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Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism JONATHAN SWIFT Gulliver's Travels Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism SERIES EDITOR: Ross C Murfin Emily Bronte, Wuthering Heights EDITED BY Linda H. Peterson, Yale University Kate Chopin, The Awakening EDITED BY Nancy A. Walker, Vanderbilt University Joseph Conrad, Heart of Darkness EDITED BY Ross C Murfin, University of Miami Nathaniel Hawthorne, The Scarlet Letter EDITED BY Ross C Murfin, University of Miami Henry James, The Turn of the Screw EDITED BY Peter G. Beidler, Lehigh University James Joyce, The Dead EDITED BY Daniel R. Schwarz, Cornell University James Joyce, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man EDITED BY R. B. Kershner, University of Florida William Shakespeare, Hamlet EDITED BY Susanne L. Wofford, University of Wisconsin-Madison Mary Shelley, Frankenstein EDITED BY Johanna M. Smith, University of Texas at Arlington Jonathan Swift, Gulliver)s Travels EDITED BY Christopher Fox, University of Notre Dame Henry David Thoreau, Walden EDITED BY Michael Meyer, University of Connecticut Edith Wharton, The House ofM irth EDITED BY Shari Benstock, University of Miami Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism SERIES EDITOR: Ross C Murfin, University of Miami JONATHAN SWIFT GulliverJs Travels Complete, Authoritative Text with Biographical and Historical Contexts, Critical History, and Essays from Five Contemporary Critical Perspectives EDITED BY Christopher Fox Unipersity of Notre Dame Palgrave Macmillan For Bedford Books President and Publisher: Charles H. Christensen General Manager and Associate Publisher: Joan E. Feinberg Managing Editor: Elizabeth M. Schaaf Developmental Editor: Stephen A. Scipione Production Editor: Ann Sweeney Copyeditor: Jane Zanichkowsky Text design: Sandra Rigney, The Book Department Cover design: Richard Emery Design, Inc. Cover art: Details from maps illustrating Gulliver's voyage adapted from Motte's 1726 edition of Gulliver's Travels. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 92-75897 Copyright © 1995 by Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1995 978-0-312-10284-5 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted by any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except as may be expressly permitted by the appli cable copyright statutes or in writing by the Publisher. Manufactured in the United Statcs of America. 9 8 7 6 5 fedcba For information, write: St. Martin's Press, Inc. 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010 Editorial Offices: Bedford Books of St. Martin's Press 29 Winchester Street, Boston, MA 02116 ISBN 978-0-312-06665-9 (paperback) ISBN 978-1-349-60770-9 ISBN 978-1-137-12357-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-12357-2 Published and distributed outside North America by: MACMILLAN PRESS LTD. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world. ISBN 978-0-333-63438-7 Acknowledgment Terry J. Castle, "Why the Houyhnmnms Don't vVrite: Swift, Satire, and the Fear ofthe Text," Essays in Literature 7 (1980). © Western Illinois Univer sity, 1980. About the Series Volumes in the Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism series provide college students ,vith an entree into the current critical and theoretical ferment in literary studies. Each volume reprints the complete text of a classic literary work and presents critical essays that approach the work from different theoretical perspectives, together with the editors' intro ductions to both the literary work and the critics' theoretical perspec tives. The volume editor of each Case Study has selected and prepared an authoritative text of the classic work, written an introduction to the work's biographical and historical contexts, and surveyed the critical responses to the work since its initial publication. Thus situated bio graphically, historically, and critically, the work is examined in five criti cal essays, each representing a theoretical perspective of importance to contemporary literary studies. These essays, prepared especially for un dergraduates, show theory in praxis; whether written by established scholars or exceptional young critics, they demonstrate how current theo retical approaches can generate compelling readings of great literature. As series editor, I have prepared introductions, with bibliographies, to the theoretical perspectives represented in the five critical essays. Each introduction presents the principal concepts of a particular theory in their historical context and discusses the major figures and key works that have influenced their tormulation. It is my hope that these intro- v VI AROL:T THE SERIES ductions will reveal to students that good criticism is informed by a set of coherent assumptions, and will encourage them to recognize and ex amine their own assumptions about literature. Finally, I have compiled a glossary of key terms that recur in these volumes and in the discourse of contemporary theory and critjci~m. We hope that the Case Studies in Contemporary Criticism series will reaffirm the richness of its literary works, even as it introduces invigorating new ways to mine their appar ently inexhaustible wealth. Ross C Murfin Series Editor University of Miami About This Volume Part One takes as its basis the Herbert Davis edition of Gulliver's Travels, itself based largely on George Faulkner's Dublin edition of 1735. 'With the exception of some slight modernizations in spelling, I have retained original orthography and punctuation, and the illustra tions and maps prepared for eighteenth-century editions of S\vift's work. Part Two includes five exemplary critical essays that analyze Gulliver's Travels from ditferent contemporary theoretical perspectives: feminist, new historicist, deconstructive, reader response, and psycho anal~,tical. One of these essays, Terry Castle's, has been published pre viously. The other four, by Felicity Nussbaum, Carole Fabricant, Mi chael Conlon, and Carol Barash are new contributions. My own essays, on historical and biographical contexts of Swift's book, and its critical history, introduce each part. Acknowledgments This volume has especially benefited from conversation and criti cism of the contributors and of my Notre Dame colleagues in the eigh teenth century, particularly Seamus Deane, Julia Douthwaite, Thomas Jemielity, and James ·Walton. Student discussions in a 1994 Notre Dame undergraduate English seminar also improved the work, as did \,11 viii ABOUT THIS VOLUME the comments ofJohn Dussinger, Barbara Green, James Woolley, Rob ert Lambriola, Paul William Child, Thomas Kaska, Sean Kohl, and Geoffrey Fox. At various stages, Julie Costello, Hong Won Suh, and Margaret Stein have worked hard on this project. Laura Sue Fuderer, and David G. Schappert have brought to it the expertise of professional librarians. The work of the series editor, Ross C Murfin, and the won derful group of editors at Bedford Books, including Stephen A. Scipione, Ann Sweeney, and Jane Zanichkowsky has been exemplary. Each has made this a better book. Finally, I cannot thank enough my secretary, Nila Gerhold, who has worked on this project, with good natured patience and professionalism, from beginning to end. Christopher Fox University of Notre Dame Contents About the Series v About This Volume vii PART ONE Gulliver's Travels: The Complete Text Introduction: Biographical and Historical Contexts 3 The Complete Text 27 PART TWO Gulliver's Travels: A Case Study in Contemporary Criticism A Critical History of Gulliver's Travels 269 Feminist Criticism and Gulliver's Travels 305 What Is Feminist Criticism? 305 Feminist Criticism: A Selected Bibliography 312 IX
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