Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition PDF
Preview Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition
ENGINEERING – CHEMICAL AND INDUSTRIAL Mujumdar Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition Handbook of “This is the ‘bible’ of drying technologies, without any other comparable publications. The IH continuous update of the contents and contributors has maintained the book’s quality and n relevance to the ongoing development of drying.” a d —Professor Bhesh Bhandari, The University of Queensland, Industrial Drying n Brisbane, Australia u d “The Fourth Edition of this handbook provides updates to the previous edition and includes s 12 new chapters, which greatly increase the value of the publication. It should be b t emphasized that the authors of the individual chapters are specialists representing all Fourth Edition r continents of our globe, [making] the whole handbook useful in every region with different o i requirements and technological possibilities.” ao —Janusz Adamiec, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Poland (Retired) lk By far the most commonly encountered and energy-intensive unit operation in almost D all industrial sectors, industrial drying continues to attract the interest of scientists, o researchers, and engineers. The Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition not only delivers r a comprehensive treatment of the current state of the art, but also serves as a consultative f y reference for streamlining industrial drying operations. i New to the Fourth Edition: n • Computational fluid dynamic simulation • Solar, impingement, and pulse combustion drying g • Drying of fruits, vegetables, sugar, biomass, and coal • Physicochemical aspects of sludge drying • Life-cycle assessment of drying systems Covering commonly encountered dryers as well as innovative dryers with future potential, Fourth Edited by the Handbook of Industrial Drying, Fourth Edition not only details the latest developments in the field, but also explains how improvements in dryer design and operation can increase Edition Arun S. Mujumdar energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. K20788 6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487 711 Third Avenue an informa business New York, NY 10017 2 Park Square, Milton Park www.taylorandfrancisgroup.com Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN, UK Handbook of Industrial Drying Fourth Edition Handbook of Industrial Drying Fourth Edition Edited by Arun S. Mujumdar Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business MATLAB® is a trademark of The MathWorks, Inc. and is used with permission. The MathWorks does not warrant the accuracy of the text or exercises in this book. This book’s use or discussion of MATLAB® software or related products does not constitute endorsement or sponsorship by The MathWorks of a particular pedagogical approach or particular use of the MATLAB® software. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2015 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Version Date: 20140605 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4665-9666-5 (eBook - PDF) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or the consequences of their use. The authors and publishers have attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. If any copyright material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint. 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Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com Contents Foreword to the Third Edition .....................................................................................................................................................xi Foreword to the Second Edition .................................................................................................................................................xiii Foreword to the First Edition ......................................................................................................................................................xv Preface to the Fourth Edition ....................................................................................................................................................xvii Preface to the Third Edition ......................................................................................................................................................xix Preface to the Second Edition ....................................................................................................................................................xxi Preface to the First Edition ......................................................................................................................................................xxiii Editor ........................................................................................................................................................................................xxv Contributors ............................................................................................................................................................................xxvii Section i Fundamental Aspects Chapter 1 Principles, Classification, and Selection of Dryers .................................................................................................3 Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 2 Experimental Techniques in Drying .....................................................................................................................31 Károly Molnár Chapter 3 Basic Process Calculations and Simulations in Drying ........................................................................................51 Zdzisław Pakowski and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 4 Transport Properties in the Drying of Solids ........................................................................................................77 Dimitris Marinos-Kouris and Z.B. Maroulis Chapter 5 Spreadsheet-Aided Dryer Design .........................................................................................................................111 Z.B. Maroulis, G.D. Saravacos, and Arun S. Mujumdar Section ii Description of Various Dryer types Chapter 6 Indirect Dryers ....................................................................................................................................................127 Sakamon Devahastin and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 7 Rotary Drying .....................................................................................................................................................139 Magdalini Krokida, Dimitris Marinos-Kouris, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 8 Fluidized Bed Dryers ...........................................................................................................................................161 Chung Lim Law and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 9 Industrial Spray Drying Systems .........................................................................................................................191 Iva Filková, Li Xin Huang, and Arun S. Mujumdar v vi Contents Chapter 10 Theoretical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Spray Drying Processes ...................................................227 Maksim Mezhericher, Avi Levy, and Irene Borde Chapter 11 Drum Dryers .......................................................................................................................................................249 Wan Ramli Wan Daud Chapter 12 Freeze Drying ......................................................................................................................................................259 Athanasios I. Liapis and Roberto Bruttini Chapter 13 Microwave and Dielectric Drying .......................................................................................................................283 Robert F. Schiffmann Chapter 14 Solar Drying ........................................................................................................................................................303 László Imre Chapter 15 Spouted Bed Drying .............................................................................................................................................351 Elizabeth Pallai, Tibor Szentmarjay, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 16 Impingement Drying ...........................................................................................................................................371 Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 17 Pneumatic and Flash Drying ...............................................................................................................................381 Avi Levy and Irene Borde Chapter 18 Conveyor Dryers ..................................................................................................................................................393 Dan Poirier Chapter 19 Infrared Drying ...................................................................................................................................................405 Cristina Ratti and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 20 Superheated Steam Drying .................................................................................................................................421 Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 21 Special Drying Techniques and Novel Dryers ....................................................................................................433 Tadeusz Kudra and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 22 Intermittent Drying .............................................................................................................................................491 Karim Allaf, Sabah Mounir, Mohamed Negm, Tamara Allaf, Hanintsoa Ferrasse, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 23 Pulse Combustion Drying ...................................................................................................................................503 Wu Zhonghua Contents vii Section iii Drying in Various industrial Sectors Chapter 24 Drying of Foodstuffs ...........................................................................................................................................521 Shahab Sokhansanj and Digvir S. Jayas Chapter 25 Drying of Fish and Seafood ................................................................................................................................545 M. Shafiur Rahman Chapter 26 Grain Drying .......................................................................................................................................................557 Vijaya G.S. Raghavan and Venkatesh Sosle Chapter 27 Grain Property Values and Their Measurement .................................................................................................567 Digvir S. Jayas and Stefan Cenkowski Chapter 28 Drying of Rice .....................................................................................................................................................595 Somkiat Prachayawarakorn, Chaiyong Taechapairoj, Adisak Nathakaranakule, Sakamon Devahastin, and Somchart Soponronnarit Chapter 29 Drying of Fruits and Vegetables ..........................................................................................................................611 K.S. Jayaraman and D.K. Das Gupta Chapter 30 Drying of Herbal Medicines and Tea ..................................................................................................................637 Guohua Chen and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 31 Drying of Potato, Sweet Potato, and Other Roots ...............................................................................................647 Shyam S. Sablani and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 32 Osmotic Dehydration of Fruits and Vegetables ...................................................................................................661 Piotr P. Lewicki and Andrzej Lenart Chapter 33 Drying of Pharmaceutical Products ....................................................................................................................681 Zdzisław Pakowski and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 34 Drying of Nanosize Products ..............................................................................................................................703 Baohe Wang, Li Xin Huang, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 35 Drying of Ceramics ..............................................................................................................................................717 Yoshinori Itaya, Shigekatsu Mori, and Masanobu Hasatani Chapter 36 Drying of Peat and Biofuels ................................................................................................................................729 Roland Wimmerstedt viii Contents Chapter 37 Drying of Fibrous Materials ................................................................................................................................739 Roger B. Keey Chapter 38 Drying of Textile Products ..................................................................................................................................763 Wallace W. Carr, H. Stephen Lee, and Hyunyoung Ok Chapter 39 Drying of Pulp and Paper ....................................................................................................................................773 Osman Polat and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 40 Drying of Wood: Principles and Practices ..........................................................................................................797 Patrick Perré and Roger B. Keey Chapter 41 Biomass Drying for an Integrated Bioenergy Plant ............................................................................................847 Shusheng Pang Chapter 42 Drying in Mineral Processing .............................................................................................................................861 Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 43 Dewatering and Drying of Wastewater Treatment Sludge ..................................................................................867 Guohua Chen, Po Lock Yue, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 44 Physicochemical Aspects of Sludge Drying .......................................................................................................883 Tolga Tunçal, Sachin V. Jangam, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 45 Drying of Biotechnological Products ..................................................................................................................895 Janusz Adamiec, Władysław Kamin´ski, Adam S. Markowski, and Czesław Strumiłło Chapter 46 Drying of Coated Webs ........................................................................................................................................917 James Y. Hung, Richard J. Wimberger, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 47 Drying of Polymers .............................................................................................................................................937 Arun S. Mujumdar and Mainul Hasan Chapter 48 Drying of Enzymes .............................................................................................................................................961 Ana M.R. Pilosof and Virginia E. Sánchez Chapter 49 Drying and Denaturation of Proteins in Spray Drying Process ..........................................................................971 M. Amdadul Haque and Benu Adhikari Chapter 50 Product Functionality-Oriented Drying Process Related to Pharmaceutical Particles Engineering ..................985 Meng Wai Woo and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 51 Drying of Coal ....................................................................................................................................................999 Arun S. Mujumdar, Sachin V. Jangam, and Jerzy Pikon´ Contents ix Section iV Miscellaneous topics in industrial Drying Chapter 52 Dryer Feeding Systems .....................................................................................................................................1025 Rami Y. Jumah and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 53 Dryer Emission Control Systems ......................................................................................................................1045 Rami Y. Jumah and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 54 Energy Aspects in Drying .................................................................................................................................1077 Czesław Strumiłło, Peter L. Jones, and Romuald Żyłła Chapter 55 Heat Pump Drying Systems ...............................................................................................................................1101 Chou Siaw Kiang and Chua Kian Jon Chapter 56 Safety Aspects of Industrial Dryers ...................................................................................................................1127 Adam S. Markowski and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 57 Control of Industrial Dryers ...............................................................................................................................1153 Rami Y. Jumah, Arun S. Mujumdar, and Vijaya G.S. Raghavan Chapter 58 Solid–Liquid Separation for Pretreatment of Drying Operation .......................................................................1171 Mompei Shirato and Masashi Iwata Chapter 59 Frying of Foods ..................................................................................................................................................1189 Vassiliki Oreopoulou, Magdalini Krokida, and Dimitris Marinos-Kouris Chapter 60 Simprosys: Software for Dryer Calculations .....................................................................................................1209 Zhen-Xiang Gong, Sachin V. Jangam, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 61 Life Cycle Assessment of Drying Systems .......................................................................................................1229 Nawshad Haque, Sachin V. Jangam, and Arun S. Mujumdar Chapter 62 Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical Aspects of Drying ................................................................................................1239 Stefan Jan Kowalski and Andrzej Rybicki Chapter 63 Supercritical Fluid-Assisted Drying ...................................................................................................................1261 Marzouk Benali and Yacine Boumghar Chapter 64 Industrial Crystallization ..................................................................................................................................1271 Seppo Palosaari, Marjatta Louhi-Kultanen, and Zuoliang Sha Chapter 65 Cost-Estimation Methods for Dryers and Drying Processes ............................................................................1291 Tadeusz Kudra Index .......................................................................................................................................................................................1303
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