Hand Clinics 1998: Vol 14 Index

15 Pages·1998·4.4 MB·English

CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Volume 14
February CONGENITAL HAND DISORDERS, pages 1-153
May PROBLEMS ABOUT THE DISTAL END OF THE ULNA, pages
155-330
August COMPARTMENT SYNDROME AND VOLKMANN’S ISCHEMIC
CONTRACTURE, pages 331-510
November HAND INFECTIONS, pages 511-725
Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type.
Abductor digiti minimi release, 504 flexor tendon, 568-569
Abductor digiti quinti muscle transfer, in thumb in human bite infections, 684-686
hypoplasia, 105-106 of intrinsic muscles of hand, 499-500
Abscesses. See also Deep subfascial space infections. of upper extremity compartments. See Compartments
“collar-button,” 559, 560 of upper extremity, anatomy of.
“dumbbell,” 561 of Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 486
felons, 551-553 Angiography, of distal ulna region, 198
in septic arthritis, 581, 582 Animal bites. See Bites, animal.
Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, postoperative Anterior arm compartment, 351-352
infection in, 676—677 Anterior arm compartment syndrome, 352
Acrosyndactyly, 30 Antibiotics, after bite wounds, prophylactic, 660-661
treatment, 34-35, 37 in Clostridium difficile colitis, 539-540
Actinomycetomas, 624 for deep subfascial space infections, 565
Adactyly, microvascular reconstruction in, 136 history, 516-517
Adductor pollicis compartment syndrome, 360 for human bites, 688-689
AIDS, postoperative infection in, 676-677 in leprosy, 616
Alcohol, as antiseptic agent, 673 for mycobacterial infections, 615, 616, 618, 620-622,
Allen’s test, 178, 188 623
Allergy to antibiotics, 664, 674 in necrotizing fasciitis, 638
American Society of Anesthesiologists, classification of for nocardial infection, 625-626
public health, 534 in osteomyelitis, 598-599
Amniotic band syndrome, congenital. See also after prosthetic implantation, prophylactic, 537, 675
Constriction band syndrome. in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 571, 573
microvascular reconstruction in, 136-137 resistance to, 517, 674
Amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, 663 in septic arthritis, 584—585
Amputation, in diabetic hand infections, 651, 654-655 for tuberculous infection, 615
in osteomyelitis, 595, 598 Antibiotics in hand surgery, 657-666
Anatomy, carpal tunnel, 421 choice of, 662-663
for compartment syndrome, 372-375 complex trauma, 661-662
in forearm, 391 prophylactic, 535-536, 658-662, 674-675
in hand and wrist, 406—408 complications of, 664, 674
in obtunded patients, 431-433 elective surgery, 658-660
in upper arm, 385 history of, 657-658
deep subfascial space, 557-558 orthopedic surgery, 658
distal ulna, extensor surface, 317-318 topical irrigation, 663-664, 672-673
flexor surface, 320-321 traumatic surgery, 660-661
forearm axis, 305-307 Antioxidants, ischemia and, 463
osseous, 161-164 Antiseptics, 671-672, 673
in pediatric distal ulna injuries, 231-232 Antivenin, 701, 704
soft-tissue, 165-176 Aphalangia, 1-15
triangular fibrocartilage complex, 285-286, 297 classification and description of deficiencies in, 1-2
in ulnocarpal abutment, 251-252 incidence, 2
fingertip, 547-548 parental needs and expectation in, 2-3
713
714 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Aphalangia (Continued) human, infections from, 683-690
surgical reconstruction in, age of patient for, 4 anatomy for, 684-686
indications, 3 antibiotic prophylaxis after, 661
nonvascularized toe proximal phalanx transfers, clinical presentation, 687-688
4—5 complication, 689-690
growth after physis transplantation, 7, 13-14 incidence and scope of problem, 683
results, 5-7 mechanism of, 683-684
procedures, 3-4 microbiology, 686-687
terminology, 1 treatment, 688-689
Arachidonic acid metabolism inhibitors, ischemia and, Black widow spider bite, 703-704
463 Blastomycosis, 609-610, 631
Arterial injury, compartment syndrome and nerve Blauth classification of thumb hypoplasia, 101-102, 103
injury versus, 372, 439 Bone grafts, in distal radius osteotomy, 243
Arteries, in upper extremity compartments, 347-349 in osteomyelitis, 595
Arteriovenous malformations, mimicking hand Bone scans, of distal ulna region, 195-198
infection, 526 in osteomyelitis, 593
Arthritis, rheumatoid, mimicking hand infection, 527 Bony abnormalities, in thumb duplication
postoperative infection in, 676 reconstruction, 143
septic, of wrist. See Septic arthritis of hand and wrist. Botox injections, in spastic hemiplegia, 124-125
Arthrodesis, distal radioulnar joint, 279 Boutonniere deformity, 585
with distal ulnar pseudarthrosis. See Sauvé-Kapandji Brown recluse spider bite, 521-523, 704-705
proced ure. Brunner incision, 572
Arthropod bites, 703-707 Burns, compartment syndrome from, in forearm, 393
Arthrotomy, in septic arthritis, 582-584
Articular disk of triangular fibrocartilage, 168
Articular pathology about ulnar side of wrist,
examination of, 181-185 Calcareous tendinitis, 321
Aspergillosis, 631 Calcific tendinitis, 321
Aspiration, in osteomyelitis, 594 Calcium (pyrophosphate) deposition, 521, 580-581
Atypical hand infections, 613-634 Candida albicans, 550, 607, 626-627
Candidiasis, 631
Avascular necrosis of proximal carpal row, magnetic
resonance imaging of, 207 Capsular contraction, of distal radioulnar joint, 312
Carpal kinematics, distal ulna in, 165
Axillary lymph node dissection, infection after, 537
Carpal tunnel, increased pressure in, etiology of,
421-424
Carpal tunnel release, 426-427
Carpal tunnel syndrome, acute, 419-429
Bacitracin, 663-664, 673
anatomy for, 421
Bacterial infections, atypical, 613-626
critical pressure threshold for median nerve viability,
contamination, 536
419-421
diabetic, 655
diagnosis of, pressure measurements, 426
from human bites, 686-687
sensibility testing, 424-426
in necrotizing fasciitis, 635
etiology of increased carpal tunnel pressure, hemor-
in osteomyelitis, 589-590
rhagic disorders, 424
in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 569-570
rheumatologic disorders, 424
in septic arthritis, 581-582, 585
wrist trauma, 421-424
Badger bites, 694
treatment by carpal tunnel release, 426-427
Baldwin's operation, 260
Cast removal, in forearm compartment syndrome, 395
Ballotment, of lunatotriquetral joint, 182-183 Cat bites, 692
Barracuda bites, 707-708 Catfish bites, 710
Basistyloid fovea, 168 Catheters, in intramuscular pressure measurement, 378,
Bayne classification, of radial longitudinal deficiency, 88 379, 411-412, 426, 441
of ulnar ray deficiency, 68, 69-70 septic thrombophlebitis and, 537-538
Bear mauling, 693-694 Cefaclor, 663
Bee stings, 706-707 Cefoxitin, 664
Biceps brachii tendon, distal, rupture of, 309 Cells, in compartment syndrome, 333
Binturong bites, 696 normal physiology of, 457-458
Biomechanics, distal radioulnar joint, 240-241, 297-298, in osteomyelitis, responses of, 591-593
307 Cellulitis, necrotizing, 643
forearm axis, 305-307 Centers for Disease Control, surgical-site infection
triangular fibrocartilage complex, 286-287 definitions, 532-533
Bites, animal, infections from, 691-711 Centralization, in radial longitudinal deficiency, 90-92
antibiotic prophylaxis after, 660-661 complications, 93-94
arthropods, 521-523, 703-707 recent contributions, 95-96
bear mauling, 693-694 technique, 92-93
cats, 692 Central palmar compartment syndrome, 360
dogs, 691 Cephalosporins, allergy to, 664
marine bites and stings, 707-711 in human bites, 689
rabies, 692-693 Cerebral palsy, spastic hemiplegia in, 119
reptiles, 393, 416, 696-702 Chemotherapeutic infiltration, mimicking hand
ZOO animals, 694-696 infection, 521
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 715
Children. See Compartment syndrome, pediatric; Distal exertional, 477-482
ulna, pediatric injuries to. complications, 480
Chlorhexidine gluconate, 673 diagnosis, 478-479
Ciprofloxacin, in osteomyelitis, 598 etiology and pathophysiology, 477-478
Clasped thumb, congenital, 77-84 management, 479-480
classification and clinical presentation, 77-79 prognosis, 480
treatment, 79-83 of forearm, 391-403
Clean hand surgery procedures, infections in, 677 of hand and wrist, 405-418
Clenched-fist injury, 683, 686, 687, 688. See also Bites, historical review, 338-340
human. history of, 338-340
Clindamycin, in toxic shock syndrome, 538 in obtunded patients, 431-450
Clofazimine, in leprosy, 616 anatomy, 431-433
Clostridial myonecrosis, 639-641 diagnosis, 438-440
Clostridium difficile colitis, 538-540 etiology, 433-435
Coagulation problems, upper arm compartment iatrogenic causes, 438
syndrome from, 368, 386-387 in infants and children, 437-438
Coccidioidomycosis, 609-610, 631 injections or infiltrated infusions, 437
Cole and Manske classification of ulnar ray deficiency, list of causes, 434
68 prolonged limb compression, 435
Colitis, Clostridium difficile, 538-540 thrombolytic therapy, 435, 437
pseudomembranous, 664 pathophysiology, 433
“Collar-button” infection, 559, 560 sequelae, 447-448
Compartments, anatomic, definition and contents of, treatment, 440, 442-443
343, 405—406 fasciotomy technique in forearm or hand, 443-
Compartments of upper extremity, anatomy of, 343-364 446
anterior compartment of arm, 351-352 postoperative, 445, 447
deltoid compartment, 350-351 pathophysiology, 332-333, 372, 374, 462
fascial and subfascial components, 343, 345-346 exertional compartment syndrome, 477-478
forearm, 331-332, 392 in hand and wrist, 406
dorsal compartment, 356-357 in obtunded patients, 433
mobile wad, 353-354 pediatric, 467-475
pronator quadratus compartment, 356 clinical assessment, 468
volar compartment, 354-355 from diaphyseal forearm fractures, 470-471
hand, adductor compartment, 360 from distal radius fractures, 471
central palmar compartment, 357-360 etiology, 437, 439, 467
hypothenar compartment, 361-362 floating elbow and, 471-473
interosseous compartments, 362-363 of hand, 473
thenar compartment, 360-361 incidence, 467
muscle components, 346-347 from supracondylar humerus fractures, 468-470
nerves, 347 pressure and time thresholds for, 379-382
posterior compartment of arm, 352-353 recurrent, 477-482
vascular system, 347-350 sequelae, in obtunded patients, 447-448
Compartment syndrome. See also Volkmann's ischemic in upper arm, 388
contracture. treatment, exertional compartment syndrome, 479-480
anatomy, 372-375. See also Compartments of upper ex- in forearm, 394-399
tremity, anatomy of. in hand and wrist, 414-417
classification, 365, 366 intrinsic hand deformities, 502-505
clinical evaluation, 375 in obtunded patients, 440, 442-446
complications, exertional compartment syndrome, 480 in upper arm, 387-388
in forearm, 399 unifying principles of, 373
in hand, 417 of upper arm, 385-389
in upper arm, 388 anatomy, 385, 432-433
concepts in pathophysiology, evaluation, and diagno- diagnosis, 387
sis of, 371-383 etiology, 386-387
definitions and terminology, 331-334 sequelae and complications, 388
diagnosis, differential diagnosis, 372, 394, 438, 439 treatment, 387-388
exertional compartment syndrome, 478-479 vascular causes of, in obtunded patients, 434
in forearm, 393-394 in upper arm, 386
Griffiths’ four Ps of, 338 vicious cycle of, 452
in hand and wrist, 408-414 Compression, of limb, prolonged, compartment
in obtunded patients, 438-440 syndrome from, 435
problems in, 382 of muscle, crush syndrome from, 452
in upper arm, 387 Compression testing, of lunatotriquetral joint, 183
etiology, 332-333, 365-370, 372-375, 500-501 Computed tomography, of distal ulna region, 194,
exertional compartment syndrome, 477-478 198-199, 299
in forearm, 391-393 Congenital hand disorders, aphalangia, 1-15
in hand and wrist, 408 clasped thumb, 77-84
in obtunded patients, 433-438 constriction band syndrome, 29-38
in upper arm, 386-387 microvascular surgery for, 135-142
evaluation, 375 polydactyly, 49-64
716 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Congenital hand disorders (Continued) Deltoid compartment, 350-351
radial head dislocations, 39-47 Deltoid compartment syndrome, 351
radial longitudinal deficiency, 85-99 Dermatophytic infections, 605-607, 626-628
spastic hemiplegia of upper extremity, 119-134 Diabetic hand infections, 647-656
thumb duplication, 17-27 authors’ series of, 648
complications of reconstruction in, 143-149 bacteriology, 655
thumb hypoplasia, 101-118 host factors in, 648
ulnar ray deficiency, 65-76 incidence of, 647-648
Congruity method, 299 pathogenesis of, 655
Constriction band syndrome, 29-38. See also Amniotic postoperative, 675-676
band syndrome. types of, 648-649
classification, 31 gangrene, 641-643
clinical presentation, 30-31 necrosis, 651, 654-655
demographics, 30 subcutaneous extrafascial dissecting infections, 649-
etiology, 29-30 650
treatment, 31, 33-37 subepidermal infections, 649
Contracture. See also Volkmann's ischemic contracture. surgical wound and injection-site infections, 650—
of intrinsic muscles of hand, 417 651
Cornelia de Lange’s syndrome, 67-68 Diaphyseal forearm fractures, pediatric compartment
Corticosteroids, infections and, in rheumatoid arthritis, syndrome from, 470-471
676 Dicloxacillin, 663
C-reactive protein, in osteomyelitis, 593 Digital flexor tendons, disorders of, 324
Creatine phosphokinase, in crush syndrome, 453 Digital-subtraction arthrography, 202
Crush injury of upper arm, 386 Digits. See Fingers.
Crush syndrome, 332, 451-456 Dishwater pus, 636
classification, 454 Disinfectants, 672
clinical presentation, 453 Distal interphalangeal joint arthrotomy, in septic
etiology, 451 arthritis, 583-584
historical perspective, 451 Distal intrinsic release, 503
laboratory studies in, 453-454 Distal radioulnar joint. See also Radioulnocarpal joint.
outcome, 455 anatomy, 161-164, 240, 297, 307
pathophysiology, 433, 451-453 arthrodesis, 279
treatment, 454-455 with distal ulnar pseudarthrosis. See Sauvé-Kapandji
Cryptococcosis, 631 procedure.
Cysts, ganglion, examination of, 186-187 biomechanics, 240-241, 297-298, 307
capsular contraction, 312
chronic late disruption, 234-236
development, 155-159
Dactylitis, 614 dislocation, 298
Dapsone, in leprosy, 616 embryology, 157
Darrach resection, 259-260, 265, 275 examination, 181-182
history and indications, 266 fracture management, 213-229
outcomes, 268 imaging, 191, 194, 199
pitfalls and complications, 266 incongruity/arthrosis, 253, 254, 259-260
technique, 266 instablity, 297-303
Debridement, in clostridial myonecrosis, 640-641 acute, 298-300
in necrotizing fasciitis, 636-638 treatment, 300-301
open, in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 574 arthroscopic management, 292-293
in osteomyelitis, 594 chronic, 301-303
in tuberculous infection, 615 management in cases of malunited distal radius frac-
Decompression, in compartment syndrome. See also tures, 239-249
Fasciotomy. algorithm for, 242
of forearm, 396-398 anatomy and biomechanics, 240-241
of hand/fingers, 445, 446, 460 reconstructive surgical techniques, 242-248
in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 489-491 surgical ablation of DRUJ, 248
Deep subfascial space infections, 557-566 surgical indications, 241
anatomy for, 557-558 surgical planning, 241-242
types of, dorsal subaponeurotic space infection, 560- stabilizing structures, 168-173
561 in ulnocarpal abutment, 251
hypothenar space infection, 564 Distal radioulnar ligaments, 168-169
interdigital web-space infection, 558-560 Distal radioulnar line method, 299
midpalmar space infection, 563-564 Distal radius fractures, classification, 214-218
Parona’s space infection, 561 with DRUJ disruption, 222-227
thenar space infection, 561-563 DRUJ injuries associated with, 214-222
wound management and postoperative rehabilitation, malunited. See Distal radioulnar joint, management in
564-565 cases of malunited distal radius fractures.
Deferoxamine, ischemia and, 463 pediatric compartment syndrome from, 471
Deformities. See Hand deformities. positive ulnar variance secondary to malunion of, 255
Degenerative lesions of triangular fibrocartilage reducing, 162-163
complex, 287-289, 293-294 Distal radius osteotomy, 241, 242-243, 255
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 717
Distal ulna, ablative procedures, 245-248, 248, 258-260, Drainage, for acute paronychia, 548-548
265-277, 283 for deep subfascial space infections, 559-564
Darrach resection, 266—268 of felons, 552-553
hemiresection-interposition arthroplasty, 271-273 for pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 571-572
matched distal ulna resection, 273-275 in septic arthritis, 582
recommendations, 275-276 DRUJ. See Distal radioulnar joint.
Sauve-Kapandji procedure, 268-271 “Dumbbell” abscess, 561
arthrography, 199-203
of DRUJ instability, 300
of ulnocarpal abutment, 254
arthroscopic diagnosis and treatment, 285-296 Ectrodactyly, 67
articular relationships about, 161-164, 166-168 Edema, in clostridial myonecrosis, 640
bone scans, 195-198 Eikenella corrodens, antibiotics for, 663
clinical examination, 177-190 in human bites, 686+687, 688-689
failed surgery about, salvage procedures in, 279-284 in septic arthritis, 582, 585
DRUJ arthrodesis, 279 Elbow, flexion contracture in spastic hemiplegia,
massive distal ulna resection, 283 treatment of, 126
one-bone forearm, 282-283 fracture dislocations, examination of, 188
Sauve-Kapandji procedure, 280-282 pediatric floating, 471-473
fractures, management, 213-229 radial head dislocations, congenital, 39-47
pediatric compartment syndrome from, 471 Elective hand surgery, prophylactic antibiotics in,
imaging, DRUJ fractures, 213-214 658-660
modalities, 191-212 Electronic transducer-tipped catheter, in intramuscular
angiography, 198 pressure measurement, 379
arthrography, 199-203 Ellipsoid infarct concept, 485, 487
bone scintigraphy, 195-198 Envenomation, 416, 696—702
computed tomography, 194, 198-199 Epicenter method, 299
distraction and magnification radiography, 195 Epiphyseal transfer, in radial longitudinal deficiency, 96,
fluoroscopy, 195 98
magnetic resonance imaging, 203-209 Eponychial marsupialization, 551
plain films, 191-194 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, in osteomyelitis, 593
single-photon emission computed tomography, Essex-Lopresti injury, 225-227, 312-314
197 Ethambutol, for Mycobacterium marinum infection,
tomography, 195 620-621
ultrasonography, 198 for tuberculous infection, 615
osseous anatomy and articular relationships about, Exercise, compartment syndrome from, 367. See also
161-164 Exertional compartment syndrome.
pediatric injuries to, 231-237 Extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) tendon, 172
anatomy in, 231-232 anatomy, 317-318
classification, 232 inflammatory and traumatic disorders, 318-320
chronic late DRUJ disruption, 234-236 tendinitis examination, 185-186
chronic stress injuries, 233-234 Extensor digiti minimi tendon, inflammation of, 319
physeal injuries, 232-233 Extensor forearm compartment syndrome, 357
ulnar styloid fractures, 232 Extensor mechanism, dorsal view of, 500
epidemiology, 231 External fixators, infections with, 678
salvage procedures after failed surgery about, 279-284
soft-tissue anatomy and relationships about, 165-176
Distal ulna lesions, arthroscopy of, 285-296
DRU}J instability, 300 Factitious illness, mimicking hand infection, 524-525
treatment, 289-290 Fascial components of upper extremity compartments,
degenerative lesions, 293-295 343, 345
traumatic lesions, 290-293 Fasciitis, necrotizing, 635-639
triangular fibrocartilage complex and, 285-287 Fasciotomy, in compartment syndrome, 457-465
classification of lesions, 287—289 exertional compartment syndrome, 480
ulnocarpal abutment, 255 of forearm, 396, 398-399, 443-445
wafer resection, 245-248, 259, 294 of hand and wrist, 415-416, 445
work-up, 289 in obtunded patients, 442-446
bone, computed tomography of, 198 pressure threshold tor, 412-414, 440
magnetic resonance imaging of, 209 in crush syndrome, 454-455
Distraction radiography, of distal ulna region, 195 in revascularized or replanted extremity, 461-462
Divergent dislocation of radius and ulna, 314 Felons, 551-553
Dog bites, 691 Femur-fibula-ulna syndrome, 68
Dorsal compartment of forearm, 356-357 Fight bite, 647
compartment syndrome of, fasciotomy in, 399 Fingers, aphalangia, 1-15
Dorsal dislocation of ulna, 298 decompression, 445, 446, 460
Dorsal distal radioulnar ligament, 168, 169 deformities in spastic hemiplegia, treatment of, 127,
Dorsal radioulnar ligament reconstruction, 302-303 132-133
Dorsal subaponeurotic space, infection, 560-561 polydactyly, 49-64
Doxorubicin, 521 Fingertip infections, 547-555
Doxycycline, 663 %
718 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Fingertip infections (Continued) in forearm, 392-393
anatomy for, 547-548 in upper arm, 386
chronic paronychia, 550-551 distal radioulnar joint, 213-229
felon, 551-553 distal radius. See Distal radius fractures.
Flaps, in congenital clasped thumb, 82 Essex-Lopresti, 225-227
in index pollicization for thumb hypoplasia, 114 Galeazzi, 222-225
Flap surgery, infections in, 677-678 infected, treatment of, 594-595
Flexion adduction deformity (congenital clasped open hand, prevention of infection in, 594
thumb), 77-84 proximal ulna, 309
Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) tendon, anatomy, 320-321 radial head, 225-227, 308-309
inflammatory and traumatic disorders, 321-322 ulnar head, 221, 222
tendinitis examination, 185-186 on ulnar side of wrist, examination of, 178-181
transfer of, in spastic hemiplegia, 127 ulnar styloid. See Ulnar styloid fractures.
