of cholesterol Biology, function and role in health c and diseases h o l e s t e r o l ISBN 978-90-8686-276-4 edited by: Human Health Handbooks no. 11 Ronald Ross Watson ISSN 2212-375X Fabien de Meester Wageningen Academic P u b l i s h e r s Wageningen Academic P u b l i s h e r s Handbook of cholesterol Handbook of cholesterol Biology, function and role in health and diseases Edited by: Ronald Ross Watson Fabien de Meester Human Health Handbooks no. 11 ISSN 2212-375X Wageningen Academic P u b l i s h e r s Buy a print copy of this book at www.WageningenAcademic.com/HHH10 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned. Nothing from this publication may be translated, reproduced, stored in a computerised system or published in any form or in any manner, including electronic, mechanical, reprographic or photographic, without prior written permission from the publisher: Wageningen Academic Publishers P.O. Box 220 6700 AE Wageningen The Netherlands EAN: 9789086862764 www.WageningenAcademic.com e-EAN: 9789086868216 [email protected] ISBN: 978-90-8686-276-4 e-ISBN: 978-90-8686-821-6 The individual contributions in this DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-821-6 publication and any liabilities arising from them remain the responsibility of the authors. First published, 2016 The publisher is not responsible for possible ©Wageningen Academic Publishers damages, which could be a result of content The Netherlands, 2016 derived from this publication. Table of contents Acknowledgements 11 Preface 13 Fabien De Meester and Ronald Ross Watson, editors Cholesterol and neurological functions 1. Hypercholesterolemia: a disease of the brain 17 R.B. Singh, M.A. Niaz, T. Takahashi, F. De Meester, A. Wilczynska, B. Saboo, A. Maheshwari, G. Cornelissen, J. Singh and I.G. Telessy 2. Cholesterol and cognitive functioning in persons free from stroke and dementia 37 G.E. Crichton, K.J. Sullivan and M.F. Elias 3. The role of cholesterol in disorders of brain and behavior: human and animal perspectives 53 R.J. Stevenson and H.M. Francis Cholesterol and cardiovascular health 4. Macrophage deposition of extracellular lipid particles with microdomains of ordered cholesterol arrays 73 X. Jin and H.S. Kruth 5. Cellular cholesterol retention in atherosclerosis and direct anti-atherosclerosis therapy 89 A.N. Orekhov, E.A. Ivanova and Y.V. Bobryshev 6. Dietary cholesterol and the lack of evidence on heart disease risk 101 M.L. Fernandez and C. Blesso 7. Cholesterol: the most misunderstood marker 117 B. Lands 8. Sphingosine-1-phosphate-rich high-density lipoprotein in cardiovascular health and disease 137 E.E.A. Egom 9. Statins in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases 155 C.H. Hennekens, E.H. Lieberman, M.H. Rubenstein, P.R. Hebert, D.L. DeMets and M.A. Pfeffer Handbook of cholesterol 7 Table of contents Cholesterol: metabolism and health 10. Cholesterol content and health effects in free range, organic and conventionally raised poultry and eggs 181 C. Wynn, T. Williams, O. Allen and P. Inserra 11. Cholesterol and fatty acid content and health effects in grass-fed and conventionally raised grain-fed beef 191 P. Inserra, J.C. Shultz and C. Wynn 12. Some chronobiological investigations relevant to cholesterol 203 G. Cornelissen, R. Singh, R.K. Singh, R.B. Singh and F. de Meester 13. Cholesterol and the etiology of malaria 235 O.C. Obode, O.L. Erukainure, I.L. Eboagwu, D.N. Ibekwe, D.O. Akinyele, O. Oluwole and G. Elemo 14. Familial hypercholesterolemia 243 L. Vladimirova-Kitova and S. Kitov Structure and function of body organs 15. Cholesterol-containing foods for children and adolescents: recommendations catching up with research 269 K.S. Kubena and W.A. McIntosh 16. The relationship between cholesterol metabolism and inflammation in chronic disease 297 C.J. Andersen, A. Doerr, K.E. Murphy and T. McNeely 17. Cellular cholesterol retention in atherosclerosis 317 H.I.H. El-Sayyad 18. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol, triglycerides and cardiometabolic disease 335 B.S. Muhlhausler, and G.E. Leghi 19. Cholesterol: chemistry, cancer metabolism and tumorigenesis 355 O.L. Erukainure, A. Muhammad, E.E. Okoro, O.C. Obode, M.Z. Zaruwa and G.N. Elemo 20. Bariatric surgery for modified cholesterol metabolism 367 A. Benetti, S.G. Garbossa and A.E. Pontiroli 8 Handbook of cholesterol Table of contents 21. Why measuring cholesterol is obsolete and costly 375 P.J. Rosch Cholesterol modification by dietary components 22. Egg yolk cholesterol and its functions in human health 399 E.D.N.S. Abeyrathne, S.M.C. Himali and D.U. Ahn 23. The eggs and cholesterol: a liability or an opportunity? 413 V. Guyonnet and H. Jing 24. Cholesterol and vitamin D: how the ‘mother’ and ‘daughter’ molecules interact 427 B. Nkooyeh and T.R. Neyestani 25. Antioxidant system regulation: from vitamins to vitagenes 451 P.F. Surai and V.I. Fisinin Index 483 About the editors 493 Handbook of cholesterol 9