Handbook of Science and Technology Studies PDF
Preview Handbook of Science and Technology Studies
H A N D B O OK S C I E N CE _ AND T E C H N O L O GY S T U D I ES REVISED EDITION HANDBOOK OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY STUDIES Sponsored by the Society for Social Studies of Science HANDBOOK COMMITTEE Mary Frank Fox, Chair Georgia Institute of Technology Charles Bazerman Georgia Institute of Technology Wiebe Bijker University ofLimburg, the Netherlands Susan Cozzens Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Steve Fuller University of Durham, United Kingdom Lowell Hargens Ohio State University J. Scott Long Indiana University Arie Rip University of Twente, the Netherlands Wesley S h rum Louisiana State University Arnold Thackray University of Pennsylvania Harriet Zuckerman The Andrew Mellon Foundation H A N D B O OK OF I E N CE _ A ND T E C H N O L O GY S T U D I ES SHEILA JASANOFF GERALD E. MARKLE JAMES C. PETERSEN TREVOR PINCH EDITORS PUBLISHED IN COOPERATION WITH THE SOCIETY FOR SOCIAL STUDIES OF SCIENCE REVISED EDITION Sage Publications I International Educational and Professional Publisher Thousand Oaks • London • New Delhi Copyright © 1995 by Sage Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the pub- lisher. For information address: SAGE Publications, Inc. 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 E-mail: [email protected] SAGE Publications Ltd. 6 Bonhill Street London EC2A 4PU United Kingdom SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd. M-32 Market Greater Kailash I New Delhi 110 048 India Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Main entry under title: Handbook of science and technology studies / editors, Sheila Jasanoff... [et al.], p. cm. Published in cooperation with the Society for Social Studies of Science. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-7619-2498-2 1. Science. 2. Technology. I. Jasanoff, Sheila. II. Society for Social Studies of Science. Q158.5.H36 1994 306.4* 5—dc20 94-16787 10 11 12 13 14 9876543 Contents Foreword Introduction Part I. Overview 1. Reinventing the Wheel David Edge Part IL Theory and Methods 2. Four Models for the Dynamics of Science Michel Gallon 3. Coming of Age in STS: Some Methodological Musings Gary Bow den 4. The Origin, History, and Politics of the Subject Called "Gender and Science": A First Person Account Evelyn Fox Keller 5. The Theory Landscape in Science Studies: Sociological Traditions Sal Restivo Part III. Scientific and Technical Cultures 6. Science and Other Indigenous Knowledge Systems Helen Watson-Verran and David Turnbull 7. Laboratory Studies: The Cultural Approach to the Study of Science Karin Knorr Cetina 8. Engineering Studies Gary Lee Downey and Juan C. Lucena 9. Feminist Theories of Technology Judy Wajcman 10. Women and Scientific Careers Mary Frank Fox Part IV. Constructing Technology 11. Sociohistorical Technology Studies Wiebe E. Bijker 12. From "Impact" to Social Process: Computers in Society and Culture Paul N. Edwards 13. Science Studies and Machine Intelligence H. M. Collins 14. The Human Genome Project Stephen Hilgartner Part V. Communicating Science and Technology 15. Discourse, Rhetoric, Reflexivity: Seven Days in the Library Malcolm Ashmore, Greg Myers, and Jonathan Potter 16. Science and the Media Bruce V. Lewenstein 17. Public Understanding of Science Brian Wynne Part VL Science, Technology, and Controversy 18. Boundaries of Science Thomas F. Gieryn 19. Science Controversies: The Dynamics of Public Disputes in the United States Dorothy Nelkin 20. The Environmental Challenge to Science Studies Steven Yearley 21. Science as Intellectual Property Henry Etzkowitz and Andrew Webster 22. Scientific Knowledge, Controversy, and Public Decision Making Brian Martin and Evelleen Richards Part VII. Science, Technology, and the State 23. Science, Government, and the Politics of Knowledge Susan E. Cozzens and Edward J. Woodhouse 24. Politics by the Same Means: Government and Science in the United States Bruce Bimber and David H. Guston 25. Changing Policy Agendas in Science and Technology Aant Elzinga and Andrew Jamison 26. Science, Technology, and the Military: Relations in Transition Wim A. Smit 27. Science and Technology in Less Developed Countries Wesley Shrum and Yehouda Shenhav 28. Globalizing the World: Science and Technology in International Relations Vittorio Ancarani References Further Reading Index About the Authors Foreword THE Society for Social Studies of Science (4S) was founded to "promote re- search, learning, and understanding in the social analysis of science" with membership open to all interested in the "social and policy aspects of science." From the outset, the 4S has had two notable characteristics: multidisciplinar- ity and internationalism in its membership and their contributions. Thus in 1988, when the 4S proposed sponsorship of a handbook on science and tech- nology studies in collaboration with Sage Publications, we sought to promote a volume with breadth in contributions, by national region, discipline, and theoretical and methodological perspectives. The handbook proj~ect, and the volume now produced, were designed to reflect, and we hope sustain, the vi- tality of the 4S and the contributions of those working in the study of science and technology. Gratitude for the project is extended throughout the 4S. For their long and committed work on the volume, appreciation goes to the editors. The authors were fundamental to the volume, as were the reviewers, who read and refereed each contribution, and we thank them. The 4S Handbook Committee served as an editorial and advisory board for the project. Appreciation goes to each member for his or her dedication and responsiveness. In addition, over the course of the project, four 4S presidents were involved: Presidents Arie Rip, Harriet Zuckerman, Harry Collins, and Sal Restivo lent their wisdom, judgment, and experience to the project's inception, development, and completion. Finally, for his colleagueship, good humor, and reliable good sense, we are grateful to Mitch Allen of Sage Publications. We believe that this Handbook captures the energy and directions in the field, and it is our hope that the volume has a role in generating continuing re- search and learning in science and technology studies. Mary Frank Fox Handbook Committee ix
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