Flexor digiti minimi release, 504 Free-tissue transfers, for intrinsic hand deformities, in
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon transfer, in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 494
congenital clasped thumb, 79 Fungal infections, 605-612
Flexor palmaris longus tendon transfer, in spastic atypical, 626-630
hemiplegia, 132 deep, 609, 628-629, 631
Flexor pronator slide, in Volkmann’s ischemic skin and nail, 605-607, 626-628
contracture, 491-492 subcutaneous, 607-609, 628
Flexor tendons, digital, disorders of, 324 systemic, 609-611
lengthening of, in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, types of, 605
489, 49] Fusion. See Arthrodesis.
Flexor tenosynovitis, midpalmar space infection and,
563
pyogenic, 567-577
bacteriology, 569-570 Galeazzi-equivalent, 225
clinical presentation, 569 Galeazzi fractures, 222-225
complications, 574-576 Ganglion cysts, examination of, 186-187
differential diagnosis, 570-571 Gangrene, diabetic, 641-643
history, 514-515, 516-517 gas, 639-641
pathophysiology, 567-569 nonclostridial nondiabetic, 641
treatment, 571-574 Gas gangrene, 639-641
Floating elbow, pediatric, 471-473 Gloves, surgical, 673-674
Fluoroscopy, of distal ulna region, 195 Gout, carpal tunnel syndrome from, 424
Forearm, fracture dislocations, examination of, 188 mimicking hand infection, 519-520, 571
fractures, diaphyseal, pediatric compartment syn- Granuloma annulare, mimicking hand infection,
drome from, 470-471 526-527 |
longitudinal instability, ulnocarpal abutment second- Granulomas, pyogenic, mimicking hand infection,
ary to, 260-261 520-521
one-bone, creation of, 73-74, 282-283 Griffiths’ four Ps of compartment syndrome diagnosis,
pronation deformity, in spastic hemiplegia, treatment r9Fe2e 0. Q
of, 126-127 Griseofulvin, 617
pseudoarthrosis, microvascular reconstruction, 137 Gymnasts, wrist pathology in, 234, 289
salvage procedures, in Volkmann’s ischemic con-
tracture, 493
Forearm axis, anatomy and biomechanics, 305-307
disorders, 305-316 Haemophilus influenzae, in septic arthritis, 585
Forearm compartments, 331-33 hN Hamate fractures and nonunions, examination of, 179
dorsal, 356-357 Hand (and wrist) compartment syndrome, 405--418
mobile wad, 353-354 anatomy, 406-408, 432
pronator quadratus, 356 in children, 473
volar, 354-355 complications, 417
Forearm compartment syndrome, 391-403 definitions, 405-406
anatomy, 391, 392, 431-432 diagnosis, 408
complications, 399 pressure measurements, 409-414
diagnosis, 393-394 symptoms and signs, 408-409
management, goals, 394-395 etiology, 408
nonoperative, 395 treatment, 414-415
operative, 395-398, 443-445 of associated injuries, 416-417
aftercare, 399 fasciotomy, 415-416, 445-446
techniques, 398-399 Hand compartments, adductor, 360
pathogenesis and etiology, 391-393 central palmar, 357-360
prognosis, 394 hypothenar, 361-362
Foreign bodies, mimicking hand infection, 523-524 interosseous, 362-363
Fox bites, 694 thenar, 360-361
Fracture dislocations, forearm and elbow, examination Hand deformities, intrinsic, in compartment syndrome,
of, 188 anatomy, 499-500
Fractures, antibiotics in, 535, 661, 662 clinical tests and physical examination, 501-502
compartment syndrome from, in children, 468-473 etiology, 500-501
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 719
preoperative evaluation, 502 lloprost, ischemia and, 463
treatment, nonoperative, 502 Imaging. See also Radiography.
operative techniques, 502-505 in osteomyelitis, 593
surgical issues, 502 Imidazoles, 617-618
types of deformity and functional impairment, 501 Incisions, for drainage, in acute paronychia, 548-548
in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 485-487 in deep subfascial space infections, 559-564
reconstruction of, 493-494 of felons, 552-553
Hand surgery, infections in, antibiotics in elective and in pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 571-572
post-traumatic surgery, 657-666 Index ‘pollicization, in thumb hypoplasia, 107, 108
hospital-acquired, 531-545 technique, 108-114
postoperative, 667-681 Index transposition flap, in congenital clasped thumb,
for infection treatment, anatomic basis for, 513-514 82
in early 1900s, 514-516 Infants, compartment syndrome causes in, 437
Handwashing prior to surgery, 671-672 Infarct excision, in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 491
Hansen’s disease, 616, 617 Infections, hand, from animal bites, 691-711
Hemiplegia, spastic. See Spastic hemiplegia of upper antibiotics in elective and post-traumatic surgery,
extremity. 657-666
Hemiresection-interposition arthroplasty, 260, 276 atypical, 613-634
history and indications, 271 compartment syndrome from, 368
outcomes, 272-273 deep subfascial space, 557-566
pitfalls and complications, 272 diabetic, 647-656
technique, 271-272 distal ulna region, magnetic resonance imaging of,
Hemophiliacs, compartment syndrome in, 368, 386-387 207
Hemorrhagic disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome from, fingertip, 547-555
424 fungal, 605-612
Herpetic whitlow, 524-525, 549, 570 history of, 511-518
Heterotopic ossification, 314 hospital-acquired, in surgery, 531-545
Hexachlorophene, 673 from human bites, 683-690
Histoplasmosis, 609-610, 631 mimickers, 519-529
History of hand infections, 511-518 necrotizing fasciitis and gangrene, 635-645
antibiotic prophylaxis in hand surgery, 657-658 osteomyelitis, 589-603
antibiotic resistance, 517 postoperative, 667-681
antibiotic therapy, 516-517 pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis, 567-577
early, 511-513 septic arthritis of hand and wrist, 579-587
surgical treatment, anatomic basis for, 513-514 Inflammation of joint, septic arthritis versus, 581]
in early 1900s, 514-516 Inflammatory tendinopathies about ulnar wrist, 317-326
HIV infection, postoperative infection in, 676-677 Infratendinous extensor retinaculum, anatomy of, 172
Hospital-acquired infections, in hand surgery, 531-545 Injections, compartment syndrome from, 368, 435, 437
nature and magnitude of problem, 531-532 Insect (arthropod) bites, 521-523, 703-707
preventive measures, 535-537 Interdigital (web) space, anatomy, 558
risk factors for postoperative infection, 533-535 infection, 558-560
specific clinical problems, antibiotic prophylaxis after Interosseous compartments of hand, 362-363
prosthetic implantation, 537, 675 Interosseous ligament, 306-307
Clostridium difficile colitis, 538-540 rupture of, 310-311
postmastectomy infection, 537 Interosseous muscles compartment syndrome, 363
septic thrombophlebitis, 537-538 Interosseous slide, 504
toxic shock syndrome, 538, 671 Interphalangeal joint infection, pyogenic, 571
surveillance programs, 532-533 Intramuscular pressure. See Pressure.
