Table Of Content

Thank you for purchasing this e-book. To receive special offers and news about our latest products, sign up below. Sign Up Or visit LWW.com H A N D B O O K O F CLINICAL AUDIOLOGY SEVENTH EDITION H A N D B O O K O F CLINICAL AUDIOLOGY SEVENTH EDITION EDITOR-IN-CHIEF EDITORS JACK KATZ, Ph.D. MARSHALL CHASIN, Au.D. Director of Auditory Research Director Musician’s Clinics of Canada Auditory Processing Service Toronto, Ontario, Canada Prairie Village, Kansas and Research Professor KRISTINA ENGLISH, Ph.D. University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City, Kansas and Professor Emeritus Professor and Interim School Director University at Buffalo School of Speech Pathology and Audiology State University of New York University of Akron/NOAC Buffalo, New York Akron, Ohio LINDA J. HOOD, Ph.D. Professor Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Center Vanderbilt University Nashville, Tennessee, USA Honorary Professor University of Queensland Brisbane, Australia KIM L. TILLERY, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Department of Communication Disorders & Sciences State University of New York at Fredonia Fredonia, New York Acquisitions Editor: Michael Nobel Product Development Editor: Linda G. Francis Marketing Manager: Leah Thomson Editorial Assistant: Tish Rogers Production Project Manager: Priscilla Crater Design Coordinator: Stephen Druding Illustration Coordinator: Jennifer Clements Manufacturing Coordinator: Margie Orzech Prepress Vendor: Aptara, Inc. 7th edition Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health Copyright © 2009, 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Copyright © 1993, 1985, 1978, 1972 Williams & Wilkins. Two Commerce Square 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA LWW.com Not authorised for sale in United States, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, or U.S. Virgin Islands. All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmit- ted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Wolters Kluwer Health at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at [email protected], or via our website at lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Handbook of clinical audiology / editor-in-chief, Jack Katz ; editors, Marshall Chasin, Kristina English, Linda J. Hood, Kim L. Tillery. – Seventh edition. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-4511-9163-9 I. Katz, Jack, editor. II. Chasin, Marshall, editor. III. English, Kristina M., 1951- editor. IV. Hood, Linda J., editor. V. Tillery, Kim L., editor. [DNLM: 1. Hearing Disorders. 2. Hearing–physiology. WV 270] RF291 617.8–dc23 2014014240 Care has been taken to confirm the accuracy of the information presented and to describe generally accepted practices. However, the authors, editors, and publisher are not responsible for errors or omissions or for any consequences from application of the information in this book and make no warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the currency, completeness, or accuracy of the contents of the publication. Application of this information in a particular situation remains the professional responsibility of the practitioner; the clinical treatments described and recommended may not be considered absolute and universal recommendations. The authors, editors, and publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accordance with the current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any change in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly impor- tant when the recommended agent is a new or infrequently employed drug. Some drugs and medical devices presented in this publication have Food and Drug Administration (FDA) clearance for limited use in restricted research settings. It is the responsibility of the health care provider to ascertain the FDA status of each drug or device planned for use in his or her clinical practice. LWW.com C O N T R I B U T O R S DANIEL ARTHUR ABRAMS, Ph.D. MARSHALL CHASIN, Au.D. Research Associate, Department of Psychology and Director of Research Behavioral Sciences Musicians’ Clinics of Canada Stanford University Toronto, Ontario, Canada Palo Alto, California LAUREL A. CHRISTENSEN, Ph.D. ANGELA LOUCKS ALEXANDER, Au.D. Chief Audiology Officer Director, Taupo Audiology and Auditory Processing Network Vice President, Research and Development Taupo, New Zealand GN ReSound Group Glenview, Illinois EDOARDO ARSLAN, M.D.* Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy JOHN GREER CLARK, Ph.D. Service of Audiology and Phoniatrics, Treviso Regional Hospital, Associate Professor, Department of Communication Piazza Ospedale,Treviso, Italy Sciences and Disorders University of Cincinnati A.U. BANKAITIS, Ph.D. Cincinnati, Ohio Vice President, Oaktree Products, Inc. President, Clark Audiology, LLC St. Louis, Missouri Middletown, Ohio JANE A. BARAN, Ph.D. CHRISTOPHER GRAY CLINARD, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Assistant Professor Department of Communication Disorders Department of Communication Science & Disorders University of Massachusetts Amherst James Madison University Amherst, Massachusetts Harrisonburg, Virginia DOUGLAS L. BECK, Au.D. CLAUDIA BARROS COELHO, M.D., Ph.D. Director of Professional Relations, Oticon, Inc. Research Scientist Somerset, New Jersey Department of Otolaryngology Web Content Editor, American Academy of Audiology University of Iowa Reston, Virginia Iowa City, Iowa LINDSAY BONDURANT, Ph.D. WILLIAM COLE, B.a.Sc., P.Eng. Assistant Professor of Audiology, Communication President Sciences and Disorders Audioscan Division of Etymonic Design, Inc. Illinois State University Dorchester and Normal, Illinois Adjunct Associate Professor CARMEN BREWER, Ph.D. School of Communication Science and Disorders Chief Research Audiologist, Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Western University Branch London, Ontario, Canada National Institute on Deafness and other Communication BARBARA CONE, Ph.D. Disorders Professor Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences National Institutes of Health The University of Arizona Bethesda, Maryland Tucson, Arizona ROBERT BURKARD, Ph.D. ALLAN O. DIEFENDORF, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Department of Rehabilitation Science Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck University at Buffalo Surgery State University of New York Indiana University School of Medicine Buffalo, New York Director, Audiology and Speech/Language Pathology ANTHONY T. CACACE, Ph.D. Indiana University Health Professor Indianapolis, Indiana Communication Sciences and Disorders ANDREW DIMITRIJEVIC, Ph.D. Wayne State University Assistant Professor Detroit, Michigan Communication Sciences Research Center Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Department of Otolaryngology, University of Cincinnati *Deceased Cincinnati, Ohio vv vi Contributors RACHEL N. DINGLE, Ph.D. SAMANTHA GUSTAFSON, Au.D. Student, School of Communication Sciences and Disorders Ph.D. Student, Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences Western University Vanderbilt University London, Ontario, Canada Nashville, Tennessee MANUEL DON, Ph.D. TROY HALE, Au.D. Head, Electrophysiology Department, Scientist III (retired) House Assistant Professor, Audiology Research Institute Los Angeles, California AT Still University Director, AFA Balance and Hearing Institute M. PATRICK FEENEY, Ph.D. Mesa, Arizona Professor, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery MELANIE HERZFELD, Au.D. Oregon Health and Science University Practice Owner Hearing and Tinnitus Center Director, Veterans Affairs National Center for Rehabilitative Woodbury, New York Auditory Research THERESA HNATH-CHISOLM, Ph.D. Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center Professor and Chair, Communication Sciences and Disorders Portland, Oregon University of South Florida JEANANE FERRE, Ph.D. Tampa, Florida Adjunct Faculty LINDA J. HOOD, Ph.D. Communication Sciences & Disorders Professor Northwestern University Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences Evanston, and Vanderbilt Bill Wilkerson Center Audiologist, Central Auditory Evaluation and Treatment Vanderbilt University Oak Park, Illinois Nashville, Tennessee, USA TRACY S. FITZGERALD, Ph.D. Honorary Professor Staff Scientist/Director, Mouse Auditory Testing Core Facility University of Queensland National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Brisbane, Australia Disorders LISA L. HUNTER, Ph.D. National Institutes of Health Associate Professor Bethesda, Maryland Department of Otolaryngology and Communication BRIAN J. FLIGOR, Sc.D. Sciences and Disorders Chief Audiology Officer University of Cincinnati Lantos Technologies, Inc. Scientific Director, Department of Audiology Wakefield, Massachusetts Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati, Ohio RICHARD E. GANS, Ph.D. Founder & CEO ANDREW B. JOHN, Ph.D. The American Institute of Balance (ABI) Assistant Professor Largo, Florida Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders College of Allied Health DOUGLAS B. GARRISON, Au.D. University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Director, Duke Vestibular Lab Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Duke University Health System ANDREW B. JOHN, Ph.D. Durham, North Carolina Assistant Professor, Communication Sciences and Disorders University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center JENNIFER E. GONZALEZ, B.A.Au.D./Ph.D. Oklahoma City, Oklahoma Candidate, Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences CHERYL DeCONDE JOHNSON, Ed.D. University of Connecticut Private Consulting Practice Storrs, Connecticut The ADVantage Auditory-Deaf Education Consulting JENNIFER GROTH, M.A. Leadville, Colorado Director, Audiology Communications Research and Developement HYUNG JIN JUN, M.D., Ph.D. GN ReSound Group Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Glenview, Illinois Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine Seoul, South Korea Contributors vii JACK KATZ, Ph.D. RICK NEITZEL, Ph.D. Director Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Auditory Processing Service Health Sciences Prairie Village, Kansas University of Michigan and Research Professor Ann Arbor, Michigan University of Kansas Medical Center PEGGY NELSON, Ph.D. Kansas City, Kansas and Professor Emeritus Professor, Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences University at Buffalo University of Minnesota State University of New York Minneapolis, Minnesota Buffalo, New York WILLIAM NOBLE, Ph.D. WILLIAM JOSEPH KEITH, Ph.D. Psychology Director, SoundSkills Auditory Processing Clinic School of Behavioural, Cognitive and Social Sciences Auckland, New Zealand University of New England PAUL KILENY, Ph.D. Armidale, Australia Professor and Academic Program Director, Audiology TABITHA PARENT-BUCK, Au.D. Otolaryngology, Head-and-Neck Surgery Chair, Audiology Department University of Michigan AT Still University Ann Arbor, Michigan Audiologist, AFA Balance and Hearing Institute KELLY KING, Ph.D. Mesa, Arizona Research Audiologist DENNIS P. PHILLIPS, Ph.D. Audiology Unit, Otolaryngology Branch National Institute on Professor, Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Dalhousie University National Institutes of Health Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Bethesda, Maryland ERIN G. PIKER, Ph.D. NINA KRAUS, Ph.D. Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery-Division of Hugh Knowles Professor, Communication Sciences Otolaryngology and Disorders Duke University Northwestern University Durham, North Carolina Evanston, Illinois BETH A. PRIEVE, Ph.D. BRIAN KREISMAN, M.D., Ph.D Professor, Communication Sciences and Disorders Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology Syracuse University Calvin College Syracuse, New York Grand Rapids, Michigan EVELING ROJAS RONCANCIO, M.D. FREDERICK N. MARTIN, Ph.D. Department of Otolaryngology Lillie Hage Jamail Centennial Professor Emeritus University of Iowa Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders Iowa City, Iowa The University of Texas at Austin Austin, Texas CHRIS SANFORD, Ph.D. Assistant Professor RACHEL McARDLE, Ph.D. Communication Sciences and Disorders Associate Professor, Communication Sciences and Disorders Idaho State University University of South Florida Pocatello, Idaho Tampa, Florida Chief, Audiology and Speech Pathology ROSAMARIA SANTARELLI, Ph.D., M.D. Bay Pines Veterans Affairs Healthcare System Department of Neuroscience Bay Pines, Florida University of Padova Padova, and JOSEPH J. MONTANO, Ed.D. Deputy Director of Audiology and Phoniatrics Associate Professor of Audiology Treviso Regional Hospital Department of Otolaryngology Treviso, Italy Weill Cornell Medical College New York, New York KIM SUZETTE SCHAIRER, Ph.D. Adjunct Faculty, Department of Audiology and FRANK E. MUSIEK, Ph.D. Speech-Language Pathology Professor, Speech Language and Hearing Sciences East Tennessee State University University of Connecticut Johnson City Storrs, Connecticut Audiologist, Department of Audiology James H. Quillen Veterans Affairs Medical Center Mountain Home, Tennessee viii Contributors ROBERT S. SCHLAUCH, Ph.D. RICHARD S. TYLER, Ph.D. Professor Professor, Department of Otolaryngology Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences University of Iowa University of Minnesota Iowa City, Iowa Minneapolis, MN KRISTIN M. UHLER, Ph.D. SUSAN SCOLLIE, Ph.D. Assistant Professor Associate Professor School of Communication School of Medicine Sciences and Disorders Department of Otolaryngology Western University, University of Colorado Denver London, Ontario, Canada MICHAEL VALENTE, Ph.D. JOSEPH SMALDINO, Ph.D. Director of Adult Audiology Professor, Communication Sciences and Disorders Department of Otolaryngology Illinois State University Washington University School of Medicine Normal, Illinois St. Louis, Missouri JENNIFER L. SMART, Ph.D. MAUREEN VALENTE, Ph.D. Associate Professor, Audiology, Speech-Language Pathology Director of Audiology Studies and Deaf Studies Program in Audiology and Communication Sciences Towson University Associate Professor Towson, Maryland Department of Otolaryngology Washington University School of Medicine CARRIE SPANGLER, Au.D. St. Louis, Missouri Educational Audiology Clinician School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology BARBARA E. WEINSTEIN, Ph.D. The University of Akron Professor and Founding Executive Officer Akron, Ohio Health Sciences Doctoral Programs, Au.D. Program Graduate Center, City University of New York JAMES R. STEIGER, Ph.D. New York, New York Professor School of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology KARL R. WHITE, Ph.D. The University of Akron; Northeast Ohio AuD Consortium Director, National Center for Hearing Assessment and Aakron, Ohio Management Emma Eccles Jones Endowed Chair in Early Childhood Education DE WET SWANEPOEL, Ph.D. Professor of Psychology Professor, Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology Utah State University University of Pretoria Logan, Utah Pretoria, South Africa Adjunct Professor, Ear Sciences Centre, School of Surgery LAURA ANN WILBER, Ph.D. The University of Western Australia Professor Emeritus, Communication Sciences and Disorders Perth, Australia Northwestern University Evanston, Illinois ANNE MARIE THARPE, Ph.D. Professor and Chair, Department of Hearing and WILLIAM S. YACULLO, Ph.D. Speech Sciences Professor, Communication Disorders Vanderbilt University Governors State University Nashville, Tennessee University Park, Illinois KIM L. TILLERY, Ph.D. CHRISTINE YOSHINAGA-ITANO, Ph.D. Professor and Chair Professor, Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Department of Communication Disorders & Sciences University of Colorado, Boulder State University of New York at Fredonia Boulder, Colorado Fredonia, New York TERESA A. ZWOLAN, Ph.D. HENRY P. TRAHAN, Au.D. Professor, Otolaryngology Assistant Professor, Audiology University of Michigan AT Still University Ann Arbor, Michigan Mesa, Arizona KELLY TREMBLAY, Ph.D. Professor, Speech and Hearing Sciences University of Washington