Radius of gyration of a member about its minor principal axis
rz Radius of gyration with respect to axis z-z
S Elastic section modulus
Sa(T) 5% damped spectral response acceleration, expressed as a ratio to gravitational
acceleration, for a period of T in seconds, as defined in the NBCC
Sx Elastic section modulus with respect to axis x-x
Sy Elastic section modulus with respect to axis y-y
s Centre-to-centre spacing (pitch) between successive fastener holes in line of
applied force
T Theoretical weld throat
T1 Tensile force in a member or component under factored loads
Tr Factored tensile resistance of a member or component; factored tensile resistance of
the steel acting at the centroid of that part of the steel area in tension
t Thickness
U Amplification factor for stability analysis of beam-columns
U, Factor to account for efficiency of the tensile area
Vr Shear force in a member or component under factored loads
Vr Factored shear resistance of a member or component
Vs Slip resistance of a bolted joint
W Total uniformly distributed load (kN); concentrated load; weld face width
w Web thickness; load per unit of length
Xo Horizontal coordinate of the shear centre of a section
Yo Vertical coordinate of the shear centre of a section
Z Plastic section modulus of a steel section
X CANADIAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION