Greek Orators VI: Apollodorus Against Nearia [Demosthenes] 59

173 Pages·1998·6.708 MB·English

by  Christopher Carey (editor)

ARIS & PHILLIPS CLASSICAL TEXTS
GREEK ORATORS VI
Apollodoros Against Neaira
| Demosthenes] 59
EDITED WITH AN INTRODUCTION, TRANSLATION & COMMENTARY BY
Christopher Carey
Aris & ΡΗΠ11Ρ5 CLassıcaL TEXTS
GREEK ORATORS VI
Apollodoros Agains Neaira
[Demosthenes] 59
Edited with an introduction, translation and notes by
Christopher Carey
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© The author Christopher Carey
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Contents
Preface.......uncunnnseneseessessnnsonnnensonnonnnrnonnnnnonnornnnnnnennnonennnannenssnsnnensensnsensennenenonn V
Abbreviations.....ceeescesessnssssonsnnnnesnenenonsonnnnnnnenonsnennnnnsonensnennnsnsnsnnessssensnsnnnen vi
Introduction
1. Dramatis personae........nnnnrsersnsnennensnnnonsnnnennnenennnonnnneonenonnansonsnnn 1
ΑΞ -----Ῥ 3
3. The ἰανν ecccccceccssscsseeseeseseeseeesseesensesscessesuseusesecseesaseasensensensesaueenssseeses 3
4. The hidden agenda..............unnenrserserserenorsnsnennenenenennnuenonsananesnennennn 4
5. Apollodoros’ case......uneeneneneennersnnnonsonsnnsnennannonnannsnnnnennonannnorsonsnnnnn 8
6. The speech..ueeennseeneesersernnenenneennennennenennansonnnnonsnenenennnsnenennonsnsnnsnnsnnn 12
7. Women in Athens.....unnnseensnenesseensennennnnsnennnnoonenosensnenenonensonenenonesnannn 15
8. Authorship and style.......ennerneseeneenernennnnnennsnnennnnennnnnonnennnnesoranenernnnn 17
9, The documents....neesneneenserseesnsnneenennsnnnsnsenensesnensnssnneneenennessnnsensnennn 20
10. The text..neesseesnessensseensenssnennensaonsnnnnensnensnsssonsnnnnnonsnnnesenessnenensnnenann 20
Text and Translation.............cccesccsssssssessecsssseseonsceneessecsseesseseaeeenesenerseesnseens 30
Commentary.........ceenesnsssnnsnssnssennesensnenssnennessnnensenensensanssssonsnsnssnssrnnssnennonn 84
Appendix....uusessessesessessesnensnnsnnorsorsonnennnnnnnennensesennonnssnnonnannansonssnnssnnsnsnnnen 152
IN MEMORY OF MY PARENTS
CHRISTOPHER CAREY 1914 - 1989
ALICE MAY CAREY 1923 - 1992
Preface
Firstly, a note about the title. It has been suggested since late antiquity that the
Neaira is not the work of Demosthenes. It is widely believed that the speech was
written by the principal speaker, Apollodoros, himself. Since I share that belief, I
felt that after two and a half millenia Apollodoros should finally be given star
billing.
The Neaira is one of the most fascinating texts from fourth century Athens
which have come down to us. It is all the more unfortunate therefore that no
commentary is readily available in English. This book seeks to supply that need. It
is aimed principally at undergraduates and senior pupils in high schools. With that
audience in mind, and in view of the fact that I have undertaken no independent
collation of the manuscripts, I have not included an apparatus, which would merely
reproduce information available elsewhere. Departures from: the Oxford. text are
noted at the end of the Introduction. As far as possible the commentary .confines
itself to literary and historical matters; textual problems have been addressed rarely,
and only where absolutely necessary. I have sought to produce a readable and
accurate translation, while at the same time conveying something of the inelegance
of Apollodoros’ Greek.
The book was completed more or less in its present form by September 1991.
Subsequent progress was slowed significantly by the administrative and other duties
of a new appointment. However, delay offered a compensatory advantage, since I
was able to subject the typescript in its entirety to the scrutiny of my colleagues at
Royal Holloway and Bedford New College, Dr. Stephen Usher and Dr. Rosalind
Thomas, and Dr. Stephen Todd of the University of Keele. I am grateful to them
for drawing my attention to inadequacies. I have not always followed their advice;
so for any remaining defects-the responsibility rests with the author. I am also very
grateful to Tig Lang and Lynne Grierson for putting on disk the first drafts of the
Greek text and the English translation respectively, to Jeremy Trevett for sending
me a copy of the proofs of his forthcoming book as I was preparing the final draft,
and to Prof. U. Albini for the gift of a copy of Avezzü’s commentary.
Christopher Carey,
Royal Holioway and Bedford New College,
University of London,
May 1992
ABBREVIATIONS
Avezzü E. Avezzü, Demostene, Processo a una cortigiana
(contro Neera) (Venice 1986)
Blass F. Blass, Die attische Beredsamkeit2, vol.ü (Leipzig
1887)
Bonner-Smith RJ. Bonner and G. Smith, The administration of
justice from Homer to Aristotle, 2 vols. (Chicago
1930, 1938)
Carey C. Carey, Lysias, selected speeches (Cambridge
1990)
Carey-Reid C. Carey and R.A. Reid, Demosthenes: selected
‘private speeches (Cambridge 1985)
Davies APF JK. Davies, Athenian propertied families,
600-300 B.C. (Oxford 1971)
Dover GPM K.J. Dover, Greek popular morality in the time of
Plato and Aristotle (Oxford 1974)
Drerup E. Drerup, Uber die bei den attischen Rednern
eigelegten Urkunden (Jahrb. für cl. Phil. Suppl. 24,
1898)
Gernet L. Gernet, Demosthene, plaidoyers civils TV (Paris
1959)
Gomme A.W. Gomme, A historical commentary on
Thucydides vol. TI (Oxford 1956)
Harrison A.R.W. Harrison, The law of Athens, 2 vols.
(Oxford 1968, 1971)
“IG Inscriptiones Graecae (Berlin 1873- )
Kirchner PA J. Kirchner, Prosopographia Attica (Berlin
1901-3)
Lacey W.K. Lacey, The family in Classical Greece
(Auckland 1983)
Lipsius J.H. Lipsius, Das attische Recht und Rechtsver-
fahren (Leipzig 1905-15)
MacDowell Andok. D.M. MacDowell, Andokides on the Mysteries
(Oxford 1962)
MacDowell Meidias D.M. MacDowell, Demosthenes against Meidias
(oration 21) (Oxford 1990)
MacDowell AHL D.M. MacDowell, Athenian homicide law in the age
of the orators (Manchester 1963)
MacDowell Law D.M. MacDowell, The law in classical Athens
(London, 1978)
vi
Meiggs-Lewis R. Meiggs and D.M. Lewis, A selection of Greek
historical inscriptions (Oxford 1969)
Millett P. Millett, Lending and borrowing in ancient Athens
(Cambridge 1991)
Osborne M.J. Osborne, Naturalization in Athens, 4 vols.
(Brussels 1981-3)
Parke, H.W. Parke, Festivals of the Athenians (London
1977)
Patteson A.J. Patteson, A commentary on [Demosthenes]
LIX: Against Neaira (Diss. Pennsylvania 1978)
Rhodes P.J. Rhodes, A commentary on the Aristotelian
Athenaion Politeia (Oxford 1981)
Rhodes AB P.J. Rhodes, The Athenian Boule (Oxford 1972)
Simon E. Simon, Festivals of Attica (Wisconsin 1983)
Thomas R. Thomas, Oral tradition and written record in
classical Athens (Cambridge 1989)
Travlos PDA J. Travlos, Pictorial dictionary of Athens (London
1971)
Trevett A pollodoros J.C. Trevett, Apollodoros the son of Pasion
(Oxford 1992)
vil

