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REPUBLIC OF GUINEA " LABOUR JUSTICE SOLIDARITY " GUINEAN REVOLUTION AND SOCIAL PROGRESS GNPOPG C O IA O C IS by SEKOU TOURE R N O U M T A I RIODE IOTRAON ALGERIA LIBYA R U U.A.R. A M S I E L N A E M AS GAMBIA GAL (UPPERVOLT MEY NIGER O CHAD SUDAN H POGRSTUIUIEGRNEREAUASLEEONGEUINEAIVORYCOASGTH A N ALOGODA NIGECRAMIEAROUN CENTRREALPAUFBRLIIC ACN ETHIOPIASOMALIA LIBERIA ZAVOINLGLEO \UGANDA AZC KENYA R (B ) GABON CONGO RWANDA (LEOPOLDVILLE) Date of Accession to Independence BURUNDU of the African Countries: TANGANYIKA ZANZIBAR ETHIOPIA (1040 B.C.) CONGO (Brazzaville)(1960) D E LIBERIA (1847) CONGO(Leopoldville)(1960) NA QU GTGSLMUU.IUHUOANBIDA.RIYNRANOSA.ENAIC(A(C11D(M99O1(A529T112C59()6)516)9)56) SSNMMCGIEAOAAHGLNMUBAEIEARODRGLII(NAITA1(L9AA1(69N(016(1(9I0)9611)A6099066)00)())1960) ANGOLA NORRHTOHSDE(ORERUHNSOTIDHEAES IMRAONZLASAMBI DAGASCAR MCUDAPAAPMDKEEAOF T574238.28 TASTILAOEGNGREGORRAAIN(A1LY9EI6(0O1K9)NA62E)(1(9169161)) SOAUFTRHRIEWCPEAUBSLBTIUCCOHFUSAOUNTAHLAAFNRDICA MA NIGER RWANDA (1962) IVOR BURUNDI (1962) CENTI UGANDA (1962) REPUBLIC (1960) KENYA (1963) INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES NON-INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES HOOVER STANFORD LIBRARIES INSTITUTION > H.E. President A. Sékou Touré 1 “The quality of the Revolution is essentially in function of the degree of political consciousness and militant engagement of the people, who are at the same time its instrument and its object.” AHMED SEKOU TOURE DT543.22 T7282 vi6 apricana 966.52 T 7279 g cop . 2 FOREWORD The Guinean Revolution, conducted by the Democratic Party of Guinea, is inseparable from the general struggle being waged by all African peoples to achieve absolute liberty and total emancipation. Far from being a spontaneous development, Guinea's revolutionary movement is identified with the work of the Democratic Party of Guinea, which increased the effective ness of the freedom struggle by fixing successive targets for the people's militant action --- political independence, economic development, and social progress. The Guinean Revolution, inspired by a political thought which allows of no ambiguity, starts from Africa's genuine realities; as an integral part of the African scene, it contri butes to the dynamic prospects of accelerated evolution for our peoples. These characteristics are evident in the historical analysis serving as introduction to this volume, which is an , extract from the Report on Policy and Orientation submitted to the VIth P.D.G. Congress, held at Conakry from Decem ber 27, 1962 to January 1st, 1963., Ahmed Sékou TOURE Secretary General of the P.D.G. 1 INTRODUCTION HISTORICAL ANALYSIS Political situation after World War II. The political action conducted by the P.D.G. (Democratic Party of Guinea) cannot be properly analyzed without recalling the background against which our movement was born and developed until it was able effectively to assume the vast res ponsibilities of political and social education, management and administration which it had to undertake to create the condi tions for Guinea's achievement of independence. On the morrow of World War II, the victory of the democ ratic forces had awoken tremendous hopes in African peoples; yet, as contradictions of a political nature emerged within the anti-fascist front, they did not draw from that victory such benefit as had been expected, because the anti-fascist coalition proved unable to transcend the divergences among its various factions. Thus, far from being given a solution in furtherance of the interests of our exploited masses, the colonial issue grew more acute as the reactionary forces which opposed the liqui dation of their colonial privileges consolidated their front. In the case of countries under French rule, the colonial will for domination is illustrated by the many repressions and colonial wars which victimized the peoples of Asia and Africa all through the period from 1945 to 1962. But no European power was able to check the freedom movement which swept 7 - over the world, from Central Europe to the Middle East and the Far East, and successively resulted in the establishment and consolidation of people's democracies, the liberation of India, Burma and Indonesia, the foundation of the People's Republic of China, and the achievement of independence by Syria and Lebanon. The powerful surge roused by our awakening to conscious ness of our plight as exploited men and peoples, causing us to engage resolutely in the struggle for our liberation and eman cipation, that powerful surge, which will not be checked by any juridical or constitutional artifice, is today still sweeping over the world. No “ overseas province” status, no Portuguese cr Spanish alibi can resist it for much longer. Colonialism , indeed, will not simply destroy itself: it is trying to outlive its days through devising fresh solutions which it seeks to impose on the peoples still subject to its rule. Far from affirming that colonialism is outplayed, we must, on the contrary, be extremely watchful of its activity under its new guises; we must disclose and combat even its slightest manifestations, in order quickly to frustrate its schemings. The fact that inertia prevailed instead of an emancipation policy for the colonies was a precious lesson: it taught us that the colonial system could only be ciped off by the action of the colonial peoples themsolves. As a matter of fact, for all the declarations of intentions, and except for a few constitutional reforms, the colonial structures were maintained, and in many instances the economic and social conditions of the colonized peoples grew even worse. Thus, on the morrow of World War II, the colonial ap paratus reinforced its grip, through its administrative, judicial, military and economic structures, while further tightening the bonds of dependence -- a process inadequately camouflaged by institutional reforms which purposely were nrade ineffectual, but nonetheless allowed the colonial peoples to embark in the political and labour struggle. We might recall, in this connec tion, that it took five years for the draft on municipalities to be adopted by the French Parliament, after no small amputa 8