nnaajjaaffiiddmm Grossma&n B airn's CardiCaact heterization, Angiography, andI ntervention EIGHTHE DITINO nnaajjaaffiiddmm nnaajjaaffiiddmm Grossma&n B aisrn ' CardiCaact heterization, Angiography, and Intervention EIGH TH EDITION EDITOR MAURO MOSCUCCI,M D, MBA ProfesosfoM re dicine ChairmaDne,p artmeonfMt e dici(nAec ting) ChieCfa,r diovasDciuvliasri on UniversoifMt iya miM illSecrh ooolfM edicine MiamiF,l orida • I • _WotlerKsl uweLrpip incoWtiltl i&aW misl kins! Health Phialdlpehia• Balti• mNoerwe Y· Loorkn don BuenAoisr• eHso ng Kong·· T oSkyyod ney nnaajjaaffiiddmm AcquisEidtiitoJonurslG:i oe o lsby Product MLaenaangnVeear n:d etty ProducPtrjioeocMnta n agDearv:iO dr zechowski SeniMoarnf uactiunrMga nagBeert:Wh e lsh DesiCgonod rinajtooarWn:e ndt ProducSteirovnIi nctee:Sg orfat wSaerrev iPcvetLs.t d © 2014b yL IPPINCOTWTI LLIAMS& WILKINSa, W OLTERSK LUWER business TwoC ommercSeq uare 200IM arkeStt reet PhiladelpPhAi 1a9,1 03U SA LWW.com 7the diti©o n2 006b yL IPPINCOTT WILLI&AM WSI LKINS 6the diti©o n2 000b yL IPPINCOTWTI LLIAMS& WILKINS 5the diti©o n1996b yW ILLIAMS& WILKINS Alrli ghrtess ervTehdib.so oki sp rotecbtyce odp yriNgohp ta.r otft hibso okm ayb er eproduicnae ndy f orbmy anym eansi,n cludpihnogt ocopyoirun tgi,l ibzyea dn yi nformasttioornaa gnedr etriseyvsatlwe imt hout written permissfrioomtn h ceo pyright eoxwcnefeportbr, r iqeufo tations eimncb roidtiiecda la nadrr teivcileMewasst .e rials appeariintn hgi bso opkr epabryei dn dividauspa alrsot ft heoifrfi cdiuatli aesUs . Sg.o vernmeemnptl oyaereneso t coverbeytd h aeb ove-mentioned copyright. PrintienCd h ina LibraorfyC ongresCsa taloging-in-PuDbaltiac ation Cardicaact heteriaznagtiioognr,,aa npdhi yntervention. Grossm&a nB airnc'asr dicaact heteriaznagtiiooghnry,,aa pndi nterveIne tdiiotnMo aru,r Moo scucMcDi,,M BA, profesosfmo erd icicnhea,i rmDaenp,a rtmoefnM etd iciUnnei,v erosfiM tiya mMii llSecrh oooflM ediciMniea,m i, Flori-dEai.ghetdhi tion. pageesm Inclubdiebsl iograrpehfiecraealnn cdie nsd ex. ISB9N7 8-1-4511-(2h7a4r0d-b9a ck) l.C ardicaact heteri2z.aA tnigoino.g r.aI p.Mh oyscucMcaiu,r oe,d itoofcr o mpilaItIiT.oi nt.lI eIT.Ii .t le: Grossman andB airnc'asr dicaact heteriaznagtiiooghnry,a,a npdi ntervention. RC683.5.C2250C1338 616.1'20754-dc23 2013025399 Carhea sb eetna ketnoc onfirtmh ea ccuroafct yh ei nformaptrieosne natnedtd o d escrgiebnee raalclcye pted practiHcoewse.v etrh,ae u thoerdsi,t oarnsdp, u blisahrenero tr esponsfioberlr er oorros m issioornf soa rn yc onse quencferso amp plicaotfti hoienn formaitnti hoinbs o oakn dm aken ow arra,ne txypresosrie mdp liweidt,rh e spect tot hec urre,nc coympleteonrea scsc,u roafct yh ec onteonftt sh ep ublicaAtpipolni.c aotfti hoeni nformaitnia o n particsuiltaura rteimoani tnhspe r ofessrieosnpaoln siobfti hlpeir tayc titioner. Thea uthoerdsi,t oarnsdp, u blishhaevree x erteevde reyf fotroet n sutrhea dtr usge lecatnidod no sasgeeft o ritnh thitse xatr ien a ccordawnictcehu rrernetc ommendaatnidpo rnasc taittc hete i moefp ublicaHtoiwoenv.ei rnv, i eowf ongoirnegs eacrhcahn,g