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Surajit Pathak Antara Banerjee Atil Bisgin Editors Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research (cid:129) (cid:129) Surajit Pathak Antara Banerjee Atil Bisgin Editors Handbook of Animal Models and its Uses in Cancer Research With129Figuresand77Tables Editors SurajitPathak AntaraBanerjee CancerBiologyandBiotechnologyLab CancerBiologyandBiotechnologyLab FacultyofAlliedHealthSciences FacultyofAlliedHealthSciences ChettinadHospital&Research ChettinadHospital&Research Institute(CHRI) Institute(CHRI) ChettinadAcademyofResearchand ChettinadAcademyofResearchand Education(CARE) Education(CARE) Kelambakkam,Chennai,India Kelambakkam,Chennai,India AtilBisgin AGENTEM(AdanaGeneticDiseases DiagnosisandTreatmentCenter)& MedicalGeneticsDepartmentof MedicalFaculty CukurovaUniversity Adana,Turkey ISBN978-981-19-3823-8 ISBN978-981-19-3824-5(eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3824-5 ©SpringerNatureSingaporePteLtd.2023 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher,whether thewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsoftranslation,reprinting,reuseof illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. 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The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore Preface The Handbook of AnimalModels and Its Usesin Cancer Research brings forward the most cutting-edge developments in animal model systems for translational cancer research. Animal models are becoming increasingly significant in cancer research because they serve as a vital link between laboratory-based findings and humanclinicaltrials.Translationalresearchrequiresidealanimalmodelsthatrepli- categenetic,anatomical,physiological,andpathologicalfeaturesofhumandiseases. Over the last years, there has been an incredible gain in our understanding of the basic molecular mechanisms and translational observations that have led to the developmentofrecentexvivoandinvitroapproachesandvariousresearchmethods thatcouldfurtherimproveourholisticandincompletegeneticinsightofthedisease that is associated with the advancement of cancer and its response to various therapies. In consequence, animal welfare concerns have increased worldwide and traditional ethical standards about animals, such as anti-cruelty laws, have been replaced.Itisimportanttorespectthebiologicalandpsychologicalnatureofanimals in terms of pain and distress. A painless death should be the norm when killing research animals. It is not only morally important to minimize animal distress and pain,butitisalsoscientificallyimportantbecauseuncontrolleddistressandpaincan greatlyinvertvariables.Inaddition,ethicalissuesrelatedtoanimalresearchmustbe seriously addressed by the research community. Moreover, this understanding assures that upgraded approaches for screening, treatment, and prevention will be advancedmoreefficientlyforpatients’benefit. This book describes preclinical and clinical cancer research by using animal models for discerning all features of cancer biology, from the development of tumor to the underlying mechanisms in resistance or response to the treatment, and includes syngeneic models, stem cell models, orthotopic models, metastatic models,transgenicmodels,andgeneknockoutmodels. Thereadercanfindunderthisonevolume,threemajorsub-sectionsdisseminat- ing virtually all types of existing and emerging animal models in cancer research. Thebookencompassesareasthatprovideessentialinformationvitaltodevelopinga newdrugintopracticeintermsofefficacyandsafetywiththeutilizationofanimals inresearch.Animalmodelssuchasmice,rats,rabbits,etc.arecrucialtoinvestigate mechanistic information that will promote preclinical drug/therapy design, which willaimataparticularcomponentassociatedwiththediseasepathogenesis. v vi Preface Thegoalofthisbookistocompiletogethertherecentdiscoveriesanddevelop- ments in various in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo studies of cancer research. It will provideknowledgeandabetterunderstandingoftheadvancementofthemolecular