Grewingk's Geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America.: Contributions Toward Knowledge of the Orographic and Geognostic Condition of the Northwest ... Historical Translation Series, V. 11) PDF
Preview Grewingk's Geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America.: Contributions Toward Knowledge of the Orographic and Geognostic Condition of the Northwest ... Historical Translation Series, V. 11)
grewingk’s geology of alaska and the northwest coast of america Marvin W. Falk, Editor . Holmberg’s Ethnographic Sketches by Heinrich Johan Holmberg. Edited by Marvin W. Falk, translated from the original German of–by Fritz Jaensch. . . Tlingit Indians of Alaskaby Anatolii Kamenskii. Translated, with an introduction and sup- plementary material, by Sergei Kan. . . Bering’s Voyages: The Reports from Russiaby Gerhard Friedrich Müller. Translated, with commentary, by Carol Urness. . . Russian Exploration in Southwest Alaska: The Travel Journals of Petr Korsakovskiy () and Ivan Ya. Vasilev ().Edited, with an introduction by James VanStone, translated by David H. Kraus. . . The Khlebnikov Archive: Unpublished Journal (‒) and Travel Notes (, , and ).Edited by Leonid Shur, translated by John Bisk. . . The Great Russian Navigator, A. I. Chirikovby Vasilii A. Divin. Translated and annotated by Raymond H. Fisher. . . Journals of the Priest Ioann Veniaminov in Alaska, to . Introduction and commen- tary by S. A. Mousalimas, translated by Jerome Kisslinger. . . To the Chukchi Peninsula and the Tlingit Indians ‒: Journals and Lettersby Aurel and Arthur Krause. Translated by Margot Krause McCaffrey. . . Essays on the Ethnography of the Aleutsby R. G. Liapunova. Translated by Jerry Shelest with W. B. Workman and Lydia Black. . .Fedor Petrovich Litkeby A. I. Alekseev. Edited by Katherine L. Arndt, translated by Serge LeComte. . .Grewingk’s Geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America: Contributions Toward Knowledge of the Orographic and Geognostic Condition of the Northwest Coast of America, with the Adjacent Islands by Constantine Grewingk.Edited by Marvin W. Falk, translated by Fritz Jaensch. . .Steller’s History of Kamchatka: Collected Information Concerning the History of Kamchatka, Its Peoples, Their Manners, Names, Lifestyle, and Various Customary Practices by Georg Wilhelm Steller.Translated by Margritt Engel and Karen Willmore. . .Through Orthodox Eyes:Russian Missionary Narratives of Travels to the Dena’ina and Ahtna, s–s. Translated with an introduction by Andrei A. Znamenski. . Grewingk’s Geology of Alaska and the Northwest Coast of America Contributions Toward Knowledge of the Orographic and Geognostic Condition of the Northwest Coast of America, with the Adjacent Islands (cid:1) (cid:2) DR. CONSTANTINE GREWINGK Edited by Marvin W. Falk Translated by Fritz Jaensch university of alaska press Fairbanks, Alaska English Translation © by The University ofAlaska Press All rights reserved. Published . Printed in the United States ofAmerica This publication was printed on acid-free paper that meets the minimum requirements for American National Standards for Information Sciences—Permanence ofPaper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI z.-. Library of Congress Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Grewingk, C. (Constantin), ‒. [Beitrag zur Kenntniss der orographischen und geognostischen Beschaffenheit der Nord-West- Küste Amerikas mit den anliegenden Inseln. English] Grewingk’s geology ofAlaska and the northwest coast ofAmerica: contributions toward knowledge ofthe orographic and geognostic condition ofthe northwest coast ofAmerica, with the adjacent islands / by C. Grewingk; edited by Marvin W. Falk; translated by Fritz Jaensch. p. cm. — (The Rasmuson Library historical translation series ; v. ) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN --- (pbk. : alk. paper) . Geology—Alaska. . Geology—Northwest Coast ofNorth America. . Physical geogra- phy—Alaska. . Physical geography—Northwest Coast ofNorth America. I. Title: Geology ofAlaska and the northwest coast ofAmerica. II. Title. III. Series. QE .G 5.—d Publications ofthe Russian Imperial Mineralogical Society at St. Petersburg. Volumes for and St. Petersburg: Carl Kray, International Standard Book Number --- Publication coordination by Jennifer Robin Collier Text design by Rachel Fudge Cover design by Mike Kirk Contents (cid:1) (cid:2) Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Editor’s Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix . The Western HalfofNorth America Between the Parallel ofthe Bay ofSan Francisco and the Mouth ofthe Sitkine River, with the Islands Along the Coast. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Mainland in the Latitude ofSitka, Chugach Peninsula, Kenai Bay and the Alaska Peninsula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . West Coast ofNorth America Between º and º N. Lat.. . . . . . . . . . The Most Important Islands in the Region ofAlaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Aleutian Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Commander or Divided Islands [Komandorskie Islands] . . . . . . . . The PribilofIslands(Ostrova Pribylova). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Volcanic Phenomena. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix . The Fossil Remains ofMinerals and Plants Found to Date Along the West Coast ofNorth Americaand the Aleutian Islands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix . Materials for a History ofthe Voyages and Discoveries on the Western HalfofNorth America and in the Adjacent Oceans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acknowledgments (cid:1) (cid:2) This translation projectbegan in the early s with several years offund- ing provided by the state through the good offices ofCharlie Parr, Brian Rogers, and their colleagues in the Alaska State Legislature. Fritz Jaensch had completed the translation and the manuscript was being prepared for printing by AEIDC (Arctic Environmental Information and Data Center) in Anchorage when bud- get cuts put the project on hold. Philip Marshall, a geologist, had reviewed the manuscript for its geological terminology. Ginger French, Denise Coté, and especially Katherine Arndt have made a number ofhelpful editorial suggestions. Elmer Rasmuson’s generous annual donations to the library and the support ofthe library administration—Susan Grigg and Paul McCarthy—have allowed Grewingk’s text to be taken up again. The University ofAlaska Press has taken over typesetting, book design, printing, and distribution. vii Editor’s Introduction (cid:1)(cid:2) Constantine Caspar Andreas Grewingk was a leading geologist and minerol- ogist in Russia during the middle of the nineteenth century. During his lifetime he published about articles and several books, with an emphasis on the geol- ogy, mineralogy and archeology ofthe Pribaltic region. He also made major con- tributions on the geology of the White Sea coast and the Urals. On the way, he took the time to publish a most useful compilation ofinformation on the geology, mineralogy and physical geography ofthe coast north ofSan Francisco. Grewingk graduated from Dorpat University (Tartu, Estonia) and pursued a graduate education at Jena, in Germany, where he received his doctorate. He then became the curator ofmineralogical collections at the Academy ofSciences in St. Petersburg in . It was there that he was able to examine the collections of mineral samples sent back by Russian expeditions and various individuals from California, Alaska and the North Pacific. Several years following the pub- lication ofthis work, he became the librarian ofthe Mining Institute and then was appointed a professor at his old University ofDorpat in . This work is the first documented compilation ofall ofthe geologic informa- tion about Alaska and adjoining territory available during the Russian-American era. Grewingk himselfwas never in Alaska, but he exhaustively summarizes the reports and descriptions made by expedition personnel and other direct observers. He presents this information in several useful ways. The main body of the text provides these observations by location, region by region. It serves as something ofan index to the published observations by geographic location. He presents a chronology of volcanic events that occurred from Mount St. Helens northward as a table to enhance his textual descriptions. He had access to the mineral collections sent back to the capital from the North Pacific and makes use ofthem in his presentation. His first appendix is a list ofknown animal and plant fossils found on the Northwest Coast and the Aleutian Islands. His second appendix is an extended annotated bibliography ofthe most important published sources for the study of voyages and discoveries arranged chronologically. He includes some sources for discoveries in the American West, including the Lewis and Clark expedition and Fremont. Grewingk provides a systematic explanation of his understanding of the relationship ofthe geology ofAlaska to that ofthe rest ofNorth America as well ix
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