Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques, Volume I (Handbook of Stable Isotope Analytical Techniques)

1265 Pages·2005·115.11 MB·English

by  P.A. de Groot

HANDBOOK OF STABLE ISOTOPE
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
Front Cover:
Cover photograph shows a multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). Copyright
of photo by IRMM, Retieseweg, 2440 Geel, Belgium. Publication kindly permitted by IRMM and acknowledged
by the editor.
HANDBOOK OF STABLE ISOTOPE
ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES
VOLUME 1
Pier A. de Groot
editor
Economic Geology Research Institute, School of Geosciences,
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
and
Delta Isotopes Consultancy, Pastoor Moorkensstraat 16,
2400 Mol-Achterbos, Belgium (present address)
2004
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Those incredible deltas
They measured day and night
On their super isotope machine
And ended that analytical fight
With zero errors, as you imagine
Then ... they had actually begun
Without switching the bloody thing on.
C. Brenninkmeijer
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Dedication to S.M.F. Sheppard
Simon M. F. Sheppard
viii Dedication to S.M.F. Sheppard
Dedication
The two volumes on Stable Isotope Techniques are dedicated to my colleague and
former tutor Simon M.F. Sheppard. He was the person who introduced me, during
my study period in the Centre de Recherches P6trographiques et G6ochimiques, at
Vandoeuvre-l~s-Nancy, France, to the wonderful world of stable isotopes applied to
earth science, especially in the field of geochemistry and mineral deposits. It was, on
reflection a critical period in developing my career, motivating me to understand the
full ramifications of stable isotope chemistry. Since that time my interest in stable iso-
tope chemistry has constantly progressed. If Simon had not stimulated me to work in
this field, I would not have organised this publication presenting the essential guide-
lines of analytical procedures and techniques for the measurement of stable isotope
ratios in samples for a large number of scientific disciplines.
Simon Sheppard, born April 16, 1938, at Salisbury, England, was educated at the
University of Cambridge, England, where he gained a BA Tripos in Natural Sciences
in 1962. His first studies in isotope geochemistry began at McMaster University in
Canada, under the guidance of Henri Schwarcz gaining his PhD in 1966 on "Stable
isotope (C, O) geochemistry of metamorphic rocks". From 1966 to 1968 Simon was
Research Fellow at the California Institute of Technolog~ Pasadena, U.S.A., where he
first worked with Samuel Epstein and Hugh Taylor Jr. Here he completed two impor-
tant publications on porphyry copper mineralization linked to fluid-rock interactions
(Sheppard et al., 1969, 1971). Simon was then appointed to an Assitent Professorship
from 1968 until 1970, at the University of Texas, Austin, U.S.A. He then returned to the
Uinted Kingdom to develop stable isotope research facilities at the Scottish Universi-
ties Research and Reactor Centre (SURRC), East Kilbride, Scotland. In 1976 Simon was
invited to the Centre de Recherches P6trographiques et G6ochimiques (CRPG), Van-
doeuvre-16s-Nancy, in France, by Bernard Poty with the intention of coupling fluid
inclusion research with stable isotope systematics. This scientific challenge could not
be resisted and so Simon left SURRC to join CRPG sponsored by CNRS, the French
national research organization, ultimately becoming the 'Directeur' of CRPG in 1980
for ten years. In 1991 Simon was appointed to the newly founded l~cole Normale
Sup6rieure (ENS) in Lyon, France, where he continued his stable isotope research
work until his recent retirement in September 2003.
During his scientific career, Simon Sheppard has become highly regarded as a sta-
ble isotope geochemist in Europe and worldwide. His main area of interest is in the
origin and transfer of aqueous, carbonic, sulfurous and silicate fluids in the mantle,
crust and hydrosphere. Related to this theme is the use of fluid inclusion analytical
methods pioneered by Alain Weisbrod and Bernard Poty at CRPG. Simon always has
been fascinated by the application of stable isotope studies to economic geolog~ par-
ticularly material transfer by fluids and stable isotope exchange processes (fluid -
Dedication to S.M.F. Sheppard ix
mineral interactions). His extensive experience in different scientific areas is also
shown by his contribution of two chapters in Volume L Part 1, Review and Discussion on
Developments in Stable Isotope Analytical Technologies, where Simon is the co-author of
Chapter 2, on "Analysis of Fluids from Clays and Sediments", and author of Chapter
4:6, on "The Experimental Determination of Isotopic Fractionations'. This is the first
compilation on experimental methods on this subject to be published.
Besides possessing a substantial list of frequently cited publications Simon has
been Associate Editor for Precambrian Research (1977- 1989), Geochimica Cosmo-
chimica Acta (1979 - 1985), and is still active as Associate Editor for Lithos (from 1984)
and Chemical Geology (from 1991).
During my contact with Simon over the years, I learned that Simon is an 'amateur
expert' in architecture. I well remember his request to see the 'Rietveld - house' in
Utrecht, the Netherlands (now protected by UNESCO as world cutural heritage site).
Living in France Simon enjoys fine wine, and has developed a curiosity for goat
cheese. Currently he is writing a book on French cheeses which should be published
in the near future.
References
Sheppard S. M. F., Nielsen R. L. & Taylor H. P. Jr. (1969) Oxygen and hydrogen isotope ratio of clay
minerals from porphyry copper deposits. Econ. Geol., 64: 755-777.
Sheppard S. M. F., Nielsen R. L. & Taylor H. P. Jr. (1971) Hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios in min-
erals from porphyry copper deposits. Econ. Geol., 66: 515-542.