Handbook of Nutrition and Immunity

368 Pages·2004·9.32 MB·English

by  Carlo Selmi

HANDBOOK OF NUTRITION AND IMMUNITY
HANDBOOK
N
OF UTRITION
AND IMMUNITY
Edited by
M.
ERIC GERSHWIN, MD
Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinicallmmunology,
University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
N
PENElOPE ESTEl, phD
Micronutrient Global Leadership Project, Washington, DC
L.
CARl KEEN, PhD
Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA
. . SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS
~ MEDIA,LLC
© 2004 Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Humana Press Inc. in 2004
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2004
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Handbook of nutritian and immunity 1 edited by M. Eric Gershwin, Pene Iope Nestel, Cari L. Keen.
p.; cm.
Includes bib/iographical referenees and index.
ISBN 978-1-4684-9864-6 ISBN 978-1-59259-790-1 (eBook)
DOI 10.10071978-1-59259-790-1
1. Immunity--Nutritional aspects--Handbooks. manuals, etc. 2. Nutrition--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
3. Malnutrition--Immunological aspects--Handbuoks, manuals, etc. 4. Dict therapy--Handbooks, manuals, etc.
[DNLM: 1. Nutrition--Handbooks. 2. Immunity--Handbooks. QU 39 H23578 2004]1. Gershwin, M. Eric,
1946-IL Neste!, Penelope. III. Kecn, Cari L.
QR 18 2.2.N86H36 2004
613.2--de22
2003027639
PREFACE
Several years ago, two of us published a full-length textbook entitled
Nutrition and Immunology: Principles and Practice. The book was aca
demically successful and well received by our peers. Our colleagues
commented that while the book was eminently suitable for a library, there
was still an intellectual need for a more concise volume on nutrition and
immunology for health care providers and scientists working at the inter
face of delivering therapeutic and/or preventive health care. We agreed
and decided that a book focused on issues relevant to laboratory workers
and to developing countries would be valuable. We invited well-known
experts in their fields to contribute a chapter each and asked that they err
on the short rather than the long side and update cited review articles
rather than original papers wherever possible. The Handbook ofN utrition
and Immunity is the culmination of that process. Our intention is that the
book will grow over time and new editions will fill identified voids that
meet the changing needs of health care providers and scientists interested
in the practical aspects related to evaluating nutrition and immunology in
the field. The Handbook of Nutrition and Immunity is for those people
working in both adult and child nutrition throughout the world. It is also
of relevance to those in the pharmaceutical and the food industry who are
interested in developing ways to evaluate both the efficacy and effective
ness of their products.
The goal of this handbook is to make available a short text replete with
useful information. It is not intended to replace our large textbook, but
rather to serve as a fundamental source of practical information that is
immediately useful and that can be updated every few years. As with any
text, there will be errors in omission; the responsibility for these belong
to the editors.
Finally, we express our gratitude to Nikki Phipps, who was so gra
cious in the international communication required and in helping us
assemble the final product.
M. Eric Gershwin, MD
Penelope Nestel, PhD
Carl L. Keen, PhD
v
CONTENTS
Preface .................................................................................................. v
Contributors ........................................................................................ ix
Value-Added EBook/PDA ................................................................. xi
1 Evaluation of the Immune Function
in the Nutritionally At-Risk Patient ....................... I
Carlo Selmi, Pietro Invernizzi, Massimo Zuin,
Aftab A. Ansari, and M. Eric Gershwin
2 The Field Assessment of Nutrition ................................ 19
Michael K. Hendricks and Greg Hussey
3 The Pregnant and Lactating Woman .............................. 49
Rachel Gitau and Suzanne Filteau
4 Severe Undernutrition and Immunity ............................ 71
Alan A. Jackson and Philip C. Calder
5 Infection, Immunity, and Vitamins ................................ 93
Usha Ramakrishnan, Amy L. Webb,
and Karen Ologoudou
6 Trace Elements/Minerals and Immunity ...................... 117
Carl L. Keen, Janet Y. Uriu-Adams,
Jodi L. Ensunsa, and M. Eric Gershwin
7 Dietary Fat and Immunity in Humans ......................... 141
Kent L. Erickson, Darshan S. Kelley,
and Neil E. Hubbard
8 Allergies and Nutrition ................................................. 153
Christopher Chang
9 Antioxidant Nutrition and Immunity ........................... 187
Laurence S. Harbige and M. Eric Gershwin
10 Probiotics and Prebiotics .............................................. 213
Andrea T. Borchers, Carl L. Keen, and
M. Eric Gershwin
11 Malaria and Immunity .................................................. 243
Clara Menendez and Carlota Dobaiio
vii
viii Contents
12 Acute Respiratory Infections ....................................... 265
Ian D. Riley
13 Diarrhea and Other Gastrointestinal Diseases ............. 287
Douglas L. Taren
14 HIV ............................................................................... 303
Annamaria Kiure and Wafaie Fawzi
15 Summary and Future Directions .................................. 339
Penelope Nestel and Ritu Nalubola
Index ................................................................................................. 357
CONTRIBUTORS
ArrAB A. ANSARI, PhD, Department of Pathology, Emory University
School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
ANDREA T. BORCHERS, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and
Clinical Immunology, University of California School of Medicine,
Davis, CA
PHILIP C. CALDER, PhD, Institute of Human Nutrition, University
of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton,
England
CHRISTOPHER CHANG, MD, PhD, Pacific Coast Allergy, Crescent City, CA
CARLOTA DOBANO, PhD, Center for International Health, University
of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
JODI L. ENSUNSA, MS, Department of Nutrition, University of California,
Davis, CA
KENT L. ERICKSON, PhD, Department of Cell Biology and Human
Anatomy, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
WAFAIE FAWZI, MBBS, PhD, Departments of Nutrition and Epidemiol
ogy, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
SUZANNE FILTEAU, PhD, Centre for International Child Health, Institute
of Child Health, London, England
M. ERIC GERSHWIN, MD, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical
Immunology, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
RACHEL GITAU, PhD, Centre for International Child Health, Institute of
Child Health, London, England
LAURENCE S. HARBIGE, PhD, School of Chemical and Life Sciences,
University of Greenwich, Medway, Kent, England
MICHAEL K. HENDRICKS, MD, Child Health Unit, School of Child and
Adolescent Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South
Africa
NEIL E. HUBBARD, PhD, Department of Cell Biology and Human
Anatomy, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
GREG HUSSEY, MD, Child Health Unit, School of Child and Adolescent
Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
PIETRO INVERNIZZI, MD, PhD, Division of Internal Medicine, San Paolo
School of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
ix
x Contributors
ALAN A. JACKSON, MD, Institute of Human Nutrition. University of
Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton,
England
CARL L. KEEN, PhD, Department of Nutrition, University of California,
Davis, CA
DARSHAN S. KELLEY, PhD, Western Human Nutrition Research Center,
Animal Resources Service, United States Department ofA griculture,
Davis, CA
ANNAMARIA KIURE, MD, SM, Departments of Nutrition and
Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA
CLARA MENENDEZ, MD, PhD, Center for International Health, University
of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Rrru NALUBOLA, PhD, South Shafer Drive, Tempe, AZ
PENELOPE NESTEL, PhD, Micronutrient Global Leadership Project,
Washington, DC
KAREN OLOGOUDOU, BS, Nutrition and Health Sciences Program,
Graduate Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory
University, Atlanta, GA
USHA RAMAKRISHNAN, PhD, Department of International Health,
Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
IAN D. RILEY, MD, Australian Centre for International and Tropical
Health and Nutrition, School of Population Health, University of
Queensland, Australia
CARLO SELMI, MD, PhD, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy, and Clinical
Immunology, University of California School of Medicine, Davis, CA
DOUGLAS L. TAREN, PhD, Mel and Enid Zuckerman Arizona College of
Public Health, University ofA rizona, Tucson, AZ
JANET Y. URIU-ADAMS, PhD, Department of Nutrition, University of
California, Davis, CA
AMY L. WEBB, BS, Nutrition and Health Sciences Program, Graduate
Division of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Emory University,
Atlanta, GA
MASSIMO ZUIN, MD, Division of Internal Medicine, San Paolo School
of Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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