Handbook of Public Management Practice and Reform (Public Administration and Public Policy)

807 Pages·2001·2.39 MB·English

by  Kuo-Tsai Liou

ISBN:0-8247-0429-0
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
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To my father,
Jiunn-Jin Liou
and
in memory of my mother,
Der-Jy Wann

Preface
Public management reform is one of the most popular topics in the field of public
administration. Both academics and practitioners have been actively involved in
studying it. Researchers have published numerous articles and books examining
the background,motives,concepts,strategies,implementation,effectiveness,and
lessons of many reform policies and programs. Practitioners are interested in
learning new managerial ideas and reform policies to advance their knowledge
and skills so that they can improve their management of public organizations and
provide better service to their communities.
Over the past several decades, many reform ideas, policies, and programs
have been recommended and implemented in major areas of public administra-
tion. In budgeting and financial management,for example,recent reform efforts
introduced new policies to improve performance,increase productivity,promote
accountability, cut expenditures, and reduce the size of government. Similar
reform efforts have been recommended in the human resource management area.
Latest reform efforts emphasize the importance of accountability, flexibility,
decentralization,privatization,and deregulation in civil service systems at all lev-
els of government.
My interest in public management reform has to do with three aspects of my
academic research at both micro- and macro-levels. First,I was interested in the
topic of public budgeting reform and focused not only on the concept and tech-
v
vi Preface
niques of various budgeting systems but also on the politics and challenges
involved in the reform process. Then, I addressed this topic from the organiza-
tional development and policy implementation approaches and concentrated on
such issues as organizational environment, leadership, culture, communication,
and strategies that are important to the success of any reform policies and organi-
zational changes. Finally, I emphasized the importance of public management
reform in my recent studies of economic development in many developing and
economic-transition countries. The issues of interest are broader and include the
role of government in economic development,decentralization and deregulation,
institutional arrangement and support, and corruption and bureaucratic dysfunc-
tions in the transition process,as well as cooperation among public,private,and
nonprofit organizations.
To edit a big book on public management reform and practice is not an easy
task. It has taken more than four years to develop and prepare this volume. I first
proposed to develop a book related to the ideas,changes,and challenges in recent
public management reforms. Based on comments and recommendations from Dr.
Jack Rabin and Mr. Marcel Dekker,I expanded the scope by incorporating many
changes and challenges in the environment of public administration,the practices
and functions of public management,the experience and issues of recent reform
efforts, and the new ideas and directions in public administration, as well as the
development and contribution of public administration education, research, and
professional associations.
The process of editing this book has been a pleasant experience for me. I
have had opportunities to work with many outstanding scholars who were inter-
ested in this project. I thank Dr. Jack Rabin,the editor of the Public Administra-
tion and Public Policy series,for his acceptance of my original proposal and sug-
gestions on the content of the book. All the contributors have been wonderful as
they worked hard to finish their chapters according to my general guidelines,and
they were patient with the review and revision process. I am also grateful for the
assistance of my outstanding staff,John Mullen and Michelle Morales at the Uni-
versity of Central Florida, during the research and communication stage of this
project. I especially appreciate the professional dedication of staff members at
Marcel Dekker, Inc. Their dedication and skills were important to the final pro-
duction of this book. Finally,strong support from my family has been critical in
finishing this book. My wife,Susan,has spent a lot of time taking care of our three
children (Alan,Anna,and Alex) and other family business,which allowed me to
concentrate on my research. I owe all to their love and encouragement.
Kuotsai Tom Liou
Contents
Preface v
Contributors xi
Introduction xv
Part I. Environmental Changes and Public Management
1 Politics,Paradox,and the “Ecology”of Public
Administration:Challenges,Choices,and Opportunities for
a New Century
Robert F. Durant 1
2 Global Economic Changes and Public Management
Susan J. Tolchin and Kenneth E. Cox 35
3 Society’s Values and Public Management
Mongomery Van Wart 57
4 Technology and Public Administration
Daniel J. Jorgensen and W. Earle Klay 75
vii
viii Contents
Part II. Changes in Budgeting and Financial Management
5 Reforming American Government Accounting in the
20th Century
James L. Chan 97
6 Unfinished Agenda in Public Financial Management
A. Premchand 123
7 Changes and Administrative Reforms in Local Government
Budgeting
Jerry A. Gianakis 139
8 Changes and Reforms in Tax and Public Revenue Systems
John R. Bartle 159
Part III. Changes in Human Resource Management
9 Human Resource Management Change in State and Local
Government
N. Joseph Cayer and Sandra J. Parkes 183
10 Changing Roles and Duties Within Government’s Human
Resources Profession:Contemporary Models and Challenges
Steven W. Hays 205
11 Changes and Reforms in Public Labor–Management
Relations
Richard C. Kearney 225
12 Developmental Performance Appraisal:Feedback,Interview,
and Disciplinary Techniques
Dennis M. Daley 243
Part IV. Issues in Organizational and General Management
13 Using Strategic Planning to Manage Strategically in the
Public Sector
Frances Stokes Berry 261
14 Productivity Improvement and Public Management
Marc Holzer and Kathe Callahan 291
15 Measuring Government Performance
Kathryn E. Newcomer 321
Contents ix
16 Ethics and Public Management
Donald C. Menzel 349
Part V. Policy Issues and Public Management
17 Win-Win Public Management
Stuart S. Nagel 365
18 Privatization Policy and Public Management
Van R. Johnston and Paul Seidenstat 389
19 Economic Development Policy and Public Management
Kuotsai Tom Liou 405
20 Deregulation Policy and Public Management
John P. Tuman,John Hindera,and Danielle Roth-Johnson 431
Part VI. Reform Experience and Issues
21 Looking Back,Looking Forward:What Did Reinvention Do?
Patricia W. Ingraham and Donald P. Moynihan 447
22 Reforming Public Administration:Including Citizens
Cheryl Simrell King and Camilla Stivers 473
23 Downsizing in the Public Sector:Implications for
Public Administration
Mary Ann Feldheim 493
24 Four Models of Public Sector Change
A. Carol Rusaw 513
25 The New Public Management and Reform
Jamil E. Jreisat 539
Part VII. New Ideas and Markets in Public Management
26 Service Contracting and Alternative Service Delivery:
Theory and Practice
Richard C. Feiock 561
27 The Impact of the New Public Management on
Nonprofit Organizations
Joan E. Pynes and Lisa M. Arndt 573
x Contents
28 Public Policy and the Continuous Improvement Paradigm:
A Plea for the Total Learning Community
Henry B. Thomas 589
29 Rumbling Doubt About Managerial Effectiveness and a Turn
Toward Discourse
Hugh T. Miller,Mohamad Alkadry,and John Donohue 607
30 NGOs and Grass-Roots Organizations in Developing Countries
Keith M. Henderson 619
Part VIII. Changes and Issues in Professional Education and Associations
31 Changes and Reforms in Public Administration Education
Thomas Vocino and Linda C. Wilson 637
32 Issues in Doctoral Education
Jay D. White 663
33 The American Society for Public Administration and the
Field of Public Administration
Mary R. Hamilton 675
34 A Recent History of NASPAA
Michael A. Brintnall 713
35 Recognizing Excellence in Public Administration and Affairs
Education and Practice:Pi Alpha Alpha
Charles W. Washington 725
Index 755