Greenspan's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology, Ninth Edition

900 Pages·2011·57.432 MB·English

by  David Gardner, Dolores Shoback

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ISBN9 78-0-07-162243-1
MHID 0-07-162243-8
ISSN0 891-2068
Notice
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Contents
Auhtors XI
Prfaece XV
1.H ormone&s H ormonAec tion 1 AutoimmPuonley glaSnydnudlraorm 4e2s
AutoimmPuonley glaSnydnudlraor(m AeP S-4I2)
T
DaviGd. G ardneMrD,, M arkA ndersoMnD,, P hD,
& AutoimmPuonley glandulaIrI Syndrome
RoberAt.N issensPohnD, (APS-I4I3)
Relatiotnots hhei pN eSryvsotues2m ManagemoefAn utt oimmPuonley glandular
ChemiNcaatlu orfHe o rmone3s Syndrom4e4s
EndocrGilnaen& d Tsa rgOertg an4s ImmunodefiPcoileynecnyd,o cr&i nEonptaetrhopya,t hy,
RegulaotfHi oornm oLneev eilnPs l as4m a X-LinkSeydn drom4e4
HormoAncet io5n POEMSS yndro(mOes teoscMlyeerlootmia4c)4
Recept5o rs
Neurotran&s PmeiptttHieodrre m oRneec ept6o rs 3.E vidence-BEansdeodc rinology
G Protein-CRoeucpelpetd7o rs & CliniEcpaild emiology 47
G ProtTeriann sduc8e rs
DaviCd. A ronM,D ,M S
Effect9o rs
DisorodfeG r Psr oteinPsr o&t eGi n-Coupled DiagnoTsesttiicTn esgt:C haracter4i7s tics
Recept1or1s Sensit&i Svpietcyi fi4c8i ty
GrowFtahc tRoerc ept1or3s Receiver-OCphearraatcitnCegur rivset5si0 c
CytokRiencee pt1or4s PrediVcatilvuLeei sk,e liRhaotoi&do D si,a gnostic
GuanyClyycll ase-RLeicnekpetd1o r6s Accura5c1y
NuclAecart ioofPn e ptHiodrem one1s8 AnA pprotaocD hi agnionsP irsa cti5c2e
NucleRaerc ept1or8s ClinEipciadle mioPlroigniccAi ppplleitseo Td r eatment
SterRoeicde pFtaomri l1y8 Decisi5on4s
ThyroRiedc epFtaomri l2y1 DecisAinoanl ys5i5s
NongenoEmfifceo cftt hsSe t erHooirdm one2s5 DetermtihnPeer obaboifEl aictChyh anEcvee n5t 7
Ster&o Tihdy roHiodr moRneec epRteosri stance Decidoinna Sg t ratAevgeyr:a gOiunt&g
Syndrom2e5s FoldBiancgtk h Ter ee5 8
DiscounFtuitnuEgrv ee nt5s8
2.E ndocriAnuet oimmunity 27 SensitAinvailtyys5 i8s
Cost-EffeAcntailvyeUsnsieissnD sge cision
JuaCna rloJsa umeM,D
Analys5i8s
ImmunRee cogn&i tRieosnp on2s8e OtheArs peocftC sl inical Epi5d8e miology
Toleran3c1e EvideBnacseEe-ndd ocrino5l8o gy
T-CeTloll era3nc1e SteOpn eT:r ansloaftt hiCeol ni nPircoabll ienmt o
B-CeTloll era3nc5e AnswerQaubelset i6on1s
AutoimmuinsMiu tlyt ifac3t5or ial SteTpw oF:i ndtihnBege sEtv iden6c1e
GeneFtaicct ionAr ust oimmun3i6t y SteTph reAep:p raitshiEenv gi defnocIret V sa li&d ity
EnvironmFeancttaiolnAr ust oimmun3i6t y Usefuln6e1s s
