Guided weapons system design

184 Pages·2016·7.8 MB·English

by  Balakrishnan R.

GUIDED WEAPONS
SYSTEM DESIGN
GUIDED WEAPONS
SYSTEM DESIGN
R BALAKRISHNAN
Former Director of Technology
Defence Research and Development Laboratory
Hyderabad
Foreword by
DR APJ ABDUL M L A M
Scientific Adviser to Raksha Mantri
DEFENCE RESEARCH 88 DEVELOPMENT ORGANISATION
MINISTRY OF DEFENCE
-
NEW DELHI 110 01 1
1998
DRDO Monographs/Special Publications Series
GUIDED WEAPONS SYSTEM DESIGN
R Balakrishnan
Series Editors
Editor-in-Chief Associate Editor-in-Chief Associate Editor
SS Murthy M Singh Ashok Kumar
Editor Asst Editor
DS Bedi A Saravanan
Production
Printing Cover Design
SB Gupta SK Saxena
1998, Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre
@
(DESIDOC), Defence R&D Organisation, Delhi- 11 0 054.
All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the Indian Copyright
Act 1957, no part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed
or transmitted, stored in a database or a retrieval system, in any
form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
Publisher.
The views expressed in the book are those of the author only. The
Editors or Publisher do not assume responsibility for the
statements/opinions expressed by the author.
- -- - - - -
Printed and published by Director, DESIDOC, Metcalfe House, Delhi-1 10 054.
Dedicated
to the memory of
R Ramaswami Ayyar
my father
without whose help I would not have had
a chance to learn what I have
and
as a fitting comme~lnorationo f
the centenary year of his birth
on
11 April 1897
CONTENTS
Foreword xi
Preface xiii
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Engineering Design
1.1.1 Problem Solving Constraints
1.1.2. Solution Constraints
CHAPTER 2
THE DESIGN PROCESS
2.1 Identification of Design Solutions
2.2 Systems Designer's Point of View
CHAPTER 3
GUIDED WEAPONS SYSTEM
Saga of Weapon Development
Subsystems of Guided Weapon System
Observation Device
Guidance System
Line of Sight Policy
Proportional Navigational Policy
Control System
Warhead
Systems Study
System Model
Inertial Frame of Reference
Target Trajectory Model
Target Manoeuvre Planes
Dyanarnic Characteristics of the Weapon
Command Updating Time
Systems Simulation
Coverphoto: Line of Sight Guidance Scheme
CHAPTER 4
SYSTEMS STUDY FOR COMMAND GUIDED
WEAPON SYSTEMS
Command Guidance Policy-System Designer's
Point of View
System Model
Effect of Weave-Mode Damping
Reference Coordinate System
Mathematical Model
Constraint on Beam Width
Offset of Weapon from Line-of-Sight
Rate of Change of 8
Weapon Manoeuvre Plane
Direction of Lateral Acceleration
Net Acceleration on Weapon
Velocity and Position of Weapon
Command to Line-of-Sight Policy
CHAPTER 5
SYSTEM STUDY FOR PPOPORTIONAL NAVIGATION
WEAPON SYSTEM
5.1 Proportional Navigation Course-System Designer's
Point of View
5.1.1 Mathematical Model
5.1.2 Weapon Manoeuvre Plane
5.1.3 Net Acceleration on Weapon
5.1.4 Trajectory of Weapon
CHAPTER 6
AERODYNAMIC CONFIGURATION DESIGN
System Designer's Point of View
Configuration Model
Generation of Configuration Lift Force
Requirement of Static Stability
Static Margin
Controllability
Manoeuvre Force
Ensuring Necessary System Lag on Configuration
Short Period Dynamics of Configuration
Relating the with Configuration Parameters
Configuration Systems Study
Selection of Operating Angle of Attack
Normalised Governing Equations
Constraint Equations
Controllability Considerations
Magnitude of Control Force, LC
Generation of Manoeuvring Force
Limits of Stalling of Canard Control Surfaces
Constraint on the Nose Lift
Limits on the moment arm for the nose lift
Normalised Configuration Solutions
Tail-Controlled Vs Canard-ControlIed
Configurations
Conclusion
CHAPTER 7
PROPULSION SYSTEM DESIGN
7.1 Designer's Perception of the Propulsion System
7.2 Propulsion Policy
7.2.1 Case 1. Boost Sustained Policy
7.2.1.1 Sustained Phase of Flight
7.2.1.2 Boosting Phase
7.2.1.3 Assessment of the Mass of Weapon
7.2.2 Case 2. Boost Coast Policy
7.2.2.1 Coasting Phase of Flight
7.2.2.2 Boosting Phase
7.3 Conclusion
CHAPTER 8
STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF CONFIGURATION
8.1 Structural Designer's Point of View
CHAPTER 9
INTERACTIONS IN GUIDED WEAPON SYSTEMS
9.1 First Level-The Outer Loop
9.2 Second Level
9.3 Third Level
APPENDIX A
ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE--BEAM RIDER POLICY 111
APPENDIX B
ILLUSTRATNE EXAMPLE--CLOS POLICY
APPENDIX C
SYSTEMS STUDY ON SHOULDER FIRED MISSILES
APPENDIX D
CONFIGURATION SOLUTIONS
Bibliography
Index
Dr. R. Balakrishnan has brought out his vast experience in
design and development of various missile systems in the form of a
monograph for missile design. It is a well-prepared document and
tremendous efforts have gone in detailing system design with
illustrative examples for surface-to-air missile system.
The monograph outlines system analysis and design in nine
chapters. The design cycle covering the activity, responsibility and
constraints, described in Chapter 1, discusses the existence of diverse
configurations meeting the same mission requirements. A detailed
methodology for guided weapons system study based on essential
functional features is developed in Chapter 2. The four important
elements of the design problem are highlighted here and an
admissible solution region is obtained for a fighter aircraft and a
sailplane as case studies. In Chapter 3, a system model is described
to include observation device, navigation and control system, and
warhead effectiveness through miss distance, for a given target
trajectory. Mathematical models based on command guidance policy
have been developed in Chapter 4 and various important parameters
like gain (k), velocity ratio (V,/ V;), command update time and rise
time are evaluated for a surface-to-air weapon system. Similar
mathematical models are developed in Chapter 5 for a chosen
proportional navigation guidance policy. In Chapters 6, 7 and 8, the
specification for aerodynamic configuration design, propulsion
system design and structural design of the configuration have been
generated using system model studies and nomograms to obtain
admissible solution range for different characteristics of guided
weapon systems have been generated. The levels of interaction in a
guided weapons system design are discussed in Chapter 9.
This monograph, indeed, provides an effective approach to a
guided weapon system design to meet the users' requirement from
the fundamental system studies taking performance as a
consideration within the given constraints. This monograph will be
useful as a technical reference document and is highly suitable for
the young scientists who are entering into the field of design of
missile systems.
(APJ Abdul Kalam)
Scientific Adviser to Raksha Mantri