INTRODUCTION
1. Dramatis personae
Apollodoros
Apollodoros is well known to us from a number of speeches preserved in the
Demosthenic corpus. He was born in 394. His father Pasion! was originally a slave
in a bank. He was freed and became a banker himself. He was subsequently granted
Athenian citizenship.2 When he died in 370 Pasion left a vast fortune.
About Apollodoros’ personal life we know only the sort of scandalous and
unreliable detail which was standard ammunition in Greek litigation. We are better
informed about his public activities. Partly no doubt out of genuine gratitude to
Athens for the gift of citizenship, partly because he wished to ingratiate himself
with the people as a foundation for a political career, Apollodoros was especially
diligent in performing leitourgiai% In 368 he served as trierarch of a ship in
Peloponnesian waters. In 366/5 he was joint trierarch on two ships in succession.
He was joint trierarch of a ship in the north Aegaean from autumn 362 to February
360. In 362 he was also one of the rich men charged with making advance payment
of the war levy; such men would pay the tax in advance and recoup the appropriate
amount from others liable to the tax. He served as joint trierarch of the ship
Phosphoros in 356. He was chorus producer (choregos) for his tribe in the boys’
dithyramb at the Dionysia in 352/1. The only office he is known to have held is
that of member of the Council of Five Hundred in 349-8.
Apollodoros was involved in an unusual amount of litigation. Pasion had
bequeathed his wife Archippe to a former slave of his, Phormion, who was named
guardian of Pasion’s younger son Pasikles in Pasion’s will. Apollodoros quarrelled
with Phormion over Pasion’s estate soon after the latter’s death; the quarrel lasted
for nearly two decades. Apollodoros also sued, and was sued by, people who had
dealt with his father’s bank and who owed money to Pasion’s estate or were owed
money. His public career was another source of litigation. The trierarchy of 362-60
led to his suing his successor for failure to relieve him on time. After the same
trierarchy he prosecuted the three successive commanders of the fleet; he secured
the execution of one. He also brought other public indictments and was himself
prosecuted on at least one occasion.5
Theomnestos
[Dem.]59 is really two speeches. §§16-126 were delivered by Apollodoros. 881-15
were delivered by his kinsman by marriage, Theomnestos. All we learn about him is
1