Single-Gland ASuytnodirmomm3ue7ns e SteFposu &r F ivAep:p lytihnRege suilnPt rsa ct&i ce
AutoimmAusnpee ocftTs h yroDiids ea3s7e EvaluaPteirnfgo rma6n2c e
Gene&s E nvironm3e7n t
AutoimmRuensep on3s7e 4.H ypothala&m uPsi tuitGalrayn d 65
AnimMaold eolfAs u toimmTuhnyer oDiids ea3s8e
BradlRe.yJ avsokryM,D ,D aviCd. A ronM,D ,M S,
AutoimmAusnpee ocftT sy p1eD iabet3e8s
James FindliMnDg,, J.B lakTey rreMlDl ,
Gene&s E nvironm3e9n t W. &
AutoimmRuensep on3s9e Anato&m Eym bryolo6g6y
AnimMaold eolfAs u toimmDuinaeb eMteelsl i4tu0s BlooSdu ppl6y8
AutoimmAusnpee ocftO st her Endocri4n0o pathiesP ituitary D&e vHeilsotpoml6eo8ng ty
AutoimmAudnree nFaali lu4r0e HypothalHaomrimco ne7s0
AutoimmOuonpeh or&i Otricsh it4i1s HypophysiHootrrmoopniec7s 0
AutoimmHuynpeo phys4i1t is NeuroendocrTihneHo ylpoogtyh:a laasPm aursta of
AutoimmHuynpeo parathyr4o1i dism LargSeyrs te7m3
iv CONTENTS
TheH ypothal&a tmhuCeso ntorfoA lp peti7t4e TalSlt atduurete oN onendocCraiunsee1 s5 8
TheP ineGalla n&d t hCei rcumventricular TalSlt atduurete oE ndocrDiinseo rd1e5r9s
Organ7s5
AnterPiiotru iHtoarrmyo n7e5 7.T heT hyroiGdl and 163
AdrenocortHiocromtor&no eRp eilca Pteepdt id7e6s
DaviSd. C oopeMrD,
&
GrowHtohr mon7e8
Paul LadensoMnA, ( Oxon.M)D,
Prolac8t0i n W
Thyrotro8p2i n EmbryolAongayt,yo ,&m Histol1o6g3y
GonadotrLouptienisn:Hi ozrimnog&n eF ollicle­ Physiol1o6g3y
StimulHaotrimnogn 8e3 Struc&t Suyrnet hoefTs hiysr oHiodr mone1s6 3
EndocrinEovlaolguiaoctf ti hoHeny pothalPaimtiuci-tary IodiMneet abol1i6s4m
Axis8 5 ThyroHiodr moSnyen th&e Sseicsr et1i6o4n
EvaluaotfAi dorne nocortHiocromtorno8ep5 i c AbnormaliinTt hiyersoH iodr moSnyen th&e sis
EvaluaotfGi roonw th Hor8m8o ne Relea1s6e8
EvaluaotfPi roonl ac8t8i n ThyroHiodr moTnraen spo1r6t9
EvaluaotfTi hoynr -oSitdimulHaotrimnogn 8e8 MetaboolfiT hsymr oHiodr mone1s7 1
EvaluaotfLiHo& n F SH 89 ContorfTo hly roid F&u HnocrtmiooAnnce t io1n7 3
ProblienEm vsa luaotfti hoHeny pothalamic-PituitarPyh ysioClhoagnigicen Ts h yroFiudn cti1o8n1
Axis8 9 ThyroAiudt oimmun1i8t3y
EffeocfPt hsa rmacoAlgoegnoitncHs y pothalamic-PituTiesttoasfTr hyy roFiudn cti1o8n4
Functi8o9n TestosfT hyroHiodr monienBs l ood1 84
EndocrTiesntoesf H ypothalamicF-uPnicttui9io0tn a ry AssessomfTe hnytr oIiodd iMneet abo&l Biisoms ynthetic
NeuroradEivoallougaitc9i 0o n Activ1i8t7y
Pitui&t Hayrpyo thalDaimsiocr d9e1r s ThyroIimda gin1g8 8
EmptSye lSlyan drom9e2 ThyroUildt rasroanpo&hg yO theIrm aging
HypothalDaymsifcu nct9i3o n Tecnhique1s8 9
Hypopituit9a4r ism ThyroBiido ps1y8 9
PituiAtdaernyo ma9s9 TesotfP eriphTehryarloH iodr moAncet io1n9s0
MeasureomfTe hnytr oAiudt oantib1o9d0i es
5.T heP osterPiiotru itary Disorodfet rhTseh yroi1d9 0
(Neurohypophysis) llS Hypothyro1i9d1i sm
Hyperthyr&o Tihdyirsomt oxi1c9o8s is
AlanG .R obinsoMnD,
NontoGxoiict e2r0 9
PhysioolfHo ogrym oFnuen cti1o1n5 Thyroid2i1t1i s
AnatoomfHy o rmoSnyen th&e Rseilse a1s1e7 EffeocfIt osn izRiandgi aotnit ohnTe h yroGilda nd2 14
Pathophysi1o1l7o gy ThyroNiodd ul&e Tsh yroCiadn ce2r1 4
DiagnoTsesttoisfc DiaIbnestiepsi 1d2u0s
TreatmoefDn ita betes I1n2s1i pidus 8.M etabolBiocn eD isease 227
TreatmoefHn ytp onatrienSm IiAaD H1 25 DolorSehso bacMkD,, D eboraShe llmeyMeDr,,
Summar1y2 6
DanieDl.B iklMeD,, P hD
&
6.G rowth 129 Cell&u lEaxrt raceClallucliMauermt abol2i2s7m
ParathHyorromiodn 2e2 8
DenniSst ynMeD,
VitamDi n2 34
Normal Growth 129 How VitDa m&Pi TnH C ontMrionle Hroamle osta2s4i1s
IntrauGtreorwitn1he2 9 Medullary Coaftr hcTeih nyormoai d 241
TheP lacen1t3a0 Hypercalcemia 242
ClasHsoircm onoefGs r ow&t hF etGarlo wt1h3 0 Disorders Causing 2H4y4p ercalcemia
Growth F&a Ocntcoorgse innFe est al Gr1o3w0t h TraetmeonfHt y percalcemia 252
InsuliGnr-olwitFkhae c tRoercse,p t&o Brisn,d ing Hypocalc2e5m2i a
Protei1n3s0 CausoefHs y pocalc2e5m4i a
Insul1i3n1 TreatmeonfHt y pocalc2e5m8i a
EpiderGmraolw tFha cto1r3 1 BonAen ato&m Rye model2i5n8g
FetOarli goifnA sd ulDti sease 132 FunctoifoB nosn e2 58
Postnatal 1G3r2o wth StrucotfBu ornee 2 59
MeasureomfGe rnotw t1h3 9 BonRee model2i6n1g
Skele(tBaolnA eg)e 142 Osteopor2o6s2i s
DisorodfeG rrso wt1h4 2 TraetmeonfOt s teopor2o6s6i s
ShoSrtta tduurete oN onendocCraiunsee1 s4 2 GlucocorItnidcuocOiesddt- eopor2o7s0i s
ShoSrtta tduurete oE ndocrDiinseo rd1e4r6s Osteoma&l Raiccikae 2t7s1
CONTENTS v
NephroStyincd rom2e7 3 11. AdrenMaeld ull&a P araganglia 345
HepaOtsitce odyst2r7op4h y
PauAl. FitzgMeDr ald,
Dru-IgnducOesdt eomal2a7c4ia
HypophosphDaitseomridc2e 7rs4 Anatom3y4 6
CalciDuemf icie2n7c6y Hormonoefts h Aed renMaeld ul&l Paa ragan3g4l7ia
PrimaDriys orodfet rhBseo nMea tri2x7 6 Catechola3m4in7e s
OsteogeInmepseirsf e2c7t6a Catechol(aAmdirneen eRregciecp)t 3o5rs2
InhiboiftM oirnse raliz2a7t7i on Disorodfet rhAsed renMaeld ul&l Paa ragan3g5li7a
PagDeits eoafsB eo n(eO steDietfiosr ma2ns7)7 Epineph&r Nionree pineDpehfriicniee 3n5c7y
Etiolo2g7y7 Pheochromo&c Pyatroamgaa ngl3i5o8m a
RenOaslt eodyst2r8op0h y IncideDnitsaclolvyAe drreednM aals se3s8 1
HerediFtoarrmoysfH yperphosph2a8te1m ia
12.T estes 395
9.G lucocorti&c Aodirdesn al
GlenDn. B raunsteMDi n,
Androgens 285
Anato&m Syt ructure-RFeulnacttiioon3ns9 h5ip s
TyB .C arroMlDl,,D aviCd. A ronM,D ,M S,
Teste3s9 5
JameWs FindliMnDg,,& J.B lakTey rreMlDl , PhysioolfTo hgeMy a lRee produScytsitvee3m 9 7
Embryol&o Agnya tom2y8 5 AccesSstorruy ctu3r9e7s
BiosyntohfCe osritsi& s Aodlr enal GonadSatle roi3d9s7
Androge2n8s7 ContorfoTl e stiFcuunlcatri 3o9n9
CirculoafCt oirotni& s Aodlr enal EvaluaotfMi aolnGe o nadFauln cti4o0n0
Androge2n9s2 ClinEivcaallu at4i0o0n
MetaboolfiC somr ti&s Aodlr enal LaboratoorfyT eTsetsitFcsuu nlcatri 4o01n
Androge2n9s2 Pharmacoolfo gDyru usgetsdo T reMaatl Geo nadal
BioloEgfifceo cfAt dsr enSatle roi2d9s4 Disord4e0rs3
AdrenAanld roge2n9s9 Androge4n0s3
LaboraEtvoarlyu at2i9o9n Gonadotro4p0i5n s
DisorodfeA rdsr enocoIrntsiucffailc i3e0n3c y GonadotropinH-oRremloena4es0 i5ng
PrimaArdyr enocoIrntsiucfafli ciency ClinMiaclaGelo nadDails ord4e0rs5
(AddiDsiosne as3e0)3 KlinefSeylntderro( mXeYS eminifTeurbouulse
SecondAadrrye nocoIrntsiucfafli c3i0e8n cy Dysgene4s0is5)
DiagnoofsA idsr enocoIrntsiucfafli c3i0e8n cy BilatAenroarlc( hViaan isTheisntSgey sn drom4e0)7
TreatmoefAn dtr enocoIrntsiucfafli c3i1e0nc y LeydCieglA lp las4i0a8
PrognoofsA idsr enocoIrntsiucfafli c3i1e2nc y Cryptorch4i0d9is m
CushiSnygn drom3e1 2 NoonaSny ndro(mMea Tluer ner
Hirsu&t iVsimr ili3s2m3 Syndrom4e1)0
IncidAednrtaelnM aals s3 23 MyotoDnyisct rop4h11y
GlucocorTthiecroafipodNyr o nendocrine AduSletm inifTeurbouuFlsae i lu4r1e1
Disord3er2s4 AdulLte ydCieglF la il(uArned ropa4u1se2)
MalIen fert4i1li3t y
10.E ndocriHnyep ertension 329 ErecDtyislfeu nct4i1o5n
Gynecoma4st1i7a
WilliamY oungJ,rM ,D ,M Sc
F. TestiTcuumloarr4s 2 0
Renin-AngiotensiSny-sAtled3mo2 s9t erone
Reni&n A ngioten3s2i9n 13.F emalRee productEinvdeo crinology
Aldoster3o3n1e & Infertility 423
PrimaArlyd ostero3n3i2s m
MitchePl.Rl o senM,D
OtheFro rmosfM ineralocEoxrcteioscrEso f ifde c3t4 0 &
MarcelIlC.ee darMsD,
Hyperdeoxycorti3co4s0t eronism
ApparMeinnte ralocEoxrcteiSscyson iddr om3e4 0 Embryol&o Agnya tom4y2 4
LiddSlyen dr-oAmbenormRaeln Taulb ulIaonri c OvariSatner oidog4e2n6e sis
Transp3or4t1 PhysioolfFooglyl icul&o tgheMene enssitsr ual
HyperteEnxsaicoenr bbayPt reedg nan3c4y1 Cycl4e2 7
OtheErn docrDiinseo rAdsesrosc iwaittehd Amenorrh4e3a6
Hyperten3s4io1n HypothaAlmaemniocr rh4e3a7
CushiSnygn drom3e4 1 PituiAtmaernyo rrh4e4a0
ThyroDiyds funct3i4o2n OvariAamne norrh4e4a2
Acromeg3al4y2 Anovulat4i4o5n
vi CONTENTS
Obesi4t5y2 IncompIlseotsee xual PPruebceoircntBi yoo yus5s 4 7
OutflTorwaD cits ord4e5r4s IncompCloentter asexuali nBP oryes5c 4o7c ity
