Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction: Proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Ground Support, Perth, Australia, 28-30 September 2004

1270 Pages·2004·20.502 MB·English

by  Villaescusa, Ernesto

GROUND SUPPORT IN MINING AND
UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION
PROCEEDINGS OF THE FIFTH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GROUND
SUPPORT, 28–30 SEPTEMBER 2004, PERTH, WESTERN AUSTRALIA
Ground Support in Mining and
Underground Construction
Edited by
Ernesto Villaescusa
Western Australian School of Mines, Kalgoorlie,
Western Australia
Yves Potvin
Australian Centre for Geomechanics, Perth,
Western Australia

A.A. BALKEMA PUBLISHERS LEIDEN/LONDON/NEW
YORK/PHILADELPHIA/SINGAPORE
Cover: Ground support in development heading following multiple rockbursts (Provided by
Professor E.Villaescusa)
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Ground Support in Mining and Underground Construction—Villaescusa & Potvin
(eds.)
© 2004 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 90 5809 640 8

ISBN 0-203-02392-7 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN 90 5809 640 8 (Print Edition)
Table of Contents

Foreword x
Organization xii

Keynote lectures

The dynamic environment of ground support and reinforcement 2

E.T.Brown
A review of long, high capacity reinforcing systems used in rock engineering 26

C.R.Windsor

1 Case studies

The evolution of ground support practices at Mount Isa Mines 71

L.B.Neindorf
A case study of ground support improvement at Perseverance Mine 86

D.B.Tyler & M.Werner
A fall of ground case study—an improved understanding of the behaviour of a 106
major fault and its interaction with ground support
I.G.T.Thin, B.J.Andrew & M.J.Beswick
Field experiments on cable bolting for pre-reinforcement of rock masses—first 131
application to an underground powerhouse in Japan
M.Kashiwayanagi, N.Shimizu, T.Hoshino & F.Ito
Seismic and support behaviour, a case study: the April 22nd, 2003 Rockburst, 163
Reservas Norte sector, El Teniente Mine, Codelco Chile
E.Rojas, R.Dunlop, A.Bonani, E.Santander, S.Celis & A.Belmonte
Integrated ground support design in very weak ground at Cayeli Mine 178

M.Yumlu & W.F.Bawden

2 Rock mass characterisation

Three-dimensional rock mass characterisation for the design of excavations and 205

estimation of ground support requirements
P.M.Cepuritis
Geotechnical block modelling at BHP Billiton Cannington Mine 230

D.A.Luke & A.Edwards
The application of a rock mass rating system at Tau Lekoa Mine 246

M.J.Dunn & G.Hungwe
Determination of rock mass behaviour as an integral part in rock mass 261
characterisation using probabilistic methods
M.Pötsch, W.Schubert, A.Goricki & A.Steidl

3 Modelling

Rock mass characterization for numerical modelling of ground stability control 290
in mining
C.Wang
Axial force distribution of friction-anchored rockbolts 311

T.Aoki, I.Otsuka, K.Shibata, Y.Adachi, S.Ogawa & T.Tanaka
A case study on stochastic fracture geometry modeling in 3-D including 337
validations for a tunneling site in USA
P.H.S.W.Kulatilake, J.Um, M.Wang, R.F.Escandon & J.Narvaiz
Modelling of rockbolt behavior around tunnels with emphasis on stress 363
distribution on the rockbolt shank
A.Fahimifar & H.Soroush

4 In situ and laboratory testing

Changing to the Posimix4 resin bolt for Jumbo and Quick-Chem™ at Mt 380
Charlotte mine
PA.Mikula
Bolt surface profiles—an important parameter in load transfer capacity appraisal 396

N.Aziz
Extent and mechanisms of gloving and unmixed resin in fully encapsulated roof 416
bolts and a review of recent developments
R.J.Mould, R.N.Campbell & S.A.MacGregor
The effect of rock strength on shear behaviour of fully grouted bolts 435

N.Aziz, J.Hossein & M.S.N.Hadi
Research on new anchoring method by physical modelling and field testing 455

W.Zhu, Q.Liu & P.Wang

5 Open pit

Highly flexible catch fences and high performance drape mesh systems for 472

rockfall protection in open pit operations
R.Coates, G.Bull, F.J.Glisson & A.Roth
Artificial rehabilitation and control of open pit slope crests and batters 489

A.G.Thompson, P.R.O’Bryan & C.M.Orr

6 Dynamic testing

Dynamic capable ground support development and application 510

T.Li, E.T.Brown, J.Coxon & U.Singh
Field performance of cone bolts at Big Bell Mine 526