iengs o vernmreengtu latainodtn hsce,o nstfalnotow fi nformarteiloantt iodn rgu tgh erapy andd rurge actitohnrese ,a diesur r getdoc hectkh ep ackaignes efroter a cdhr ufgo arn yc hangieni ndicatainodn s dosaagned f oard dewda rninagnsdp recautTihoinisssp . a rticularly whiemnpt ohrert eacnotm menadgeedn itsa newo ri nfrequeemnptlloyy derdu g. Somed rugasn dm edicdaelv icperse senitnte hdpe u blicahtaivoFeno oda ndD ruAgd ministr(aFtDiAco)ln e ar ancfeo lri mituesdei nr estrircetseedas rectht iIntig sts h.re e sponsiobfti hlheie tayl ctahr per ovitdoea rs certthaei n FDAs tatoufes a cdhr uogr d evipclea nnfeodur s ei nt hecilri nipcraalc tice. Top urchaadsed iticoonpailoe fts h ibso okc,a lolu rc ustomseerr vdiecpea rtmaet(n 8t0 06)3 8-30o3rf0 a oxr ders to( 3012)2 3-23I2n0t.e rnatciuosntaolms ehrosu cladl (l3 012)2 3-2300. VisLiitp pincWoitltl ia&m Wsi lkionnst heI nteranteL:tW W.com.L ippincWoitllti a&m Wsi lkicnuss tomer servriecper esentaaratevi avielsfra obml8 e: 3a0mt o6 :0p0m,E ST. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 nnaajjaaffiiddmm Tom y mentorasn dc olleaguesG-rBoislslm aann d DonalBda irn-recognitzhienicgrh arismavtiisci aonnd persistiennc cree atianngdt hens ustaintihnitgse xtbooovke trh e pas3t0 y earasn,d i nt rainainndgm entorimnugl tipgleen erations ofc ardiologists. Andt om y wifAed riaannad m y childrAelne,s sanadnrdaM atteo, fort heiurn derstandfionrtg h,e ilro vaen ds upporatn,df or adaptitnhge ilri fteot hem anym onthosf n ighatn dw eekend workt hawte rer equirteocd r eatthei Esi ghtEhd ition. nnaajjaaffiiddmm nnaajjaaffiiddmm Contributors PAOLOA NGELINMID,,F SCAI DANIEBLU RKHOFMF,D MAURICIGO.C OHENM,D ,F ACC, MedicDailr ector AdjunAcsts ociPartoef essor FSCAI Centefro Cro ronaArryt eArnyo malies DepartmeonfMt e dicine AssociPartoef esosfMo erd icine TexaHse arItn stiattuS tteL. u ke's ColumbUinai versity Director EpiscoHpoaslp ital NewY orkN,e wY ork CardiCaact heteriLzaabtoiroant ory HoustoTne,x as RONALDP. C APUTOM,D ,F ACCF,S CAIC ardiovasDciuvliasri on GABRIELEEG IDAYS SENZMAD, Director DepartmoefnM te dicine BostoAnd ulCto ngeniatnadPl u lmonaryC ardiSaecr vices UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf HypertenPsrioognr am Stj.o sepHho'ss pital Medicine Brighaamn dW omen'Hso spital SyracuNseew,Y ork MiamiF,l orida BostoMna,s sachusetts BLASAE. C ARABELLMO. D KEVINC ROCEM,D ,P hD BostoCnh ildrHeons'psi tal ProfesosfMo erd icine Brighaamn dW omen'Hso spital BostoMna,s sachusetts Vice-ChairDmeapna,r tmeonfMt e dicineC ardiovasDciuvliasri on DepartmoefnC tl iniacnadlM olecular HarvaMredd icSaclh ool TheW A. "Texa"n dD eboraMho ncrijerf , Medicine Baylor CoolfMl eedgiec ine BostoMna,s sachusetts "SapieUnnziav ersdiiRt oam'a "M edical MedicCaalr Lei nEex ecutive JAMESC .F ANGM,D School VeteraAnfsf aMierdsi cCaeln ter ProfesosfMo erd icine RomeI,t aly DirectCoern,t efro Hre arVta lvDei sease Chief STEPHEN BALPThEDR , ChieoffC ardiology CardiovasDciuvliasri on Professor TexaHse arItn stiattuS tteL. u ke's UniversoifUt tya h CliniRcaadli ol(oPghyy si(cisMn)e