Menopau4s5e5 IncompIlseotsee Pxrueaclo cPiuobuesir ntG yi rl5s4 7
OocyDteep let4i5o5n IncompCloentter asPerxeucaolic nGi itryl 5s4 8
EndocrSiynsetC ehma ngweistA hg ing4 56 VariatiinPo unbse rDteavle lopm5e4n8t
MenopauCsoanls eque4n5c8e s DifferentiaolfP rDeicaogcnPiouosbuiessr 5t4y9
Infert4i6l1i ty TreatmoefPn rte cocPiuobuesr 5t4y9
DiagnoofsI insf ert4i6l1i ty
Managemoeftn htIe n feCrotiulpel4 e6 3 16.T heE ndocrinoolfoP grye gnancy 553
Contracep4t6i4o n
RoberNt.T ayloMrD,, P hD
&
OraClo ntracep4t6i4v es
MartinLa.B adelMlD,
ContraceLpotnigo-nA:cC toinntgr acep4t7i0v es
EmergeCnocnyt racep4t7i5o n Concep&t iIomnp lanta5t5i3o n
Fertili5z5a3t ion
14.D isordoefrS se xD etermination Implant&a htCiGoP nr oduct5i5o4n
& Differentiation 479 OvariHaonr monoefPs r egnan5c5y5
Sympto&m Ssi gonfsP regnan5c5y5
FeliAx.C onteM,D , MelviMn.
& Fetal-PlacenUtnailt-5 D5e5c idual
GrumbachM,D PolypeHpotrimdoen e5s5 5
HumaCnh orionic Gona5d5o5t ropin
HumaSne Dxi fferent4i8a0t ion
HumaPnl aceLnatcatlo g5e5n5
Testi&c uOlvaarr iDainf ferent4i8a5t ion
OtheCrh orioPneipctH iodrem on&e s
PsyhcosexDuiaflf erent4i8a9t ion
GrowFtahc to5r5s8
Classif&i Ncoamteinocnl aotfu rDei soorfSd eexr s
SterHooirdm one5s5 8
Determin(a&tDiiofnf erent4i8a9t ion)
KlinefSeylntderro& m IetV sa riaSnetmsi:n iferous Progeste5r5o8n e
TubuDlyes genesiCsh-rSoemxo sDoSmDe 493 Estrog5e5n8s
Maternal AdtaoPp rteagtniaon5nc5 y9
SyndroomfGe o nadDayls genTeusrinsSe:yr n drome
MaterPniatlu iGtlaarnyd5 59
& ItVsa rian4t9s5
MaterTnhyarlo Gilda nd5 59
OvotestDiScDu( lIanrd ivwiidtuBhao ltOshv ari&a n
MaternPaalr athGylraonid5d 5 9
TestiTcsiusluaer5) 0 0
46,XDYS DA ndrogen I(nFdeumcaelde MaternPaaln cre5a5s9
MaternAadlr enCaolr te5x6 1
Pseudohermaphr5o0d2i tism)
FetEanld ocrino5l6o2g y
P45A0r omatDaesfei cie5n0c9y
Fetal Pituitar5y6 2H ormones
MaterSnoaulrA cned rog&e Pnrso gesto5g0e9n s
FetTahly roGilda nd5 62
UnclassFiofrimoesfAd b normSaelx uDaelv elopimne nt
FetAadlr enCaolr te5x6 2
Male5s7 1
FetGaoln ads 562
UnclasFsoifrimoesfAd b normSaelx uDaelv elopimne nt
EndocrCionnet orfoPl a rturi5t6i3o n
Female5s1 9
SeSxt eroi5d6s3
ManagemoefPn att iweinttDhsS D 519
Oxytocin 563
15.P uberty 527 Prostagla5n6d3i ns
PreteLramb or/B5i6r3t h
DenniSst ynMeD,
MaternalS/tFreet5sa6sl4
PhysioolfPo ugbye rty 527 PatholUotgeircDi inset ent5i6o4n
PhysiCchaaln gAesss ociwaittPehud b er5t2y7 Infection/Inf5l6a4m mation
EndocrCihnaen gfersoF me tLailft eoP uber5t3y1 DecidHueamlo rrh&a Cgoea gulati5o6n4
OvulatiMoenn a&r c5h3e4 Postterm Pr5e6g5n ancy
