Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science, Running PDF
Preview Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science, Running
RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page iii Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Running EDITED BY John A. Hawley PhD RMIT University, Bundoora Victoria, Australia RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page x RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page i Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Running http://avaxho.me/blogs/ChrisRedfield RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page ii IOC Medical Commission Sub-Commission on Publications in the Sport Sciences Howard G. Knuttgen PhD(Co-ordinator) Boston, Massachusetts, USA Francesco Conconi MD Ferrara, Italy Harm Kuipers MD, PhD Maastricht, The Netherlands Per A.F.H. Renström MD, PhD Stockholm, Sweden Richard H. Strauss MD Los Angeles, California, USA RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page iii Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science Running EDITED BY John A. Hawley PhD RMIT University, Bundoora Victoria, Australia RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page iv © 2000 by The right of the Author to be DISTRIBUTORS Blackwell Science Ltd identified as the Author of this Work Marston Book Services Ltd Editorial Offices: has been asserted in accordance PO Box 269 Osney Mead, Oxford OX2 0EL with the Copyright, Designs and Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4YN 25 John Street, London WC1N 2BL Patents Act 1988. (Orders: Tel:01235 465500 23 Ainslie Place, Edinburgh EH3 6AJ Fax: 01235 465555) 350 Main Street, Malden All rights reserved. No part of MA 02148 5018, USA this publication may be reproduced, USA 54 University Street, Carlton stored in a retrieval system, or Blackwell Science, Inc. Victoria 3053, Australia transmitted, in any form or by any Commerce Place 10, rue Casimir Delavigne means, electronic, mechanical, 350 Main Street 75006 Paris, France photocopying, recording or otherwise, Malden, MA 02148 5018 except as permitted by the UK (Orders: Tel:800 759 6102 Other Editorial Offices: Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 781 388 8250 Blackwell Wissenschafts-Verlag GmbH 1988, without the prior permission Fax: 781 388 8255) Kurfürstendamm 57 of the copyright owner. Canada 10707 Berlin, Germany Login Brothers Book Company A catalogue record for this title Blackwell Science KK 324 Saulteaux Crescent is available from the British Library MG Kodenmacho Building Winnipeg, Manitoba R3J 3T2 7–10 Kodenmacho Nihombashi ISBN 0-632-05391-7 (Orders: Tel: 204 837-2987) Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104, Japan Australia Library of Congress Blackwell Science Pty Ltd First published 2000 Cataloging-in-publication Data 54 University Street Carlton, Victoria 3053 Set by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong Running / edited by John A. Hawley. (Orders: Tel:3 9347 0300 Printed and bound in Great Britain p. cm. — (Handbook of sports Fax: 3 9347 5001) by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall medicine and science) Includes index. The Blackwell Science logo is a For further information on ISBN 0–632–05391–7 trade mark of Blackwell Science Ltd, Blackwell Science, visit our website: 1. Running—Physiological aspects— registered at the United Kingdom www.blackwell-science.com Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Running Trade Marks Registry injuries—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Hawley, John A. II. Series. RC1220.R8 R85 1999 612′.044—dc21 99–047560 RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page v Contents 2 Physiology and biochemistry of middle distance and long distance running, 14 Ronald J. Maughan 3 Biomechanics of running, 28 Mario A. Lafortune, Gordon A. Valiant and Brian McLean 4 Training techniques for successful running performance, 44 John A. Hawley List of contributors, vi 5 Nutrition for runners, 58 Forewords by the IOC, vii Louise M. Burke Foreword by the IAAF, viii 6 Medical considerations for runners, 72 Timothy D. Noakes Preface, ix Index, 91 1 Physiology and biochemistry of sprinting, 1 Henryk K.A. Lakomy v RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page vi List of contributors Henryk K.A. LakomyPhD Department of Physical Education, Sports Science and Recreation Manage- ment, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK Brian McLeanPhD Biomechanics Laboratory, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, ACT 2616, Australia Ronald J. Maughan PhD Department of Biomedical Sciences, University Medical School, Foresterhill, Louise M. Burke PhD Department of Sports Nutrition, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK Australian Institute of Sport, PO Box 176, Belconnen, ACT 2616, Australia Timothy D. NoakesMB.ChB, MD Bioenergetics of Exercise Research Unit, Department of Physiology, John A. HawleyPhD Exercise Metabolism Group, University of Cape Town, Boundary Road, Newlands Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, 7700, South Africa RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia Gordon A. ValiantPhD Nike Sports Research Mario A. LafortunePhD Nike Sports Research Laboratory, 1 Bowerman Drive, Beaverton, Oregon, Laboratory, 1 Bowerman Drive, Beaverton, Oregon, Oregon 97005, USA Oregon 97005, USA vi RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page vii Forewords by the IOC nutrition and medical considerations of running for a full range of competitive distances. My sincere thanks go to Prince Alexandre de Merode and the Publications in Sport Sciences Sub-Commission of the IOC Medical Commission. Juan Antonio Samaranch Marqués de Samaranch On behalf of the International Olympic Committee On behalf of the International Olympic Committee and its Medical Commission it is a great pleasure for I should like to welcome the new volume in our me to present this important publication addressed Handbook of Sports Medicine and Science series, to physicians, physiotherapists, athletic trainers, Running, published in this very important year, the coaches and the athletes themselves who will greatly year of the Games of XXVII Olympiad to be celebrated benefit from this outstanding reference. in Sydney. The primary purpose of the Handbook on Running Running is one of the purest forms of sport. It is one is to provide important information that will contri- of the first activities that has appeared early in the bute to the health and well being of runners of all ages sports history of cultures around the world. from all parts of the world. Additionally, insights can On behalf of the International Olympic Committee be obtained that can result in improved performance I should like to thank the distinguished group of and full attainment of each athlete’s genetic potential. internationally renowned authorities who have combined their knowledge and talents to provide Prince Alexandre de Merode definitive reviews of the biomechanics, physiology, Chairman, IOC Medical Commission vii RHA01 1/2/2000 10:48 AM Page viii Foreword by the IAAF sal gift. The elite runner has aquired his/her skills through a combination of talent for running, system- atic coaching and a proper lifestyle. But even an athlete at that level has to maintain an up-to-date understanding of how his or her body functions, how to train and prepare properly and how to watch out for signs of bodily strain and fatigue. Such knowledge is also indispensable for the athlete’s entourage, i.e. coach, physiotherapist, physician, etc. The International Amateur Athletic Federation (IAAF), which is the governing body of running, very Running is the most basic sport of all and can be prac- much welcomes the Handbook on Runningto which tised by almost everybody. To run faster than others highly ranked international scientists and experts over a certain distance has been the most highly from various fields of importance for running have praised ability since competitive sport was born. The contributed. This comprehensive book should offer popularity of running in our time is reflected in the an excellent opportunity for all concerned to make rapid growth of mass road races over the last several running safer and better at all levels. decades. Almost every big city on the globe has its own ‘city marathon’ with thousands of participants. Arne Ljungqvist MD Although the ability to run is an inborn quality with IAAF Vice President and nearly everybody, successful running is not a univer- Chairman of the IAAF Medical Committee viii
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