Groundwater Chemicals Desk Reference

1746 Pages·2007·7.395 MB·English

by  John H. Montgomery

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Library of Congress Cataloging‑in‑Publication Data
Montgomery, John H. (John Harold), 1955‑
Groundwater chemicals desk reference / John H. Montgomery. ‑‑ 4th ed.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN‑13: 978‑0‑8493‑9276‑4
ISBN‑10: 0‑8493‑9276‑4
1. Groundwater‑‑Pollution‑‑Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Pollutants‑‑Handbooks, manuals, etc. I.
Title.
TD426.M66 2007
628.1’61‑‑dc22 2006039230
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This book is dedicated
to my daughter, Kelly E. Montgomery,
for her love of nature and everything within it

and

to those untiring individuals dedicated in
protecting our fragile environment

John H. Montgomery, P.G.

John H. Montgomery is a senior project hydrogeologist at Groundwater & Environmental Services, in
Neptune, New Jersey; he has held this position since 1990. He was a research chemist for several
years, leaving in 1986 to work for the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection as an
acting section chief. He received his A.Sc. in Chemistry and Mathematics from Brookdale Community
College in Lincroft, New Jersey and a B.Sc. in geology from Stockton State College in Pomona, New
Jersey. He is a registered geologist in Pennsylvania and certified subsurface evaluator in New Jersey.

Mr. Montgomery has provided technical assistance to the United States Environmental Protection
Agency, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, New Jersey Petroleum Council, major
oil corporations, and environmental engineering firms. He is the author of six publications in
environmental chemistry and hydrogeology. Research interests include implementing innovative
advanced oxidative technologies to remediate hazardous substances in the environment. He is actively
engaged in research and investigation of structure-property relationships in agricultural and
environmental chemistry to predict the fate of contaminants in various environmental compartments.
He is a member of the New Jersey Geological Society and the American Chemical Society. Mr.
Montgomery is listed in Who’s Who in Science and Engineering for contributions in hydrogeology and
environmental sciences.

Preface

The proliferation of research publications and continuing public awareness dealing with the fate,
transport, and remediation of hazardous substances in the environment has stimulated this fourth
edition of the Groundwater Chemicals Desk Reference.
Since the publication of the third edition, additional data have been critically reviewed. New or
additional data included in this edition are bioconcentration factors, aquatic mammalian toxicity
values, degradation rates, corresponding half-lives in various environmental compartments, ionization
potentials, aqueous solubility of miscellaneous compounds, Henry’s law constants, biological,
chemical, and theoretical oxygen demand values for various organic compounds. Five additional
tables have been added: Test Method Number Index, Dielectric Values of Earth Materials and Fluids,
Lowest Odor Threshold Concentrations of Organic Compounds in Water, and Lowest Threshold
Concentrations of Organic Compounds in Water.
In many instances, investigation of sites contaminated by hazardous substances requires knowledge
of the origin and source of the release(s). To facilitate this forensic investigation process, a section
was added describing potential sources of compounds detected in the environment. This information
should prove useful in determining the origin and timing of the release as well as formulating
reasonable assessments in identifying potential responsible parties.
The presentation of data remains virtually unchanged in this edition to make it easy for the reader to
locate information. When available, photolytic, hydrolysis, biodegradation, and volatilization half-
lives of chemicals in various media are included. In addition, data have been added to various tables
and indexes including conversion factors, synonyms, replacement of estimated physicochemical
values with experimentally determined values, octanol-water partition coefficients, dielectric constants
of various liquids and geologic materials, compounds detected in water soluble fractions of various
refined petroleum hydrocarbon products, toxicity information, aqueous solubility, adsorption
information, bioconcentration factors, and test methods. This edition also includes drinking water
exposure limits reported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. A Degradation Product,
Impurities, and Chemical Composition Index was added to facilitate the origin of compounds and their
degradation products in the environment. An Appendix is included which includes environmental fate
data for 297 compounds not included in the main text. The lowest odor and/or taste thresholds of
compounds profiled in the main text are now included.
The book is based on more than 4,300 references, an increase of more than 1,700 references since
the third edition. Most of the citations cited herein were obtained from peer-reviewed, original
publications in the documented literature. Every effort has been made to present precise, accurate, and
reliable information in a clear, consistent format. The publisher and author would appreciate hearing
from readers regarding corrections and suggestions for material that might be included for use in
future editions.
Anyone who has written a book or published a peer-reviewed paper knows that authors need editors
and vice versa. The author is grateful to Jill J. Jurgenson, Senior Project Coordinator, and Ms. Michele
Dimont, Project Editor, at Taylor & Francis for their invaluable contributions, suggestions, comments,
and revisions to this latest edition. I am also grateful to Caroline I. Drucker for her patience and efforts
in obtaining many peer-reviewed articles. Their efforts were invaluable and the time saved allowed me
to focus on finalizing this book. Many thanks to the production staff of Taylor & Francis and
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and helpful suggestions.
I hope that this latest edition will continue to be a valuable resource to those in the environmental
community dedicated in preserving, protecting, and remediating our environment.

John H. Montgomery, P.G.