Adrenar5c3h4e ManagemoefPnots ttPerremg nan5c6y5
MiscellManeetoaubCsoh laincg e5s3 5 Endocrinooftl hoPegu ye rper5i6u6m
DelayPeudb erotrAy b sePnutb er(tSye xual Physio&l Aongaitco Cmhiacn ge5s6 6
Infanti5l3i5s m) UterCihnaen ge5s6 6
ConstituDteiloiannyGa rlo w&t h EndocrCihnaen ge5s6 6
Adolesce5n3c5e Lactat5i6o6n
HypogonadoHtyrpoopgiocn ad5i3s5m EndocrDiinseo r&d ePrrse gnan5c6y7
HypergonadHoytproogpoinca d5i4s0m HyperthyrionPi rdeigsnma ncy 567
DifferDeinatginaoolfs iDse lPauybeedr 5t4y2 HypothyroiinPd riesgmn an5c6y7
TreatmoefDn etl ayPeudb erty 543 PituiDtiasroyr idneP rrse gnan5c6y7
PrecocPiuobuesr ty (Sexua5l4 5P recocity) Obes&i tPyr egnan5c6y8
Cent(rCaolm ploerTt reu e) Precocious ParathDyirsoei&ad Ps ree gnan5c6y9
Puber5t4y5 Preeclampsia/5E6c9l ampsia
CONTENTS vii
Pathyospiholo5g6y9 TheP rimHayrpye rcholeste6r8o7l emias
ClinFiecaatlu r5e7s0 FamiHlyipaelr cholest6e8r7o lemia
Treatment/MaonfPa rgeeemcelnatm 5p7s0i a FamilCioamlb inHeydp erlipi6d8e7m ia
Lp(Hay)p erlipopro6te8i8n emia
17.P ancreaHtoircm one&s FamilLiiagla nd-DeAfpeoBc -t1i0v60e8 8
DiabetMeesl litus 555777333 Choles7taeH-ryodlr oxyDleafsiec iency 688
Hypothyroi6d8i8s m
UmeshM asharaMnBi,,B S,M RCP (UK)
Nephros6i8s8
& MichaSe.lG ermanM,D ImmunogloDbiusloirnd 6e8r8s
AnoreNxeirav os6a8 8
TheEn docrPiannec re5a7s4
Cholest6a8s9i s
Anato&mH yi stology 574
TheP rimHayrpyo lipid6e8m9i as
Hormonoefts h Een docrPiannec re5a7s5
PrimHayrpyo lipiddueetm oDi eaf icioefn cy
DiabeMteelsl i5tu8s7
High-DeLnispiotpyr ot6e8i9n s
Classification 587
PrimHayrpyo lipiddueetm oDi eaf icioefn cy
TypeD i1a beMteelsl i5t8u7s
ApoB -ContaLiinpionpgr ot6e9i0n s
Typ2eD iabet5e9s0
SeconHdyaproyl ipid6e9m1i a
OtheSrp ecTiyfpieco sfD iabet5e9s3
ClinFiecaatlu orfDe isa beMteelsl it5u9s9 OtheDri sorodfeL risp oprMoetteaibno l6i9s1m
The Lipodys6t9r1o phies
TreatmoefDn ita beMteelsl it6u0s9
RarDei sord6e9r2s
Agenftostr h Ter eatmoeHfny tp erglyc6e1m0i a
TreatmoeHfny tp erlipidemia 692
Sulfonyl6u1r2e as
DietFaarcyt iontr hsMe a nagemoefLn itp oprotein
Steipnst hMea nagemoeftn htDe i abetic
Disord6e9r3s
Patie6n2t2
DrugUss eidnT reatmoefnHty perlipopr6o9t4e inemia
ImmunopathoofllongsTyuh leiarnp y6 25
BilAec iSde questr6a9n4t s
AcutCeo mplicaotfDi ioanbseM teelsl i6t2u6s
Niac(iNni cotAicniid6c)9 5
TransittoSi uobnc utaInnesouuRlsei gni me6n3 1
FibrAicciD de rivat6i9v5e s
ChronCiocm plicaotfDi ioanbseM teelsl i6t3u4s
HMG-CoRAe ductIanshei bi6t9o6r s
SpecCihfriocn ic CompolfDi icaabteMiteoelnsls i 6t3u6s
ManagemoefDn ita beitnte hsHe o spitalize6d4 2P atientC holesAtbesroorlp Itnihoinb i6t9o7r s
CombinDerdu Tgh erap6y9 7
DiabeMteelsl i&t Purse gnancy 644
18. HypoglyDciesmoircd ers 657 20.O besity 699
UmeshM asharaMnBi,,B S,M RCP (UK)& AlkaM .K anayaM,D & Christian MVDa,iP shsDe ,
StephEen.G itelmaMnD, Defini&t Eipoind emio6l9o9g y
Definit6i9o9n
Pathospihoylooftg hyCe o unterregRuelsaptotonors ye
Preval&e Pnrcoej ect6i9o9n s
Neuroglyco6p5e8n ia
PossiEbxlpel anaftoitroh Inens c reased
CounterregRuelsaptotonors ye
ObesRiattye 7s0 0
Hypoglyce6m5i9a
Pathopohlyos&gi Gye netoifOc bse si7t0y0
MaintenoafEnucgel ycienmt ihPaeo stabsorptive
RegulaotfFi ooond I&n EtnaekreEg xyp endit7u0r0e
Stat6e6 0
InformtihBnerg a oifnt hEen erSgtya tLuesp:t& i n
ClassifoiHfcy aptoigolny cDeimsiocr d6e6r1s
ShorTte-rGma stroinStiegsntai7ln0sa0 l
Diabet6e6s1
CentIrnatle groafEt nieorng y HomeSoisgtnaa7sl0is1s
FactiHtyipoougsl yce6m6i2a
LeptRiens istianOn bcees i7t0y2
Drugs6 62
GenetoifOc bse si7t0y2
AutoimmHuynpeo glyce6m6i3a
HealCtohn sequeonfOc beess i7t0y3
Pancreaa CteilTclu mors 663
MechanUinsdme rlOybiensgCi otmyp lications:
CongenHiytpaelr insul6i7n0i sm
AdipoTsies sausae nE ndocrOirngea n7 03
MetabCoolmipcl icaotfOi boenssiI tnys:uR leisni stance
19.D isordoefrLs i poprotMeeitna bolism6 75
& Typ2eD iabet7e0s4
MaryJ .M alloMyD, & John KPa.n eM,D ,P hD Dyslipid7e0m5i a
TheM etabSoylnidcr om7e0 5
Atheroscl6e7r5o sis
CardiovaCsocmupllairc at7i0o5n s
OvervoifeL iwp Tirda nsp6o7r6t
Pulmonary Comp7l0i5c ations
DifferenotfDi iastoiroodnfeL risp oprotein
GastroinCtoemsptliincaalt7 i0o6n s
Metabol6i8s0m
Reprodu&c Gtyinoenc olCoogmipcl icat7i0o6n s
ClinDiecaslc ripotfPi roinmsa& r Sye condDairsyo rodfe rs
Cance7r0 6
LipoprMoetteaibno l6i8s1m
Managemoeftn htOe b esPea tie7n0t6
ThHey pertriglyce6r8i1d emias
Scree&n iPnrge venotfCi oomnp licat7i0o6n s
PrimHayrpye rtriglyc6e8r3i demia
TherapeAuptpirco afcohWree si gLhots s7 06
SeconHdyapreyr triglyc6e8r5i demia
viiiC ONTENTS
21. HumoraMla nifestations Hyperparathy7r5o7i dism
ChangienWs a teBra lan7c5e7
ofM alignancy 711
Hypernatr7e5m8i a
DolorSehso bacMkD,, & JaneLt.F unkM,D Hyponatremia 758
Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism 758
EctoHpoircm on&e R ecepStyonrd rom7e1s1
Glucocor&t Sitcroei7sd5ss8
APUDC onceopfNt e uroendoCcerlTilun meo r7s1 2
Disorodfet rhHsey pothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal
HypercalocfMe amliiag na7n1c2y
Axis7 59
Pathogen7e1s2i s
ChangienRs e produFcutnicvteii nMo enn 760
HumorMaeld iat7or12s
SolTiudm oArsss ociwaittHehyd p ercalocfe mia
