Greenidea formosana (Maki), an Aphid New to the Hawaiian Islands (Homoptera: Aphididae: Greenideinae)

2 Pages·1993·0.08 MB·

by  Beardsley, J W

157
SCIENTIFICNOTE
Greenideaformosana (Maki), an Aphid New to the Hawaiian
Islands (Homoptera: Aphididae: Greenideinae)
JOHN W. BEARDSLEY
DepartmentofEntomology, UniversityofHawaii, Honolulu,Hawai'i96822, USA
ABSTRACT.Greenideaformosana,anaphidnewtotheHawaiian Islands,wascollect
ed for the first time in Hawai'i on the campus ofthe University ofHawaii at Manoa,
Oahu. on 26 February 1993 by J.W. Beardsley. on foliage ofcommon guava, Psidium
guajava. Greenidea formosana is an Asian species belonging to the the subfamily
Greenideinae. This group was previously unrepresented in Hawaii, and this is the first
reportedoccurrenceofG.formosanaoutsideofAsia.
On 26 February I993,1 foundanunusualappearingbrownishaphidlightly infesting
asmall bush ofcommon guava, Psidiiunguajava L.,on the campusofthe Universityof
Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu. About 30 adult and immature aphids were collected. Slide
preparations were made and the aphid was identified as Greenidea sp., possiblyformo
sana (Maki). Subsequently, specimens were sent to Manya B. Stoetzel, aphid specialist,
U.S. Department ofAgriculture, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Beltsville, Mary
land, whoconfirmed that thespecieswas G.formosana. This isanew recordforHawaii
and for the Western Hemisphere, as this aphid was previously unknown outside ofAsia
accordingtoStoetzel. Greenideaformosanawasdescribedoriginally (Maki 1917) inthe
genus Trichosiphum Pergande, now considered a subgenus of Greenidea Schouteden
(Eastop&HillcRisLambers 1976). GreenideaisthetypegenusofthesubfamilyGreeni
deinae, a small, largely Asian group not previously known from the Hawaiian Islands.
Greenideaformosanahasbeenredescribedand figuredbyTakahashi(1924)andCalilung
(1967). It occurs in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, China, Japan, Taiwan (type locality),
Ryukyu Is., Philippines, and Indonesia (Java, Sumatra) (Blackman & Eastop 1984).
Recorded hosts ofthis aphid includeplants in the families Myrtaceae(Callistemoncitri-
nus,Eugeniasp.,Melaleucasp.,Psidiumguajava. Rhodomyrlustomentosa, andTrislania
rufescens), Moraccae (Fiats microcarpa and Ficus wighiiana), and Clusiaccac (Nesua
ferrea) (M.B. Stoetzel, pers. comm.). Greenidea formosana is an unusual appearing
aphid.The nymphsandadultapteraeare brownish incolor,somewhatflattenedin shape,
with prominent cornicles that bear long hairs. Unlike most aphids, they moverelatively
rapidly whendisturbed. In the alate adults, theslender, hair-bearingcornicles areexcep
tionallyelongate,oftenexceedingtheabdomen in length.Asearch ofmorethanadozen
guavabushes,madebymeinandneartheUniversityofHawaiiatManoaduringtheweek
following the initial discovery, found only I additional small infestation ofabout 20-25
aphids.Thisand theoriginal infestationdisappeared afterabout2weeks, whichsuggests
thatundernormal conditionsthisspeciesisunlikelytodeveloppopulationslargeenough
to cause serious direct damage in Hawai'i. Its potential as a vector of plant disease is
unknown.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am indebted to Manya B. Stoetzel for heridentification ofthis aphid and for pro
viding references relating to it. Journal Series No. 4047, Hawaii Institute of Tropical
Agriculture and Human Resources.
158 Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society Vol. 32
LITERATURECITED
Blackmail, R.L. & V.F. Eastop. 1984. Aphids on the world's crops, an identification
guide. J. Wiley & Sons,NewYork.466p.
Calilung, V.J. 1967. A faunistic study of Philippine aphids (Aphididae, Homoptera).
Philipp. Agric. 51: 93-170.
Eastop,V.F. &D. HideRisLambers. 1976. Surveyoftheworld'saphids.W.Junk,The
Hague. 573 p.
Maki, M. 1917. Collection ofessays for Nawa, p. 13. [Not seen, reference from Tak-
ahashi 1924.]
Takahashi. R. 1924. Aphididae of Formosa, Part 3. Report 101, Department ofAgri
culture,Government Research Institute,Formosa. 121 p.
Manuscriptsubmitted:21 Apr. 1993
Manuscriptaccepted:5Nov. 1993