Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures

1117 Pages·2010·27.58 MB·English

by  Ronald D. Ziemian

Edited by Ronald D. Ziemian
Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Guide to Stability Design Criteria for Metal Structures, Sixth Edition
GUIDE TO STABILITY DESIGN
CRITERIA FOR METAL
STRUCTURES
JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC.
Edited by
RONALD D. ZIEMIAN
Sixth Edition
GUIDE TO STABILITY
DESIGN CRITERIA FOR
METAL STRUCTURES
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData:
Guidetostabilitydesigncriteriaformetalstructures/editedbyRonaldD.Ziemian. – 6thed.
p.cm.
Includesindex.
ISBN978-0-470-08525-7(cloth)
1.Columns.2.Girders.I.Ziemian,RonaldD.
TA660.C6G852010
624.1(cid:2)821—dc22
2009020807
PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica
10987654321
1.1 From the Metal Column to the Structural System / 1
1.2 Scope and Summary of the Guide / 2
1.3 Mechanical Properties of Structural Metals / 3
1.4 Definitions / 5
1.5 Postbuckling Behavior / 8
1.6 Credits for the Chapters in the Sixth Edition of
the SSRC Guide / 9
References / 11
2.1 Introduction / 12
2.2 Bifurcation Buckling / 13
2.3 Limit-Load Buckling / 20
References / 22
3.1 Introduction / 23
3.2 Column Strength / 25
v
PREFACE xiii
NOTATIONANDABBREVIATIONS xv
CHAPTER1 INTRODUCTION 1
CHAPTER2 STABILITYTHEORY 12
CHAPTER3 CENTRALLYLOADEDCOLUMNS 23
CONTENTS
3.3 Influence of Imperfections / 29
3.4 Influence of End Restraint / 44
3.5 Strength Criteria for Steel Columns / 52
3.6 Aluminum Columns / 63
3.7 Stainless Steel Columns / 79
3.8 Tapered Columns / 85
3.9 Built-Up Columns / 90
3.10 Stepped Columns / 104
3.11 Guyed Towers / 109
References / 114
4.1 Introduction / 128
4.2 Elastic Local Buckling of Flat Plates / 130
4.3 Inelastic Buckling, Postbuckling, and Strength
of Flat Plates / 145
4.4 Buckling, Postbuckling, and Strength of
Stiffened Plates / 163
4.5 Buckling of Orthotropic Plates / 180
4.6 Interaction between Plate Elements / 188
References / 193
5.1 Introduction / 205
5.2 Elastic Lateral–Torsional Buckling, Prismatic
I-Section Members / 208
5.3 Fundamental Comparison of Design Standards,
Prismatic I-Section Members / 232
5.4 Stepped, Variable Web Depth and Other
Nonprismatic I-Section Members / 236
5.5 Continuous-Span Composite I-Section Members / 240
5.6 Beams with Other Cross-Sectional Types / 242
5.7 Design for Inelastic Deformation Capacity / 243
5.8 Concluding Remarks / 246
References / 247
6.1 Introduction / 257
6.2 Preliminary Sizing / 259
CONTENTS
vi
CHAPTER4 PLATES 128
CHAPTER5 BEAMS 205
CHAPTER6 PLATEGIRDERS 257
6.3 Web Buckling as a Basis for Design / 261
6.4 Shear Strength of Plate Girders / 262
6.5 Girders with No Intermediate Stiffeners / 274
6.6 Steel Plate Shear Walls / 275
6.7 Bending Strength of Plate Girders / 277
6.8 Combined Bending and Shear / 280
6.9 Plate Girders with Longitudinal Stiffeners / 283
6.10 End Panels / 290
6.11 Design of Stiffeners / 290
6.12 Panels under Edge Loading / 293
6.13 Fatigue / 305
6.14 Design Principles and Philosophies / 305
6.15 Girders with Corrugated Webs / 306
6.16 Research Needs / 311
References / 312
7.1 Introduction / 321
7.2 Bases of Design / 323
7.3 Buckling of Wide Flanges / 326
7.4 Bending Strength of Box Girders / 344
7.5 Nominal Shear Strength of Box Girders / 345
7.6 Strength of Box Girders under Combined
Bending, Compression, and Shear / 348
7.7 Influence of Torsion on Strength of Box Girders / 353
7.8 Diaphragms / 353
7.9 Top-Flange Lateral Bracing of Quasi-Closed
Sections / 365
7.10 Research Needs / 367
References / 368
8.1 Introduction / 371
8.2 Strength of Beam-Columns / 373
8.3 Uniaxial Bending: In-Plane Strength / 375
8.4 Uniaxial Bending: Lateral–Torsional Buckling / 386