dicine) EpiscoHpoaslp ital SalLta kCe it,Uy tah ColumbUinai versity HoustoTne,x as TEDE .F ELDMANM,D ,F SCAI, NewY orkN,e wY ork JOHND .C ARROLLM,D FACCF,E SC ARNONB LUMM,D ProfesosfMo erd icine Director, Director UniversoifCt oyl oraSdcoh ooolf CardiCaact heteriLzaabtoiroant ories DepartmeonfMt e dicine Medicine EvanstHoons pital BarucPha dePho riHao spitaanldF acultyD irector NorthShUonriev ersHietayl thSystem ofM edicine InterventCiaorndailo logy EvanstIolnl,i nois BarI laUnn iversity Co-MediDciarle cCtaorrd iaancd V asculaMrI CHAEAL. F IFEMRD, LoweGra lilIeser,a el Center AssociPartoef essor BARRYA .B ORLAUGM,D ,F ACC UniversoifCt oyl oraHdoos pital DepartmeonfMt e dicine AssociPartoef esosfMo erd icine AurorCao,l orado HarvaMredd icSaclh ool MayoM edicSaclh ool SANDRAV. CHAPARRMOD, Director Consultant AssistParnotf esosfMo erd icine CardiCaact heteriLzaabtoiroant ory CatheteriLzaabtP ihoyns ician Medicine/Cardiovascular/HeMaarsts achusGeetntesrH aols pital CardiovasDciusleaars es Transplant BostoMna,s sachusetts MayoC linRiocc hester CardiovasDciuvliasri on PETERF].IT ZGERALMDD,, P hD SainMta ryH'oss pital DepartmeofnM te dicine ProfesosfoM re dici(nCea rdiology) RochestMeirn,n esota UniversoirMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolr StanfoUrndi versity ARASHB ORNAKM,D Medicine StanfoCradl,i fornia AssistParnotf esosfSo urr gery MiamiF,l orida G.R ANDALGLR EENM,D , VasculaanrdE ndovascular SurgeKrYy UNGC HO,M D JD,MBA UniversoifMt iya miM,i llSecrh ooolf WilliMaamr tPerlo fesosfRo ard iology PrograDmi rector Medicine UniversoifMt iyc higHaena ltShy stem CardiSaucr gery jacksMoenm oriHaols pital DepartmeofnR ta diology Stj.o sepHho'ssp itHaela ltChe nter MiamiF,l orida DivisoifoI nn terventRiaodniaoll ogy SyracuNseew,Y ork AnnA rboMri,c higan VII nnaajjaaffiiddmm VIII Contributors WILLIAGMR OSSMANM,D DAVIRD. H OLMESJ,R .M,D AARONK UGELMASMSD, Charlaensd H eleSnc hwaEbn dowed ProfesosfMo erd icine ChieDfi,v isioofCn a rdiology Chair DepartmeonfCt a rdiovasDciusleaars es lectuirneM re diciTnuef,tU sn iversity PreventCiavred iology MayoC linic SchooolfM edicine Director RochestMeirn,n esota MedicDailr ectHoera,ra tn dV ascular Centefro Prr eventoifHo ena ratn d YASUHIRHOO NDAM,D ,F ACC, Center VasculDairs ease FAHA BaystMaetdei cCaeln ter ProfesosfMo erd icine CliniAcsaslo ciPartoef esosfMo erd icine SpringfiMealsds,a chusetts UniversoifCt ayl ifornia Co-Director ROGERJ.L AHAMM,D SanF rancisCcaol,i fornia CardiovasCcourleAa nra lylsaibso ratorAys sociPartoef esosfMo erd icine HARRIMS. H AQQANIM,B BSP,h D DivisoifoC na rdiovasMceudliacri ne HarvaMredd icSaclh ool Seniloerc turer StanfoUrndi versity oSfMc ehdoiocli ne BetIhs raDeela coneMsesd icCaeln ter UniversoifQt uye enslaSncdh ooolf StanfoCradl,i fornia BostoMna,s sachusetts Medicine MICHAERL. J AFDF,O MICHAELL]A.N DZBERMGD, SeniEolre ctrophysiologist AssociPartoef esosfMo erd icine AssociDaitree ctAodru,lP tu lmonary PrinCchea rlHeoss pital HarvaMredd icSaclh ool HypertenPsrioognr am BrisbaQnuee,e nsland Chair DirectBoors,t oAnd ulCto