and cellular mechanisms associated with the progression, formation, and clinical results of various types of cancer from the evidence collected from various animal models which are utilized for cancer research. There is a fundamental need in our societyforanimalresearchandtheadvancementofmedicinethathashelpedreduce sufferingandimprovequalityoflife.Thisbookisavaluableresourceforbasicand translationalcancerresearchers,drugdiscoveryresearchers,contractresearchorga- nizations,andknowledgeseekersatalllevelsofbiomedicalresearch. UniqueFeaturesoftheProject 1. This book will provide an up-to-date knowledge on the latest and different animalmodelsusedincancerresearch. 2. Thebookwillserveasaguideforinvestigationtowardsthevaluableanalysisof theproblemsoflimitedmodelsforhighthroughputscreeningofvariousdrugs fortherapy. 3. Thethreesub-sectionsinthebookaredesignedtoprovideafullexplanationof the ongoing research and laboratory protocols involving various animal modelsincancerresearch. 4. Underpinsthemolecularandpathologicalmechanismsassociatedwithvarious cancerandtranslationalimpactsthroughexamininganimalmodels. Chennai,India SurajitPathak Chennai,India AntaraBanerjee Adana,Turkey AtilBisgin January2023 Contents Volume 1 PartI AnimalModelsforCancerResearch .................... 1 1 ImportanceofAnimalModelsintheFieldof CancerResearch ....................................... 3 DiptimayeeDas,AntaraBanerjee,SurajitPathak,andSujayPaul 2 CancerStudy:CelltotheAnimalModels ................... 27 CorneliaAmalinei,AdrianaGrigoras‚,Diana-LaviniaPricope,and Bogdan-IonuţPricop 3 AnimalModelsforCancerResearch:TheChoiceoftheRight ModelSystem ......................................... 49 SinanKandir 4 CellularInteractionsNetworkinginInteractive ModelsofDiseases ...................................... 65 ShivaniSharda,AnupamaAwasthi,SudeepBose,andNavkiranKaur 5 MiceasExperimentalModelsforCancerResearch ............ 87 AnisurRahmanKhuda-Bukhsh,JayeetaDas,andAsmitaSamadder 6 UseofStemCellsonAnimalModelofCancer Research ............................................. 111 AnjaliP.Patni,MurugesanAmirthaVarshini,andArikkethDevi 7 RoleofAnimalModelsintheDevelopmentof Bacteria-BasedLiveTherapeuticstoFightCancer ............ 133 KameswariTata,S.Ramadevi,RubyShelin,and ShanmugarajaMeenakshi 8 RepurposingofDrug:UtilityofAnimalModels .............. 155 MuskanAggarwal,TrishiA.Mehta,AparimitaDas,AlakeshDas, N.R.Shruthi,andSurajitPathak vii viii Contents 9 ZebrafishasanAnimalModelforCancerResearch ........... 175 StephenAdeniyiAdefegha,OlorunfemiRaphaelMolehin, OmowunmiMonisolaAdefegha,andAderonkeElizabethFakayode 10 ContributionofZebrafishinCancerResearch:Tinybut NotTrivial ............................................ 191 AnshumiBanerjee,MadhuchhandaAdhikari,ChayanBiswas, SukhenduMaity,AnkitChatterjee,RajkumarGuchhait,and KousikPramanick 11 Bioreactor-BasedTissueModelsasanAlternativeApproach inCancerResearch ..................................... 207 AtilBisginandCemMujde 12 AnimalModelofHumanCancer:MalignantLymphoma/Colon Cancer/LungCancer/LiverCancer/Brain Tumors/SkinCancer .................................... 223 SerdarKarakurt,IremMukaddesDurmus,SureyyaErturk, HalimeSeymaAkalin,andKemalBas 13 AnimalModelsinCancerResearch:BreastCancer ........... 247 JanaínaCarladaSilva,AedraCarlaBufaloKawassaki,Fernanda MaraAlves,LetíciaMadureiraPacholak,MarianeOkamotoFerreira, MateusIagoOliveiraColetto,MatheusRicardoGarbim,and CarolinaPanis 14 AnimalModelsforBoneMetastasisStudy ................... 267 ManasK.MahapatraandChandiC.Mandal 15 AvailablePreclinicalToolsforNeuroblastoma ................ 291 NatarajanAravindanandSheejaAravindan 16 AnimalModelsinCancerResearch ........................ 315 KafayatYusuf,ShahidUmar,andIshfaqAhmed 17 AnimalModelsofGynecologicalCancers ................... 335 PrabhakarPittaVenkata,DaisyMedina,SaifS.R.Nirzhor, SivanandaneSittadjody,R.IlengKumaran,IlangovanRamachandran, andPanneerdossSubbarayalu 18 InVivo,ExVivo,andInVitroModelSystemsfor LiverCancerResearch .................................. 