Hair Care: From Physiology to Formulation Hair Care: From Physiology to Formulation Cosmetics & Toiletries, the international magazine of cosmetic technology, is the cosmetic and personal care industry’s preferred destination for the latest information on formulations, new technologies, ingredients, testing and news. Cosmetics & Toiletries ® is the first-read industry magazine for cosmetic chemists, R&D management, and key to the development of new formulations and product concepts. H Pulling from its most popular articles written by world-renowned a experts, Hair Care: From Physiology to Formulation delivers the same i quality and international appeal as the magazine. r C This informative collection of articles covers a variety of topics a to create a solid foundation of knowledge about hair care in r e cosmetics industry. : F Topics include: r o • Physiology m • Shampoo and conditioning P • Ethnic hair care h y • Styling s • Color io lo • Sun protection g • Hair Care Formulary y • And more! to F o “This informative collection provides professionals with invaluable r m knowledge from well-known experts.” u Rachel Chapman la Senior Editor, Cosmetics & Toiletries magazine t io n Allured Publishing Corporation 336 Gundersen Drive, Suite A Carol Stream, IL 60188 www.allured.com/bookstore [email protected] Phone: 630-653-2155 Fax: 630-653-2192 ® Hair Care Cover07_1_2.indd 1 10/5/07 2:08:27 PM Hair Care: From Physiology to Formulation Hair_Front Matter.fcx.indd 1 9/15/07 12:51:44 AM Hair Care: From Physiology to Formulation ISBN: 978-1-932633-35-1 Copyright 2008, by Allured Publishing Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Editorial Book Editor: Angela C. Kozlowski Copy Editor: Jean Allured Indexer: Joy Dean Lee Designer: Jennifer J. Kauffman Administration Publisher: Marian S. Raney Book Manager: Marie Kuta Book Coordinator and Web Support: Anita Singh Neither this book nor any part may be reproduced or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording, or by any information storage retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. NOTICE To the best of our knowledge the information in this book is accurate. However, in a time of rapid change, it is difficult to ensure that all information provided is entirely accurate and up-to-date. Therefore, the author and the publisher accept no responsibility for any inaccuracies or omissions and specifically disclaim any liability, loss, or risk, personal or otherwise, which is incurred as a consequence, directly or indirectly, of the use and/or application of any of the contents of this book. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by the Publisher. Allured Publishing Corporation 336 Gundersen Drive, Suite A, Carol Stream, IL 60188 USA Tel: 630-653-2155 Fax: 630-653-2192 E-mail: [email protected] Hair_Front Matter.fcx.indd 2 9/18/07 9:28:06 AM Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................... I ParT I. Overview Chapter 1. Hair Care Rides the Curl, .................................................... 1 Jeffries Chapter 2. Happier Days for Hair Care?, ............................................. 9 Davies Chapter 3. , ............. 15 Extending the Hair Care Line with Fragrance Brewster ParT II. Ethnic Chapter 4. , .............. 23 Global Hair Care Report: a Feel for Innovation Jeffries Chapter 5. , ................................. 29 Debunking Ethnic Hair Care Myths Doyle Chapter 6. Maintaining Ethnic Hair Care Leverage: an Interview with Patrick O bukowho, Obukowho ................................. 35 Chapter 7. Meeting the Needs of African Hair Care: , ............................................. 39 an Interview with Chuck Warren Warren Chapter 8. ...................... 43 Paradigm Shift for India’s Hair Care, Bhattacharya Chapter 9. Asian Hair: Its Properties, Physiology, Protection and the , ............................................ 49 Market for Asian Hair Care Rocafort et al. Chapter 10. ..................... 61 Ethnic Hair and Disorders of the Scalp, Callender ParT III. Physiology Chapter 11. , Inside the Hair: an Advanced Hair Biology Model .............................................................................. 71 Schueller, Romanowski Chapter 12. Approaches to and Characterization of , .................................................................... 81 Hair Growth Westgate et al. Hair_TOC.fcx.indd 1 9/15/07 12:53:29 AM Table of Contents Hair Care ParT IV. Shampoo Chapter 13. , .................................... 93 Shampoo Formulation: The Basics Klein Chapter 14. New Technology for Shampoos and Conditioners: , ...................................................... 99 Between the Shock Waves Westman Chapter 15. , .................................................. 109 Working Up a Lather Vazquez Chapter 16. Deposition from Conditioning Shampoo: , ............................. 115 Optimizing Coacervate Formation Lochhead et al. Chapter 17. Advances in Polymers for , .............................. 123 Hair Conditioning Shampoos Lochhead, Huisinga Chapter 18. Efficacy of Coal Tar vs. Sodium Shale Oil Sulfonate for , ............................................................. 137 Treating Dandruff Gayko et al. Chapter 19. Esters from Vegetable Sources with , ....................................................... 155 Care Effects for Hair Morris et al. Chapter 20. Silicone Technologies as Delivery Systems via , ..................................................... 169 Physical Associations Newton et al. Chapter 21. Performance and Sensorial Benefits of , .............................. 183 Cationic Guar in Hair Care Applications Chiron ParT V. Condition Chapter 22. , ......... 195 Formulating Hair Conditioners: Hope and Hype! Klein Chapter 23. , ......................... 201 Silicones for Hair Strengthening Johnson et al. Chapter 24 , ...................................... 