ngeniHteaalr t Australia MGH InstiftouHrte ea rVta,s culaanrd (BACH) JOSHUMA. H AREM,D StroCkaer e BostoCnh ildrHeons'psi tal LouiLse mberPgr ofesosfMo erd icine MassachusGeetntesr Haols pital HarvaMredd icSaclh ool DirecotfoI rn terdisciSptleimCn ealrly BostoMna,s sachusetts BostoMna,s sachusetts Institute SAMIRR .K APADIMAD, MICHAELL]I.M M,D ,F ACCF,S CAI InterdisciSptleimCn ealrIlyn stitute ProfesosfMo erd icine jacFko rdS helbEyn dowePdr ofessor CardiovasDciuvliasri on Director Director DepartmoenfMt e dicine SoneCsa rdiCaact heterilzaabtoiroant orDyi visoifoC na rdiolaongdy UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf ClevelCalnidn ic Co-Director Medicine ClevelaOnhdi,o Centefro Cro mprehensCiavred iovascular MiamiF,l orida MORTONJ .K ERNM,D ,F ACC, Care ALANW. HELDMANM,D ,F SCAI FSCAIFA,H A Sainlto uiUsn iversity ProfesosfMo erd icine ProfesosfMo erd icine Sainlto uiMsi,s souri InterventCiaorndailo logy UniversCiatlyi foIrrnviian e JAMEES. L OCKM,D CardiovasDciuvliasri on ChieCfa rdiology AlexandS.eN ra daPsr ofesosfPo erd iatrics DepartmoenfMt e dicine longB eacVhe teraAndsm inistrationC ardiol-oig-niC shti ef UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf HealtCha rSey stem ChairmaDne,p artmeonfCt a rdiology Medicine AssociCahtieeo ffC ardiology BostoCnh ildrHeons'psi tal MiamiF,l orida UniversCiatlyi foIrrnviian e HarvaMredd icSaclh ool ROBERCT. H ENDELM,D longB eacCha,l ifornia BostoMna,s sachusetts Professor AJAJY. K IRTANMED,, S M,F ACC, FRANCIES. M ARCHLINSMKDI , MediciannedR adiology FSCAI ProfesosfMo erd icine DirecotfoC ra rdiIamca ging ChieAfc ademOifcfi ceCre,n tefro r DirectEolre,c trophysPiroolgorgaym , CardiovasDciuvliasri on InterventViaosncaullT ahre rapy DirectEolre,c trophysLiaobloorgay,t ory DepartmoenfMt e dicine DirectIonrt,e rventCiaorndailo logy Hospitoaftl h eU niversoifPt eyn nsylvania UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf FellowsPhriopg raamn d UniversoifPt eyn nsylvHaenailatS hy stem Medicine Catheterilzaabtoiroant Qourayl ity PhiladelPpehninas,y lvania MiamiF,l orida AssociPartoef esosfCo lri niMceadli cine CLAUDIMAA RTINEMZD,, F SCAI JOSP.ES H.E NRIQUEMSD,,P hDM,B A DivisoifoC na rdio,lC ooglyumbia AssistParnotf esosfMo erd icine, Cardiologist UniversMietdyi cCaeln ter CardiovasDciuvliasri on UniversoifAt mys terdam NewY ork-PresbyHtoesrpiiatna l DepartmoenfMt e dicine Heado fC atheteriLzaabtoiroant ory NewY orkN,e wY ork UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecsh ooolf Cardiology NILSK UCHERM,D Medicine AcademMiecd icCaeln ter SeniCoorn sultant MiamiF,l orida AmsterdaTmh,eN etherlands ClinifcosCr a rdiolaongdAy n giology BerUnn iversHiotsyp ital BernS,w itzerland nnaajjaaffiiddmm ContributorsI X VALLERV.I EM CLAUGHLIMND, STEPHERN.R AMEEM,D ,F ACC, ROBERJT.S O MMERM,D ProfesosfMo erd icine FSCAI Director Director MedicDailr ecotfot rh eS tructaunrda l InvasAidvuel Cto ngeniHteaalrD ti sease PulmonaHryyp ertenPsrioognr am HearVta lvPer ogram Centefro Irn terventViaosncaull ar DepartmoenfMt e dicine JohnO chsneHre aratn