353 S.Solaipriya,N.Mahalakshmi,R.Prajitha,andV.Sivaramakrishnan 19 AnimalModelsforProstateCancerResearch:AMechanistic OutlookontheChallengesandRecentProgress .............. 375 MayukhChatterjee,PramitKumarGhosh,andAmlanGhosh 20 AnimalModelsforAngiogenesisonCancerResearch .......... 397 SwetaMakwanaandChandiC.Mandal Contents ix 21 GeneticallyEngineeredandSpontaneousAnimalModel: UtilizationinPreclinicalCancerTherapyDevelopment ........ 421 SambhaviBhagavatheeswaran,AmulyaVijay,and AnandanBalakrishnan 22 DEN-InducedHepatocellularCarcinomainAnimalModel ..... 433 K.Sivakumari,P.Janani,andS.Rajesh 23 ChorioallantoicMembrane(CAM)andInOvoModels asPotentialPlatformsforTestingCancerAgents ............. 457 LangeswaranKulanthaivel,SangaviJeyachandran,P.Vijayalakshmi, KarthikeyanMurugesan,PremaChandramouli,HariniElangovan, andGowthamKumarSubbaraj 24 EngineeringandStudyingSyngeneicAnimalTumorsand LargeAnimalEndogenousTumorModels ................... 485 K.Suganya,SreyaBabu,andIndranilChattopadhyay 25 OrthotopicPDXandCDXMiceModelforCancer StemCellResearch ..................................... 503 JayantaKumarDasandMadhumitaDas 26 AnimalModelsforSmallCellLungCancerResearch: CurrentStatusandFuturePerspectives ..................... 527 SuganthyNatarajan 27 MelatoninInducedinCancerasaFrameof ZebrafishModel ....................................... 545 NitharRanjanMadhu,BhanumatiSarkar,Shubhadeep Roychoudhury,andBiplabKumarBehera Volume 2 PartII ApplicationofAnimalModelsinCancer Therapeutics ............................................. 563 28 RoleofTelomereandTelomeraseActivatorin AgeingandCancer ..................................... 565 DikshitaDeka,ShruthiN.R.,SurajitPathak,B.Priyadarshini,and AntaraBanerjee 29 GeneticsofPancreaticCarcinogenesis:CurrentMolecular InsightsfromAnimalModels ............................. 591 VeerabathiranRamakrishnanandVajagathaliMohammed 30 OpticalTechniquesforTreatmentandTissueEvaluation UsingSkinModelsforPreclinicalStudies ................... 615 MichelleBarretoRequena,MirianDeniseStringasci,and HildeHarbBuzzá x Contents 31 TumorModelsofRetinoblastoma:InVivo,ExVivo, andInVitroModels .................................... 633 RaaghavSen,NeethiChandraThathapudi,DhruvSharma, IshitaShome,SuryaPratapSingh,ObulesuMagisetty,and JaganmohanReddyJangamreddy 32 AStudyontheRoleofPhytochemicalsinthePreclinical NeuronalCancerModel ................................. 659 MegalaJayaraman,DiveyaaSivakumar,ParijatDutta,KhyatiArora, HanumanthRaoBalajiRaghavendran,andKayalvizhiNagarajan 33 PerspectivesofStemCellTherapy:APromisingTherapeutic forCancerModelandAlzheimer’sDisease .................. 677 SangaviJeyachandran,GeevaprabhakaranGanesan, SangeethaRajaram,VijayalakshmiParamasivan, GowthamkumarSubbaraj,andLangeswaranKulanthaivel 34 AnimalModelofInflammatoryBowelDiseaseLeadingto CancerandRoleofGeneticVariationinColitis-Associated Cancer ............................................... 697 KavithaR.Thangaraj,RaviRamalingam,andSolomonF.D.Paul 35 SelectedMethodsforToxicityTestingofChemicaland BiologicalCompoundsUsingAnimals ...................... 715 MariaWalczak 36 TerpenoidsasChemopreventiveAgentsandTheirInterpretation inAnimalModelsandHumanClinicalTrials ................ 727 SiokatasChristos,LeonidisGeorgios,andSarliVasiliki 37 RoleofAnimalResearchtoUnderstandtheProspectsfor ChemopreventionofCancer .............................. 747 AnneA.Adeyanju,OlorunfemiR.Molehin,AderonkeElizabeth Fakayode,andAdeniyiS.Ohunayo 38 StemCell-DerivedExosomes:APromisingTherapeuticRole inAnimalModelswithColorectalCancer ................... 757 DibyashreeChhetri,RathnaswamiArunachalam, GaneshMunuswamy-Ramanujam,RajappanChandraSatishKumar, KanagarajPalaniyandi,andDhanavathyGnanasampanthapandian 39 ExperimentalModelforPancreaticCancerandItsTherapeutic ImplicationsinClinicalResearch .......................... 777 SelvarajJayaraman,BhuvaneswariPonnusamy,Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal,S.GowthamKumar,andKirubhanandChandrasekar 40 HumanEmbryonicStemCellsasaTherapyfor Alzheimer’sDisease ..................................... 797 StephenAdeniyiAdefegha