24.E ndocriEnmee rgencies 763
Maligna7n1c3y
HematolMoagliicg naAnscsioecsiw aittehd DaviGd. G ardneMrD,
HypercalocfMe amliiag nancy 714
MyxedeCmoam a 763
Diagno7s1i5s
ThyroSitdo rm7 65
Tretament7 15
ThyrotPoexriicoP dairca ly7s6i6s
EctoCpuisch iSnygn drom7e1 5
Amiodar-IonndeucTehdy rotoxi7c6o7s is
DifferDeinatginaol7s 1i5s
AcuAted renIanls uffic7i6e8n cy
Clinical F7e1a7t ures
PituiAtpaorpyl e7x6y9
Syndroomfel napprAopnrtiiadtiHeuo rremtoince
DiabeKteitco acid7o6s9i s
Secret7i1o7n
Nonketotic HyCpoemrao 7s7m3o lar
Etiol&o Pgayt hogen7e1s8i s
HypercalCcreimsi7ic7s 5
Clin&i cLaalb oraFteoartyu r7e1s8
AcuHtyep ocalce7m7i7a
Non-ICsellTelut m or-InHdyupcoegdl yce7m1i8a
Hyponatre7m7i9a
OthHeorr monSeesc rebtyTe umdo rs7 91
DiabeItnessi pi7d8u2s
OncogeOnsitce omal7a2c0i a
Etiol&o Cglyi nFiecaatlu r7e2s0
25.A IDSE ndocrinopathies 787
Pathol&o Pgayt hogen7e2s0i s
GuHto rmone7s2 1 CarGlr unfeMlDd,,P hD& GracLee eM,D
Thyroid Di7s8o7r ders
22.M ultipElned ocriNneeo plasia 723
Adrenal Di7s8o9r ders
DaviGd. G ardneMrD, Bon&e M inerDiaslo rd7e9r1s
GonadDails ord7e9r2s
MultiEpnldeo crNienoep lTayspi1ea 723
PituiDtiasroyr d7e9r4s
Pathogen7e2s5i s
AIDWSa stiSnygn drom7e9 4
Treatme7n2t6
AbnormaloifFt aiDtei ss tribAustsioocniw aittehd
Screen7i2n7g
HIV 795
MultiEpnldeo crNienoep lasi2a 7T2y9p e
DisorodfeG rlsu co&s Lei pMiedt abol7i9s6m
Pathogenesis 730
Conclus8i0o1n
Treatmen7t3 2
Screen7i3n2g
26.E ndocriSnuer gery 803
OtheDri sorders ChbayrM aucltteirpilzee dE ndocrine
OrgaInn volvem7e3n3t GeetLaa lM,D & OrloH .C larMkD,
CarnCeoym ple7x3 3
The ThyGrloaindd8 03
McCune-AlSbyrnidgrhotm e 734
Embryol&o Agnya tom8y0 3
NeurofibroTmyap1te o 7s3i4s
DevelopmTehnytraoAlib dn ormal8i0t4i es
VoHni ppel-LDiinsdeaau7s 3e4
Hyperthyro8i0d4i sm
MENX 734
Thyroid8i0t5i s
Goit(eNro ntox8i0c5)
23.G eriatErnidco crinology 737
ThyroNiodd ule8s0 5
SusaLn. G reenspMaDn,,M aryK ortykowskMiD,, ThyroCiadn ce8r0 6
NeiMl. R esnicMkD, ConduocfTt h yroidec8t0o9m y
&
TheP arathGylraonid8d 1 1
ThyroFiudn ct&i Doins ea7s3e8
Embryol&o Agnya tom8y1 1
Disorodfet rhTseh yroGilda nd7 38
PrimHayrpye rparathy8r1o1i dism
Hyperthyro7i3d9i sm
Persi&s tReenctu rrentH yPpreirmpaarrya thy8r1o4i dism
Hypothyroi7d4i1s m
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism 814
MultinoGdouiltae7rr4 2
SpecCioanls iderFaatmiioHlnyi:pa elr parathy8r1o5i dism
ThyroNiodd ul&e Csa nce7r4 3
CompltiicoaonfPs a rathSyurrogied8r 1y5
CarbohyIdnrtaotlee &r Dainacbee Mteelsl i7t4u3s
TheA dren(aSlu prarGelnaanld8) 1 5
Osteopor7o5s0i s