211 Anionic/Cationic Complexes O’Lenick Chapter 25. Anionic Organosilicones: Complexing Agents for , ............................................ 217 Quaternary Compounds Vondruska et al. Chapter 26. Silicone Quaternary Microemulsion: , ................. 231 a Multifunctional Product for Hair Care Ostergaard et al. Chapter 27. Using Polyquaternium-64 to , ............................................ 243 Condition Damaged Hair Shimada et al. Chapter 28. Quaternium-91: a New, Multifunctional Hair , ...................................................... 257 Conditioning Ingredient Gao et al. Hair_TOC.fcx.indd 2 9/15/07 12:53:30 AM Hair Care Table of Contents ParT VI. Styling Chapter 29. , Innovations in Hair Styling Technology ............................................................................ 271 Schueller, Romanowski Chapter 30. , ..... 283 Advances in Polymers for Hair Styling Lochhead, Huisinga Chapter 31. Silicone Amino Elastomer Emulsion for , .......................... 297 Conditioning and Styling Performance Gomes et al. Chapter 32. , .............. 311 Designing Emulsions for Relaxer Actives Obukowho Chapter 33. , ..................................... 317 Styling Polymers in Mousses Brewster Chapter 34. Evaluating Polyimide-1, a Styling Resin for , ............................................. 327 Gel and Mousse Formulations Clements Chapter 35. Antichaotropic Salts for Stabilizing Cysteine in , ................................................ 341 Permanent Waving Solutions Shansky Chapter 36. Refractive Index Matching: , ................................. 347 Principles and Cosmetic Applications Sun et al. Chapter 37. A New Dimension in Hair Styling: , ........... 361 VP/Methacrylamide/Vinyl Imidazole Copolymer Wood et al. ParT VII. Color Chapter 38. , .................................................. 375 Dyeing to Get it Right Mason Chapter 39. Forever Young—Antiaging Hair Care: , ............................................ 383 an Interview with Beth Johnson Schaefer Chapter 40. , ............ 387 A Controllable Progressive Hair Dye Process Shansky Chapter 41. , .................. 397 Advances in Polymers for Hair Coloring Lochhead Chapter 42. Multilayer Lamella Vesicles in Oxidative Dye Formulations: , ...................................... 413 Characterization and Performance Gao et al. ParT VIII. Sun Protection Chapter 43. Using Natural Keratin Biopolymers to , ............................................ 433 Protect the Hair Roddick-Lanzilotta et al. Hair_TOC.fcx.indd 3 9/15/07 12:53:30 AM Table of Contents Hair Care Chapter 44. Protecting Against UV-Induced Degradation and , ........................................................... 447 Enhancing Shine Maillan et al. Chapter 45. Polyamide 2: an Innovative Photoprotection Polymer for , ...................................................................... 459 Hair Care Hessefort et al. ParT IX. Testing Chapter 46. Texture Analysis to Formulate Hair Care Products and , .................................................. 477 Select Packaging Smewing, Jachowicz Chapter 47. Torsional Behavior of Human Hair by , .............................. 487 Single Fiber Torsion Pendulum Method Kamath Chapter 48. , .... 493 In Vivo Quantitative Evaluation of Gloss Clémenceau et al. Chapter 49. Effect of New Regulations on , ........................................ 503 Hair Coloring Products in the EU Hefford Chapter 50. Using Texture Analysis to , ........................... 511 Substantiate Hair Care Claims Jachowicz, Smewing Chapter 51. , ............. 527 Recent Polymer Techno logies for Hair Care Brewster ParT X. Directory Chapter 52. ................................................................. 555 Hair Care Formulary Index ......................................................................... 579 Hair_TOC.fcx.indd 4 9/15/07 12:53:30 AM Introduction For many, hair care simply means a visit to a professional stylist. However, hair care is a multi-billion dollar world industry with a growth potential that is astronomical. An incredibly diverse assort- ment of opportunities and experiences are available in this industry, with companies involved ranging from huge multi-national con- glomerates to local neighborhood shops. Hair care products may have advanced chemical components or the purest natural botani- cals. It is a fascinating industry! , the international magazine of cosmetic Cosmetics & Toiletries technology, is the cosmetic and personal care industry’s preferred destination for the latest information on formulations, new technol- ogies, ingredients, testing and news. Its sister publications, Perfumer and , are two of the most & Flavorist Global Cosmetic Industry (GCI) respected resources for infor mation in the perfumer and flavorist and cosmetic industries. Pulling from all three magazines’ most popular articles written by world-renowned experts, delivers the same quality and Hair Care international appeal as the magazines. This informative collection of articles covers a variety of topics to create a solid foundation of knowledge about Hair Care in the cosmetics industry. Topics include: • Physiology • Shampoo and conditioning • Ethnic hair care • Styling • Color • Sun protection • Hair Care Formulary • And more! Hair_Intro.fcx.indd 1 9/15/07 12:53:49 AM II Introduction Hair Care We hope you will find this compilation a thought-provoking “jump-off” point for your future work. Editors’ Note: Each chapter has been edited from its original publication for style consistency, but otherwise remains mostly unchanged from its original publication in Cosmetics & Toiletries, Perfumer & Flavorist or GCI magazine. Therefore some author affiliations and/or company information may have changed. While the publisher has attempted to note changes, we may have missed some and cannot accept liability for inaccuracies or omissions. The original month, year and publication is noted at the end of each chapter. Hair_Intro.fcx.indd 2 9/15/07 12:53:49 AM