Host defenses, in osteomyelitis, 591-593 Intrinsic hand deformities, reconstruction of, in
Human bites. See Bites, iuman. compartment syndrome and Volkmann’s ischemic
Human immunodeficiency virus infection, postoperative
contracture, 493-494, 499-506
infection in, 676-677
Intrinsic tenodesis, 503-504
Humeral osteotomy, 74-75
Involucrum formation, 591
Humerus fractures, supracondylar, pediatric
lodophors, 673
compartment syndrome from, 468-470
Iron chelators, ischemia and, 463
Hymenoptera stings, 706—707
Ischemia, biochemistry, 458—460
Hyperbaric oxygen, in crush syndrome, 455
cell physiology and, 457-458
in forearm compartment syndrome, 395
limb, prophylactic fasciotomy and medical treatment
in gas gangrene, 641
in, 457-465
in necrotizing fasciitis, 638-639
reperfusion and, 460-461
Hyperkalemia, in crush syndrome, 453, 454
reversal of changes of, pharmacologic, 462-463
Hyperphalangism, 59, 61
Volkmann's. See Volkmann's ischemic contracture.
Hypoplasia of thumb. See Thumb hypoplasia.
Isoniazid, in tuberculous infection, 615
Hypothenar compartment syndrome, 362
Hypothenar hammer syndrome, 188 Itraconazole, 609, 617
Hypothenar space, anatomy, 558
infection, 564
Jellyfish stings, 708
Joint abnormalities, in thumb duplication
[lizarov technique, in radial longitudinal deficiency, 96 reconstruction, 143
720 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Joint inflammation, septic arthritis versus, 581 decompression, in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture,
Joint stabilization, in spastic hemiplegia, 126, 132 489-490
viability, critical pressure threshold for, 419-421
Meniscus homologue, 173-174
Metacarpal shortening, in index pollicization for thumb
Kanavel, Allen, 513-514, 567, 687-688 hypoplasia, 112
Ketoconazole, 617 Metacarpophalangeal joint, arthrotomy, in septic
Kinematics, carpal, distal ulna in, 165 arthritis, 583
Kirschner wires, in toe transfer for aphalangia, 5 in clenched-fist injury, 686
Kummel classification of ulnar ray deficiency, 69 in congenital clasped thumb, 77-78
treatment of contracture of, 80-82
pyogenic infection, 571
Laboratory studies, for fungal infections, 627, 628 Metaphyseal fractures, distal, pediatric compartment
for Mycobacterium marinum infection, 620 syndrome from, 471
Metastatic lesions, mimicking hand infection, 526
for nocardial infection, 624
in osteomyelitis, 593 Methotrexate, infections and, in rheumatoid arthritis,
676
for tuberculous infection, 614-615
Metronidazole, in Clostridium difficile colitis, 539
Lacerations, antibiotics in, 660
Laplace’s law, 332 Michon classification of pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis,
Lateral band tenotomy, 502-503 572
Latrodectus bites, 702 Microvascular surgery, for congenital hand anomalies,
Leprosy, 616, 617 135-142
Ligaments, radioulnar, 168-169 in constriction band syndrome, 37
evaluation of patient for, 137-138
ulnocarpal ligamentous complex, 170-172
indications, 136-137
Ligamentum subcruentum, 168
principles and considerations, 135-136
Linea jugata, 318
whole toe transfer, 138-140
Lipomas, examination of, 187-188
Midpalmar space, anatomy, 557-558
Longitudinal deficiencies of ulna, 65
infection, 563-564
Loxoscelism, 521-523, 704-705
Miller classification of ulnar ray deficiency, 69
Lumbrical-plus deformity, 504-505
Mimickers of hand infections, 519-529
Lunatotriquetral joint (LT), examination of, 182-183
Mirror hand deformity, 57, 59
Lunatotriquetral ligament tears, arthrography of, 254
Mobile wad of forearm, 353-354
Lymphedema, postmastectomy, 537
compartment syndrome, clinical manifestations of,
354
fasciotomy in, 398-399
Madelung’s deformity, 153 Motor examination, of ulnar side of wrist, 178
Maduromycosis (Madura ulcer), 609 Mucormycosis, 631, 636
Magnetic resonance imaging, of distal ulna region, Muscles, components of upper extremity compartments,
203-204 346-347
of avascular necrosis, 207 deficiencies, in radial longitudinal deficiency, 87
of bone lesions, 209 hand, intrinsic, anatomy of, 499-500
of DRUJ instability, 299-300 rupture or transfer, upper arm compartment syn-
of infection, 207 drome from, 386
of soft tissues, 205-207 in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, 486
of triangular fibrocartilage complex, 204-205, 289 Muscle vascular system, in upper extremity
of ulnocarpal abutment, 254-255 compartments, 349-350
in osteomyelitis, 593 Mycetomas, 609, 624
Mycobacteria other than tuberculosis, 616, 618, 619
Magnification radiography, of distal ulna region, 195
Mycobacterium avium complex, 618, 619, 622
Malunion, of distal radius fractures. See Distal radioulnar
Mycobacterium bovis, 614, 618
joint, management in cases of malunited distal radius
Mycobacterium chelonei, 618, 623
fractures.