8.5 Equivalent Uniform Moment Factor / 392
8.6 Biaxial Bending / 394
CONTENTS
vii
CHAPTER7 BOXGIRDERS 321
CHAPTER8 BEAM-COLUMNS 371
8.7 Special Topics / 404
References / 405
9.1 Introduction / 413
9.2 Historical Review / 414
9.3 Fabrication and Construction / 416
9.4 Analysis Methods / 421
9.5 Stability of Curved I-Girders / 423
9.6 Stability of Curved Box Girders / 440
9.7 Concluding Remarks / 442
References / 442
10.1 Introduction / 456
10.2 U.S.–Japan Research Program / 460
10.3 Cross-Sectional Strength of Composite Sections / 467
10.4 Other Considerations for Cross-Sectional Strength / 471
10.5 Length Effects / 473
10.6 Force Transfer between Concrete and Steel / 474
10.7 Design Approaches / 478
10.8 Structural Systems and Connections for
Composite and Hybrid Structures / 484
10.9 Summary / 486
References / 486
11.1 Introduction / 493
11.2 Review of Experimental and Analytical Research / 494
11.3 Single-Angle Compression Members / 501
11.4 Current Industry Practice for Hot-Rolled
Single-Angle Members in the United States / 507
11.5 Design Criteria for Hot-Rolled Angle Columns
in Europe, Australia, and Japan / 511
11.6 Design of Axially Loaded Cold-Formed Single
Angles / 512
CONTENTS
viii
CHAPTER9 HORIZONTALLYCURVEDSTEELGIRDERS 413
CHAPTER10 COMPOSITECOLUMNSANDSTRUCTURAL
SYSTEMS 456
CHAPTER11 STABILITYOFANGLEMEMBERS 493
11.7 Concluding Remarks on the Compressive
Strength of Eccentrically Loaded Single-Angle
Members / 514
11.8 Multiple Angles in Compression / 514
11.9 Angles in Flexure / 522
References / 526
12.1 Introduction / 531
12.2 Background / 533
12.3 Safety Factors, φ Factors, and Definitions / 536
12.4 Relative Braces for Columns or Frames / 537
12.5 Discrete Bracing Systems for Columns / 538
12.6 Continuous Column Bracing / 541
12.7 Lean-on Systems / 542
12.8 Columns Braced on One Flange / 544
12.9 Beam Buckling and Bracing / 545
12.10 Beam Bracing / 546
References / 553
13.1 Introduction / 556
13.2 Member Stability Modes (Elastic) / 557
13.3 Effective Width Member Design / 571
13.4 Direct Strength Member Design / 581
13.5 Additional Design Considerations / 596
13.6 Structural Assemblies / 599
13.7 Stainless Steel Structural Members / 604
13.8 Aluminum Structural Members / 606
13.9 Torsional Buckling / 610
References / 611
14.1 Introduction / 626
14.2 Description of Buckling Behavior / 629
14.3 Unstiffened or Heavy-Ring-Stiffened Cylinders / 631
CONTENTS
ix
CHAPTER12 BRACING 531
CHAPTER13 THIN-WALLEDMETALCONSTRUCTION 556
CHAPTER14 CIRCULARTUBESANDSHELLS 626
14.4 General Instability of Ring-Stiffened Cylinders / 651
14.5 Stringer- or Ring-and-Stringer-Stiffened Cylinders / 658
14.6 Effects on Column Buckling / 660
14.7 Cylinders Subjected to Combined Loadings / 664
14.8 Strength and Behavior of Damaged and
Repaired Tubular Columns / 669
References / 669
15.1 Introduction / 678
15.2 Buckling of the Compression Chord / 679
15.3 Effect of Secondary Factors on Buckling Load / 685
15.4 Top-Chord Stresses due to Bending of Floor
Beams and to Initial Chord Eccentricities / 686
15.5 Design Example / 686
15.6 Plate Girder with Elastically Braced
Compression Flange / 689
15.7 Guyed Towers / 689
References / 690
16.1 Introduction / 692
16.2 Methods of Analysis / 693
16.3 Frame Behavior / 705
16.4 Frame Stability Assessment Using
Second-Order Analysis / 724
16.5 Overview of Current Code Provisions / 741
16.6 Structural Integrity and Disproportionate
Collapse Resistance / 748
16.7 Concluding Remarks / 753
References / 754
17.1 Introduction / 762
17.2 In-Plane Stability of Arches / 764
17.3 Out-of-Plane Stability of Arches / 782
17.4 Braced Arches and Requirements for Bracing
Systems / 792
CONTENTS
x
CHAPTER15 MEMBERSWITHELASTICLATERAL
RESTRAINTS 678
CHAPTER16 FRAMESTABILITY 692
CHAPTER17 ARCHES 762