Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology PDF
Preview Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology
Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology Handbook of Cardiac Electrophysiology Second Edition Edited by Andrea Natale Oussama M. Wazni Kalyanam Shivkumar Francis E. Marchlinski CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-2439-9 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. While all reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. 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For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright. com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registration for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged. Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at http://www.taylorandfrancis.com and the CRC Press Web site at http://www.crcpress.com CONTENTS Preface ix Acknowledgments x Editors xi Contributors xiv SECTION I Basic EP Laboratory Setup and Equipment 1 DEVICE LAB SET-UP 2 John Lopez and Mina K. Chung 2 ORGANIZATION OF THE ARRHYTHMIA LAB 6 Roy Chung and Oussama M. Wazni 3 HOLTER AND EVENT MONITOR LABORATORY SETUP 13 Roy Chung, Daniel Cantillon, and Mina K. Chung SECTION II Bradyarrhythmia 4 BRADYCARDIA 36 Shiv Bagga and Mandeep Bhargava 5 INDICATIONS FOR PERMANENT PACING AND CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY 48 Shiv Bagga, J. David Burkhardt, and Mandeep Bhargava SECTION III Supraventricular Tachyarrhythmia 6 ATRIAL FLUTTER 68 Ayman A. Hussein and Oussama M. Wazni 7 ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 81 Rong Bai, Mohamed Salim, Luigi Di Biase, Robert Schweikert, and Walid Saliba v SECTION IV Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia 8 GENETICALLY DETERMINED VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS 94 Houman Khakpour and Jason S. Bradfield 9 IDIOPATHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA 116 Jackson J. Liang and David S. Frankel SECTION V Syncope 10 SYNCOPE EVENTS, DEFINITIONS, CAUSES, AND FEATURES 126 Subramanya Prasad, Oussama M. Wazni, Mina K. Chung, Kenneth Mayuga, and Robert Schweikert 11 SYNCOPE MANAGEMENT FACILITIES 143 Subramanya Prasad, Robert Schweikert, Mina K. Chung, Kenneth Mayuga, and Oussama M. Wazni 12 SYNCOPE MANAGEMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC TESTING 150 Subramanya Prasad, Oussama M. Wazni, Robert Schweikert, Kenneth Mayuga, and Mina K. Chung SECTION VI Device Procedures 13 IMPLANTATION OF PACEMAKERS AND ICDs 164 Kushwin Rajamani, Michael P. Brunner, Oussama M. Wazni, and Bruce L. Wilkoff 14 LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD IMPLANTATION FOR CARDIAC RESYNCHRONIZATION THERAPY 172 Kushwin Rajamani, Michael P. Brunner, Oussama M. Wazni, and Bruce L. Wilkoff 15 EXTRACTION OF DEVICES 182 Oussama M. Wazni and Bruce L. Wilkoff vi Contents SECTION VII Performing Basic EP Studies 16 VENOUS AND ARTERIAL ACCESS, EP CATHETERS, POSITIONING OF CATHETERS 190 Ching Chi Keong, J. David Burkhardt, Thomas Dresing, and Andrea Natale 17 BASIC INTRACARDIAC INTERVALS 198 Duc H. Do and Noel G. Boyle 18 BASICS OF ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY STUDY 203 Jonathan R. Hoffman and Marmar Vaseghi 19 HEAD-UP TILT (HUT) TABLE TESTING 212 Subramanya Prasad, Amer Kadri, J. David Burkhardt, Thomas Dresing, and Kenneth Mayuga SECTION VIII Catheter Ablation Techniques 20 ABLATION OF SVT (AVNRT AND AVRT) 224 Kushwin Rajamani and Patrick Tchou 21 MANAGEMENT AND ABLATION OF ATRIAL FLUTTER 238 Carola Gianni, Amin Al-Ahmad, and Andrea Natale 22 RADIOFREQUENCY ABLATION OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION 261 Jorge Romero, Carola Gianni, Sanghamitra Mohanty, Chintan Trivedi, Domenico G. Della Rocca, Andrea Natale, and Luigi Di Biase 23 VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS IN THE STRUCTURALLY NORMAL HEART 272 Andres Enriquez and Fermin Garcia 24 CATHETER ABLATION OF VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION AND POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA 289 Amin Al-Ahmad, Carola Gianni, and Andrea Natale 25 MAPPING AND CATHETER ABLATION OF POSTMYOCARDIAL INFARCTION VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (VT): A SUBSTRATE-BASED APPROACH 300 Zaid Aziz and Roderick Tung Contents vii 26 ARRHYTHMOGENIC RIGHT VENTRICULAR CARDIOMYOPATHY 316 Daniele Muser and Pasquale Santangeli 27 NON-ISCHEMIC CARDIOMYOPATHY AND VENTRICULAR ARRHYTHMIAS 335 Matthew C. Hyman and Gregory E. Supple 28 ULTRASOUND IN THE ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY LAB 352 Carola Gianni, Javier E. Sanchez, Domenico G. Della Rocca, Amin Al-Ahmad, and Andrea Natale 29 LEFT ATRIAL APPENDAGE CLOSURE 364 Rodney P. Horton, Carola Gianni, and Andrea Natale 30 E CG FEATURES OF NORMAL HEART PVCs 385 Robert D. Schaller 31 EPICARDIAL ACCESS AND INDICATIONS 404 Jason S. Bradfield and Kalyanam Shivkumar 32 ECG-BASED ORIGIN OF ATRIAL FLUTTER 415 Decebal Gabriel Laţcu, Nadir Saoudi, and Francis E. Marchlinski INDEX 431 viii Contents PREFACE This issue of the Handbook of Electrophysiology is a quick reference for EP fellows, allied health professionals, and electrophysiologists on the state-of-the-art management of rhythm disorders including discussions on how to set up an arrhythmia lab, different aspects of the catheter ablation procedure for atrial and ventricular arrhythmia, techniques of device implantation and lead extraction, and diagnostic testing and management of syncope. The current edition also addresses the different aspects of ECG-based origin of atrial flutter, indications for epicardial access, and ECG characteristics of normal heart PVCs. Lastly, the handbook details on the indications, techniques, and benefits of left atrial appendage closure. It was our privilege to have a team of world-renowned experts contributing the latest infor- mation on the entire spectrum of EP knowledge in this handbook. We are confident that this handbook will not only be relevant to all clinicians and allied health professionals involved in the management of cardiac arrhythmia, but also will provide the readers an appreciation of the complexity of procedures that are performed every day in the electrophysiology labs. ix
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