Mycobacterium fortuitum, 618, 623
of forearm bones, 309-310
Mycobacterium kansasii, 618, 623
of radius platform, 312
Mycobacterium leprae, 616, 618
Mantoux test, 615
Mycobacterium malmoense, 618, 622-623
Marine bites and stings, 707-711
Mycobacterium marinum, 618
Masses, soft-tissue, ulnar, examination of, 186-188
clinical presentation, 620
magnetic resonance imaging of, 205-207
epidemiology, 619-620
Mastectomy, infection after, 537 laboratory diagnosis, 620
Matched distal ulna resection, 276 in osteomyelitis, 590
history and indications, 273-27 in septic arthritis, 582, 585
outcomes, 275 treatment, 620-622
pitfalls and complications, 275 Mycobacterium terrae, 618, 622-623
technique, 274-275 Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 571, 614, 615, 618
Matsen’s method of pressure measurement, in hand Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, 613-615
and wrist compartment syndrome, 410, 412 Myonecrosis. See Gangrene.
Matsen’s unified concept of compartment syndrome,
338-339
Median nerve, contusion, acute carpal tunne! syndrome
versus, 423 Nail infections, acute paronychia, 548-550
CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998 721
chronic paronychia, 550-551 Penicillin, allergy, 664, 674
fungal, 607 for hand infections, history of, 516-517
Necrosis, in diabetes, 651, 654-655 in hand surgery, 663
Necrotizing cellulitis, 643 in human bites, 688-689
Necrotizing fasciitis, 635-639 Pentadactyly, 59
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, in septic arthritis, 582, 585 Perfusion alterations, in compartment syndrome of
Neomycin, 663-664, 673 hand and wrist, 409
Nerve injury, compartment syndrome and arterial Peritendinitis calcarea, 321
injury versus, 372, 439 Phenol injections, in spastic hemiplegia, 124-125
Nerves, in upper extremity compartments, 347 Physeal fractures, distal, pediatric compartment
Neurovascular deficiencies, in radial longitudinal syndrome from, 471
deficiency, 87-88 Physeal injuries, 232-233
Newborns, compartment syndrome in, 367-368 Pins and external fixators, infections with, 678
NNIS risk index, 533-534 Pisiform, fractures and nonunions, examination of,
Nocardia, 623-626 179-181
No-flow phenomenon, 460 injuries, 322—324
Nonunions, on ulnar side of wrist, examination of, Pisotriquetral (PT) joint, disorders, 322-324
179-181 examination, 183-184
Nosocomial infections. See Hospital-acquired infections. Plain films, of distal ulna region, 191-194
Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System risk index, of ulnocarpal abutment, 253-254
533-534 | Pollex varus (congenital clasped thumb), 77-84
Pollicization, index, in thumb hypoplasia, 107, 108
technique, 108-114
Polydactyly, 49-64
Ogden classification of ulnar ray deficiency, 69 classification, 51—52
One-bone forearm, creation of, 282-283 complex, hyperphalangism, 59, 61
On-top plasty, 37 pentadactyly, 59
Onychomycosis, 607, 627 ulnar dimelia, 57, 59
Orthopedic surgery, prophylactic antibiotics in, 658 genetics and inheritance, 50-51
Ossification, heterotopic, 314 incidence, 49-50, 51
Osteomyelitis, 589-603 of index finger, 52-53
bacteriology, 589-590 of long and ring digits, 53-55
classification, 591 radial. See Radial polydactyly.
complications, 599-600 of ulnar hand and small digits, 55-57
diagnosis, 593-594 Posterior arm compartment, 352-353
etiology, 589 Posterior arm compartment syndrome, 353
host defenses and celular responses, 591-593 Postoperative infections, 669-681
pathophysiology, 590-591 biological barriers to, 670
treatment, 594 complications, 671
amputation, 595, 598 diagnosis, 671
antibiotics, 598-599 epidemiology, 669
of infected hand fractures, 594-595 etiology, 669-671
prevention of infection in open hand fractures, 594 host factors, 675-677
skeletal reconstruction, 595 prevention, 671
surgical debridement, 594 prophylactic antibiotic therapy, 674-675
Osteotomy, distal radius, 241, 242-243, 255 techniques to decrease wound contamination, 671-
ulnar-shortening, 243-245, 255-258 674
Oxygen, hyperbaric. See Hyperbaric oxygen. risk factors for, 533-535
in specific procedures, 677-678
treatment, 671
Pre-axial polydactyly. See Radial polydactyly.
Pain, in compartment syndrome of hand and wrist, Pressure, in carpal tunnel syndrome, critical pressure
408-409 threshold for median nerve viability, 419-421
Palmar distal radioulnar ligament, 168, 169 measurements of, 426
Palpation, in distal ulna examination, 178 in compartment syndrome, aAe PunA 9399 ), rz l—3>,° 7 2
Paracoccidioidomycosis, 609-610 measurement of, 375-379, 387, 393-394
Paralytic conditions of forearm, 314 in children, 468
Paresis, in compartment syndrome of hand and wrist, in exertional compartment syndrome, 479
409 in forearm, 393-394
Paresthesias, in compartment syndrome of hand and in hand and wrist, 409-414
wrist, 409 iene—teee eee o tbtu nded patients, 439-440, 441
Parona’s space, anatomy, 558 in upper arm, 387
infection, 561 thresholds of, 379-382
Paronychia, acute, 548-550 in Volkmann's contracture, 337
chronic, 550-551 Prestyloid recess, 174
Pasteurella multocida, in septic arthritis, 585 Pretriquetral recess, 174
-
Patterson classification of constriction band syndrome, Primary antiphospholipid syndrome, 5 23
31 . Pronator quadratus compartment syndrome, 356
Pediatrics. See Compartment syndrome, pediatric; Distal Pronator quadratus muscle, anatomy of, 173
ulna, pediatric injuries to. Pronosupination, 165
722 CUMULATIVE INDEX 1998
Prostheses, antibiotic prophylaxis after implantation of, Radius platform malunion, 312
537, 675 Reconstruction, of intrinsic hand deformities, in
Proximal carpal row, avascular necrosis, magnetic compartment syndrome, 499-506
resonance imaging of, 207 techniques, 502-505
Proximal interphalangeal joint, arthrodesis, with release in Volkmann’s ischemic contracture, intrinsic hand de-
of intrinsic muscles, 504 formities, 493-494
arthrotomy, in septic arthritis, 583 mild contractures, 489
swan-neck deformity, treatment, 132-133 moderate to severe contractures, 489-493
Proximal radioulnar joint, 306 Reperfusion, biochemistry of, 460-461
Proximal ulna fractures, 309 Replantation surgery, infections in, 677-678
Pseudogout, carpal tunnel syndrome from, 424 Reptile bites, 393, 416, 696-702
mimicking hand infection, 527 Revascularization, prophylactic fasciotomy in, 457-465
Pseudomembranous colitis, 664 Rhabdomyolysis, management of, 416-417
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, in septic arthritis, 585 Rheumatoid arthritis, mimicking hand infection, 527
Pulse alterations, in compartment syndrome of hand postoperative infection in, 676
and wrist, 409 Rheumatologic disorders, carpal tunnel syndrome from,
Pus. See also Flexor tenosynovitis, purulent. 424
dishwater, 636 Ritampin, in leprosy, 616
in septic arthritis, 581 for Mycobacterium marinum infection, 620-621
Pyoderma gangrenosum, mimicking hand infection, 523 in osteomyelitis, 598
Pyogenic flexor tenosynovitis. See Flexor tenosynovitis, for tuberculous infection, 615
pyogenic. Runyon groups, for mycobacteria other than
Pyogenic granuloma, mimicking hand infection, tuberculosis, 619
520-521
Saccharomyces boulardii, 540
Rabies, 692-693 Salter-Harris classification of physeal injuries, 232-233
Radial head dislocations, congenital, 39-47 Sauve-Kapandji procedure, 260, 275-276
embryology, 39-40 history and indications, 268
historical perspective and current studies, 40-43 outcomes, 271
syndromes associated with, 39 pitfalls and complications, 269, 271
treatment, 43-46 as salvage procedure, 280-282
Radial head fractures, 308-309 technique, 268-269, 281-282
DRUJ dislocation with, 225-227 Schanz pins, in distal radius osteotomy, 242-243
Schinzel syndrome, 68
Radial head subluxation, idiopathic, 42
Scintigraphy, of distal ulna region, 195-198
Radialization, in radial longitudinal deficiency, 94-95
in osteomyelitis, 593
Radial longitudinal deficiency, 85-99
Scorpion stings, 705-706
anomalies associated with, 86-87
Semmes-Weinstein monofilament tests, in carpal tunnel
muscular and neurovascular deficiencies, 87-88
syndrome, 425-426
skeletal deficiency, 88
SENIC risk index, 533
clinical picture, 85-86
Sensibility testing, in carpal tunnel syndrome, 424-426
etiology, 85
Sensory examination, of ulnar side of wrist, 178
incidence, 85
Septic arthritis of hand and wrist, 579-587
treatment, 90-92
diagnosis, 579-580
centralization complications, 93-94
differential diagnosis, 580-581
centralization technique, 92-93
microbiology, 581-582
radialization, 94-95
pathology, 581
recent contributions, 95-98
prognosis, 585-586
Radial nerve decompression, in Volkmann’s ischemic salvage procedures, 586
contracture, 490-491 sporotrichosis, 609
Radial polydactyly, 17-27 treatment, antibiotics, 584-585
etiology, 17-18 surgical, 582-584
treatment, 20-24 Septic thrombophlebitis, 537-538
complications, 24-26 Serratia, in septic arthritis, 585
Radial tilt, 240 Shark bites, 707-708
Radiography, of distal ulna region, 191-194 Shear examination of lunatotriquetral joint, 182-183
of ulnocarpal abutment, 253-254 Shoulder abduction, in spastic hemiplegia, treatment of,
in osteomyelitis, 593 126
Radioulnar interosseous membrane, anatomy of, 173 Sigmoid notch, 161, 166-167, 240
Radioulnar joint, distal. See Distal radioulnar joint. Silhouette capsulectomy, 312
proximal, 306 Silicone synovitis, mimicking hand infection, 526
Radioulnar ligaments, 168-169 Single-photon emission computed tomography, of distal
Radioulnocarpal joint, anatomy and biomechanics, ulna region, 197
165-176 Skeletal pathology about ulnar side of wrist,
Radius, distal. See Distal radius fractures; Distal radius examination of, 178-181
osteotomy. Skeletal reconstruction, in osteomyelitis, 595
divergent dislocation of, 314 Skunk bites, 696
inclination, 240 Slit-catheter technique, of intramuscular pressure
length, 240 measurement, 378