J.R.Player
Performance assessment of tendon support systems submitted to dynamic loading 548

D.Gaudreau, M.Aubertin & R.Simon
Performance of rockburst support systems in Canadian mines 574

V.Falmagne & B.P.Simser
Assessing the in-situ performance of ground support systems subjected to 587
dynamic loading
D.Heal, M.Hudyma & Y.Potvin
Dynamic testing of rock reinforcement using the momentum transfer concept 601

J.R.Player, E.Villaescusa & A.G.Thompson
Simulation and analysis of dynamically loaded reinforcement systems 630

A.G.Thompson, J.R.Player & E.Villaescusa

7 Rockfalls and failure mechanisms

Controlling rockfall risks in Australian underground metal mines 669

Y.Potvin & P.Nedin
Failure modes and support of coal roofs 684

R.W.Seedsman
Rockfalls in Western Australian underground metalliferous mines 697

A.M.Lang & C.D.Stubley
Back analysis of block fallsin underground excavations: The experience in panel 721
caving at El Teniente Mine-Codelco Chile
A.Bonani, E.Rojas, F.Brunner M. & F.Fernández L.
Quality in ground support management 744

T.Szwedzicki
Support evaluation and quality assurance for AngloGold Ashanti Limited’s SA 763
region
M.J.Dunn
Ground support practices at Brunswick Mine, NB, Canada 778

D.Gaudreau
8 Civil engineering and tunnelling

100-year design life of rock bolts and shotcrete 794

R.Bertuzzi
Design and construction of water dams against 1000 m hydraulic pressure 805

H.-J.Benning, K.H.Hülsmann & H.Schorn
Thermo-chemo-mechanical assessment of support effectiveness during tunneling 816
in squeezing conditions
D.Boldini, R.Lackner & H.A.Mang
Risk-based design using numerical modelling 840

T.R.Silverton, A.H.Thomas & D.B.Powell
Application of nondestructive stress measurement technique for safety 851
assessment of underground structures
S.Akutagawa, K.Ohi, T.Shimura, M.Ota, K.Yasuhara & K.Matsuoka
Support performance control in large underground caverns using instrumentation 871
and f ield monitoring
M.Moosavi, A.Jafari & M.Pasha Nejati
Rock mass classification and complementary analyses of use in tunnel design 882

C.Laughton

9 Design

Rock reinforcement design for overstressed rock using three dimensional 903
numerical modeling
T.Wiles, E.Villaescusa & C.R.Windsor
Issues in selection and design of ore pass support 916

J.Hadjigeorgiou, J.F.Lessard & F.Mercier-Langevin
Ground support—predicting when to change the pattern 928

P.M.Dight

10 Corrosion

Premature bolt failures in Australian coal mines due to stress corrosion cracking 950

B.K.Hebblewhite, M.Fabjanczyk, P.Gray & A.Crosky
The corrosion of rock bolts and cable bolts 973

I.Satola & J.Aromaa
Corrosion assessment of ground support systems 990

R.Hassell, E.Villaescusa, A.G.Thompson & B.Kinsella

11 Surface support
Hydro scaling and in-cycle shotcrete at Waroonga mine, Western Australia 1016

P.A.Jenkins, J.Mitchell & B.Upton
Strength and stiffness of shotcrete-rock interface—a laboratory study 1036

D.Saiang, L.Malmgren & E.Nordlund
Investigations into mechanisms of rock support provided by sprayed liners 1059

T.R.Stacey & X.Yu
Large scale static laboratory tests of different support systems 1069

M.L.Van Sint Jan & P.Cavieres
The use of cementitious linings to protect ore passes in the mining industry 1084

D.Van Heerden
Performance assessment of high-tensile steel wire mesh for ground support under 1107
seismic conditions
A.Roth, C.R.Windsor, J.Coxon & R.deVries

12 Other support

Pillar replacement using pre-stressed timber props 1122

A.Czerw & P.R.O’Bryan
A probabilistic approah to determining stable inter-pillar spans on Tau Lekoa 1131
Mine
M.J.Dunn
Backfill at Sons of Gwalia Mine 1153

R.Varden & A.Henderson
Measurement and prediction of internal stresses in an underground opening 1165
during its filling with cemented fill
T.Belem, A.Harvey, R.Simon & M.Aubertin
Mining and support of tunnels in minefill at BHP Billiton Cannington Mine 1192

D.A.Luke
An overview of the use of paste backfill technology as a ground support method 1206
in cut-and-fill mines
T.Belem & M.Benzaazoua
Raise climber—supporting method for stability of raise development in Pongkor 1237
Gold Mine, Indonesia
A.Taufik & H.Sudarman

Author Index 1253