dV asculIanrs tituteT herapy DivisoifoC na rdiovasMceudliacri ne OchsneMre dicIanls titutions DepartmoefnM te dicine UniversoifMt iyc higHaena ltShy stem NewO rleanLso,u isiana ColumbUinai versMietdyi cCaeln ter AnnA rboMri,c higan SUNIVL. R AO,M D NewY orkN,e wY ork JORGMEO NGE,M D DepartmeofnM te diciDniev,i soifo n GREGGW. STONEM,D ResearFcehl low Cardiology ProfesosfMo erd icine MayoC linic DukeU niversMietdyi cCaeln ter ColumbUinai versity Scottsdale, Arizona DurhamN,o rtCha rolina DirecotfoC ra rdiovasRceusleaarr ch MAUROM OSCUCCIM,D JOHNF. ROBEM,D ,F AHAF,A CC, andE ducation ProfesosfMo erd icine FSCAI Centefro rI nterventional Vascular ChairmaDne,p artmeonfM te dicine Director Therapy (Acting) InterventCiaorndailo laongdCy a rdiac NewY orPkr esbyteHroisapni taV ChieCfa,r diovasDciuvliasri on CatheteriLzaabtoiroant ories ColumbUinai versMietdyi cCaeln ter UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf Dartmouth-HitMcehdcioccCakel n ter Co-DirecotfM oerd icRaels earacnhd Medicine LebanoNne,w H ampshire Education MiamiF,l orida KENNETRHO SENFIEMLDD,,F AHA, TheC ardiovasRceusleaarr ch Foundation WILLIAW.M O'NEILMLD,,F ACC FACC NewY orkN,e wY ork MedicDailr ector SectiHoena dV,a sculMaerd icianned ZOLTANG .T URIM,D Centefro Srt ructHueraarlDt i sease Intervention ProfesosfMo erd icine HenrFyo rdH ospital Cardiology DetroMiitc,h igan MassachusGeetntesrH aols pital CoopeMre dicSaclh ooolfR owan University ROBERNT. P lANAM,D ,F ACC BostoMna,s sachusetts CamdenN,e wJ ersey ProfesosfMo erd icine JOHNR UNDBACKM,D GILBERRT.U PCHURCHJ,R .M,D DirectAodru,lC to ngeniItnatle rventioMneadli cDailr ector Program Interventional Institute MullePrr ofesosfSo urr gery DivisoifoC na rdiovasMceudliacri ne HolyN ameM edicCaeln ter DepartmoefnS tu rgery UniversoifVt iyr ginia VanderbHielatra tn dV asculIanrs tituteT eanecNke,w J ersey CharlotteVsivriglilnei,a NashviTlelnen,e ssee MEHDIH .S HISHEHBODRO,, OMAIDAC .V ELAZQUEMZD, JEFFREY]P.O PMAM,D MPH,P hD ProfesosfSo urr gery ProfesosfMo erd icine Director ChieoffV asculaanrdE ndovascular HarvaMredd icSaclh ool EndovascSuelravri ces BetIhs raDeela coneMsesd icCaeln ter ClevelCalnidn ic Surgery ExecutDievaenf oRre searRcehs,e arch BostoMna,s sachusetts ClevelaOnhdi,o EducatiaonndI nnovatMievdei cine ABHIRAPMR ASADM,D DANIEIL.S IMONM,D ,F ACCF,A HA, UniversoifMt iya mMii llSecrh ooolf ProfesosfMo erd icine FSCAI Medicine CardiovasDciuvliasri on Director MiamiF,l orida MayoC linic HarringHteoanr atn dV asculIanrs titute RochestMeirn,n esota Chief JUANF. VILES-GONZALMEDZ , AssistParnotf esosfMo erd icine ROBERAT. Q UAIFMED, DivisoifoC na rdiovasMceudliacri ne CardiovasDciuvliasri on Director UniversHiotsyp itCaalssMe e dicCaeln ter DepartmoefnM te dicine AdvancCeadr diIamca ging HermaKn. H ellersPtreoifne sosfo r UniversoifMt iya miM,i llSecrh ooolf AssociPartoef esosfMo erd icianned CardiovasRceusleaarr ch Medicine Radiology CasWee steRrens erUvnei versSicthyo ol MiamiF,l orida UniversoifCt oyl orado ofM edicine DenveCro,l orado ClevelaOnhdi,o nnaajjaaffiiddmm
Description: