Green Building Fundamentals

189 Pages·2010·10.691 MB·English

by  Mike Montoya

G B F
REEN UILDING UNDAMENTALS
PRACTICAL GUIDE TO UNDERSTANDING AND APPLYING
FUNDAMENTAL SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES
®
AND THE LEED SYSTEM
Second Edition
Michael Montoya, PE, LEED
AP
Prentice Hall
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Montoya, Michael.
Green building fundamentals : practical guide to understanding and applying fundamental
sustainable construction practices and the leed system / Michael Montoya.–– 2nd ed.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-511108-6
ISBN-10: 0-13-511108-0
1. Sustainable construction. 2. Sustainable buildings––Design and construction. 3. Leadership in
Energy and Environmental Design Green Building Rating System. I. Title.
TH880.M66 2011
690.028'6––dc22 2009042637
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
ISBN-10: 0-13-511108-0
ISBN-13: 978-0-13-511108-6
This book is dedicated to my sweet little princess, Mia;
I hope it will help make the world a better place
for you to grow up in.
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CONTENTS
Preface xi
Chapter 1 Introduction to Green Building Fundamentals 1
References and Resources for Further Study 4
Chapter 2 Sustainability and the Building Industry 5
The Triple Bottom Line 5
The Environmental Imperative 5
The Economic Imperative 7
The Social Imperative 8
References and Resources for Further Study 10
Chapter 3 Sustainable Design and Green Building 11
Sustainable Design Practices 11
Benefits of Sustainably Designed Projects 15
Designing High-Efficiency Buildings 17
Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle Building Materials 17
Natural Resource Use Reduction 17
Green Building Practices 19
LEED®, Follow, or Get Out of the Way 20
References and Resources for Further Study 22
Chapter 4 Evaluating Cost Implications of Green Building 23
Cost Implications of Green Building 23
Evaluating “Soft” Costs 25
Evaluating Capital Costs and Initial Investment 26
Life-Cycle Cost and Long-Term Investment Considerations 27
Selling and Renting LEED Buildings 28
Long-Term Cost Benefits Due to User Productivity 28
Building Energy and Water Consumption 29
References and Resources for Further Study 30
Chapter 5 Site Development Considerations 31
Evaluating the Project Site 31
Developing Damaged Sites 33
v
vi Contents
Brownfield Site Remediation Strategies 34
AIRSPARGING 34
BIOPLUGS 34
BIOREMEDIATION 35
BIOVENTING 35
ELECTROKINETICREMEDIATION 35
SOILFLUSHING 35
CHEMICALOXIDATION 35
PHYTOREMEDIATION 35
SOLARDETOX 35
Encouraging Alternative Transportation Use 35
Reducing Disturbance to Natural Ecosystems 37
Reducing Heat Island Effects on Ecosystems 37
Reducing Pollution from Building and Site Lighting 39
Maximizing Efficiency by Using Building Orientation 39
References and Resources for Further Study 41
Chapter 6 Managing Site Water Runoff 43
Managing Erosion and Controlling Sedimentation 43
Effective Strategies for Stormwater Management 49
References and Resources for Further Study 52
Chapter 7 Improving a Project’s Water Use Efficiency 53
Improving Water Use Efficiency 53
Water-Efficient Landscaping 53
Water-Efficient Buildings 54
Recycling Wastewater 55
Wastewater Retention and Reuse 56
Rainwater Reuse 57
INFILTRATIONSYSTEMS 58
REUSESYSTEMS 58
Greywater Reuse from Buildings 59
References and Resources for Further Study 60
Chapter 8 Improving a Building’s Energy Efficiency 61
Efficient Energy Use for Building Systems 61
Heating and Cooling Systems 61
Passive Solar Heating and Cooling 62
Direct Heat Gain 63
Indirect Heat Gain 64
Isolated Heat Gain 65
Maximizing Energy Performance 65
References and Resources for Further Study 67
Contents vii
Chapter 9 Using Renewable Energy Sources 68
Renewable Energy Sources 68
Green Power 70
Wind Farms 70
Photovoltaic Power Plants 72
Solar Thermal Power Plants 74
Geothermal Power Plants 75
Hydroelectric Power Plants 76
TIDAL-SURGE–POWEREDELECTRICITY 76
Biomass Power Sources 77
Tidal Power Sources 77
References and Resources for Further Study 77
Chapter 10 On-Site Power Generation Using Renewable
Energy Sources 79
Photovoltaic (PV) Power Generation 79
Electricity Storage with PV Systems 81
Grid-Connected PV Systems 81
Building-Mounted PV Systems 83
Site-Mounted PV Arrays 84
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics 85
Financial Incentives for On-Site Solar
Power Generation 87
SUBSIDIES 87
NETMETERING 87
FEED-INTARIFFS 87
Biomass Power Systems 88
Geothermal Power Systems 88
Wind Turbine Power Systems 89
Turbine Configuration 90
Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems 92
References and Resources for Further Study 93
Chapter 11 Improving a Building’s Material Use 94
Reusing Existing Building Stock 94
Selecting Building Materials 94
Building Materials That Have Recycled
Content 95
Material Transportation Impacts 95
viii Contents
Building Materials That are Made from Rapidly Renewable
Resources 96
Recycling Construction Waste 97
References and Resources for Further Study 98
Chapter 12 Improving a Building’s Indoor Environment
Quality 99
Ventilation Systems for Improved Indoor Air Quality 99
Measuring Indoor Air Quality 99
Mechanical Ventilation Systems 100
Passive Ventilation Systems 100
CROSS-VENTILATION 101
STACKVENTILATION 101
Hybrid Integrated Ventilation Systems 102
Methods for Improving Indoor Air Quality During
Construction 103
Construction Air Quality Control Plan 103
Improving Air Quality During Construction 103
References and Resources for Further Study 104
Chapter 13 The USGBC’s LEED® Green Building
Certification Program 105
Sustainability and the USGBC’s LEED®Green Building
Certification Program 105
The U.S. Green Building Council 105
USGBC Guiding Principles 106
The LEED Green Building Rating System 106
The Future of LEED 108
Becoming a LEED-Accredited Professional 108
Building Certification 110
References and Resources for Further Study 112
Chapter 14 Becoming a LEED Green Associate 113
LEED Accredited Professional Programs 113
LEED Green Associate Program 114
Preparing for the LEED Green Associate Exam 115
Focused Study Plan 115
USGBC Reference Guide 118
Timeline for LEED Implementation 121
Contents ix
Additional Study Sources 121
PRIMARYREFERENCES 122
ANCILLARYREFERENCES 122
Exam Format 122
LEED Green Associate Exam General Topics 123
SYNERGISTICOPPORTUNITIESANDLEED APPLICATIONPROCESS 123
PROJECTSITEFACTORS 123
WATERMANAGEMENT 124
PROJECTSYSTEMSANDENERGYIMPACTS 124
ACQUISITION, INSTALLATION,ANDMANAGEMENTOFPROJECTMATERIALS 125
STAKEHOLDERINVOLVEMENTININNOVATION 125
PROJECTSURROUNDINGSANDPUBLICOUTREACH 125
Study Assessment Guide 125
Appendix A: Project Checklist: LEED Version 3 (2009) 127
Appendix B: LEED Version 3 Study Outline 133
Appendix C: Study Assessment Guide LEED Version 3 Green
Associate 135
Appendix D: Study Assessment Guide Answer Key and Focused
Study Resources 145
Index 167