Greening Society: The Paradigm Shift in Dutch Environmental Politics PDF
Preview Greening Society: The Paradigm Shift in Dutch Environmental Politics
GREENING SOCIETY The Paradigm Shift in Dutch Environmental Politics Greening Society The Paradigm Shift in Dutch Environmental Politics Edited by Peter P.J. Driessen Pieter Glasbergen Professor of Environmental Studies, Department of Environmental Studies and Policy, Utrecht University, The Netherlands SPRINGER-SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V. A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 978-90-481-6031-0 ISBN 978-94-015-9958-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-94-015-9958-0 Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2002 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2002 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. CONTENTS Preface vii About the authors IX Part 1 - Introduction The Paradigm Shift in Environmental Politics 3 -Towards a New Image of the Manageable Society Pieter Glasbergen and Peter P.J. Driessen 2 Networks as a New Concept for Governance 27 Henri J.M. Goverde and Nico J.M. Nelissen 3 Strategies in Environmental Policy 47 - A Historical Institutional Perspective Jan P.M. van Tatenhove and Henri J.M. Goverde Part 2 - Environmental Politics in an Economical Context 4 Greening Production as Co-responsibility 67 Walter J. V Vermeulen 5 The Stubborn Consumer 91 Walter J. V Vermeulen Part 3 - Environmental Politics in a Spatial Context 6 The Renewal of Rural Areas 115 Peter P.J. Driessen, Henri J.M. Goverde and Jan P.M. van Tatenhove 7 Policy Innovations in the Urban Context 137 Jochem FM. van der Waals and Pieter Glasbergen v Part 4 - Political Institutional Aspects 8 Environment and Participation 163 - The Shifting Significance of a Double Concept Pieter Leroy and Jan P.M. van Tatenhove 9 Greening Political Institutions 185 Pieter Glasbergen and Henri J.M. Goverde 10 The Netherlands: International Innovator or Self 205 interested Negotiator? Bas Arts, Carel Dieperink and Duncan Liefferink Part 5 - Conclusions 11 The Paradigm Shift in Environmental 227 Policy Research Pieter Leroy and Nico J.M. Nelissen 12 New Directions in Environmental Politics 245 - Concluding Remarks Peter P.J. Driessen and Pieter Glasbergen vi PREFACE This book can be regarded as a monograph on the debates and developments in Dutch environmental policy. It has been written with a specific perspective in mind. First and foremost, the line of approach we have taken was from a multidisciplinary social science point of view. The trend in environmental policy is looked at from the angle of sociology, policy studies and political science. Secondly, all analyses depart from the paradigm shift concept. This particular paradigm shift is based on the fact that a radical change has taken shape over the years in the way environmental issues are handled. Previously, environmental policy had always been characterised by is top-down approach in which government determined the actual objectives of policy and assumed that it could win over business, non governmental organisations and citizens to act in line with those objectives. There was also a great deal of faith in the technical solutions to environmental issues. Today's environmental policy is based on a totally different philosophy. Environmental objectives are now reached in association with business, non-governmental organisations and citizens. These actors are also involved in bringing environmental policy into practice. In other words, the implementation of policy has a more interactive nature. New relationships emerge between government, the market and civil society, and policy discourses also become integrated. The environmental interest is more often weighed against the econom1c interests, the spatial development and against social justice. The object of this book is both to give an analysis of this paradigm shift and to explore the opportunities and limitations of the new method of governance. The development of the new paradigm is set in the context of further, general social and institutional change. While the analyses relate specifically to Dutch environmental policy, the lessons they learn can also be of significance for the environmental policy pursued in other liberal democratic nations. This book is the product of intensive teamwork between scientists of Utrecht University (Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Copernicus Institute) and the University of Nijmegen (Nijmegen School of Management). We wish to express our thanks to the authors for the work they have put into this publication and for the inspiring and constructive exchange of ideas that emerged during the process. vii Finally, we must also express our gratitude to Rien Rabbers of the KartLab of the Faculty of Geographical Sciences, Utrecht University, for his work on lay out and design. Peter P.J. Driessen Pieter Glasbergen Utrecht University viii ABOUT THE AUTHORS Peter P.J. Driessen is Associate Professor of Environmental Politics and Management at Utrecht University, Department of Environmental Studies and Policy. Most of his research is related to planning and management issues on the national and regional level. He is in particular concerned with the relationships between environmental planning, spatial planning and water management. Furthermore he is engaged in research on opportunities in and the risks of network management. Pieter Glasbergen is Professor of Environmental Studies holding a chair in Environmental Policy at Utrecht University (Department of Environmental Studies and Policy) and the Dutch Open University. His main interest is in planning and policy issues, particularly with reference to environmental policy, spatial planning, water management, and policy on landscape and nature conservation. Bas Arts is lecturer in International Environmental Politics at Nijmegen University, Department of Environmental Policy Sciences. His current professional focus is on the role and power of non-state actors in international environmental politics (particularly NGOs and corporations), and the innovation of environmental policy arrangements at the international level. Carel Dieperink is lecturer in International Environmental Politics at Utrecht University, Department of Environmental Studies and Policy. The main topics of his research activities are environmental policy, international environmental affairs, water management, climate change, policy analysis and evaluation, and environmental innovations. Henri J.M. Goverde is Associate Professor Public Administration at the Nijmegen School of Management, Nijmegen University, and Professor of Political Science, Wageningen University and Research Center. He chairs the Research Committee 'Political Power' of the International Political Science Association. His research focuses on power, policy networks and multi-level governance. His empirical work concerns policy fields as urban and regional politics, architecture and public space, environment and nature conservation, rural innovation, and water management. ix Pieter Leroy is Professor of Political Sciences of the Environment and chairs the Department of Environmental Policy Studies at Nijmegen University. His research and publications focuses on new developments in environmental politics and policies and the emergence of new environmental policy arrangements. He has also a part time professorship in Environmental Policies at Antwerp University, Belgium, where he chairs a research consortium on environmental policies. He chairs the steering committees on Flanders' state of the environment and state of nature reports. Duncan Liefferink is lecturer in Environmental Politics at Nijmegen University, Department of Environmental Policy Sciences. His main fields of research are European and comparative environmental politics, with a particular interest in the dynamic interrelationship between national and EU environmental policy making. He is co-editor of the 'Issues in Environmental Politics' series, published by Manchester University Press. Nico J.M. Nelissen was a Professor of Environmental Studies at Tilburg University, and still is a Professor of Public Administration at Nijmegen University. He was a member of the National Council for Environmental Problems and he was also the president of the Dutch Committee for Long Term Environmental Policy. His scientific work focuses on the responsibility of government for the quality of the natural and urban environment. In this context, he has written several books on environmental consciousness, environmentally-sound behavior, environmental movements, environmental policy, urban renewal, monument care, urban planning, architecture, public administration and governmental policy. Jan P.M. van Tatenhove is Associate Professor of Public Policy at the Department of Political Sciences at the University of Amsterdam. His research focuses on processes of political modernisation and the institutionalisation and development of policy arrangements, new political spaces and multi-level governance in policy domains, such as environmental policy, nature conservation and spatial planning. Walter V.J. Vermeulen is a lecturer at Utrecht University, Department of Environmental Studies and Policy. His work focuses on design, implementation and effectiveness of new strategies for increasing eco efficiency of production and consumption and co-production of sustainable development strategies. X
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