Grand Strategy in Theory and Practice: The Need for an Effective American Foreign Policy PDF
Preview Grand Strategy in Theory and Practice: The Need for an Effective American Foreign Policy
grand strategy in theory and practice The Need for an Effective American Foreign Policy Thisbookexploresfundamentalquestionsaboutgrandstrategy,asithasevolved across generations and countries. It provides an overview of the ancient era of grand strategy and a detailed discussion of its philosophical, military, and eco- nomic foundations in the modern era. The author investigates these aspects throughthelensoffourapproaches–thoseofhistorians,socialscientists,practi- tioners,andmilitarystrategists.Themaingoalistoprovidecontemporarypolicy makers and scholars with an historic and analytic framework through which to evaluateandconductgrandstrategy.Byprovidinggreateranalyticalclarityabout grandstrategyanddescribingitsnatureandutilityforthestate,thebookpresents acomprehensivetheoryandpracticeofgrandstrategyinordertoarticulatethe UnitedStates’past,present,andfuturepurposeandpositionontheworldstage. WilliamC.MartelisAssociateProfessorofInternationalSecurityStudiesatThe Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. His research and teachinginterestsareininternationalsecurityandpublicpolicy.Hismostrecent bookisVictoryinWar:FoundationsofStrategy(2011).MartelwasaProfessorof NationalSecurityAffairsattheNavalWarCollegeandservedontheprofessional staff of the RAND Corporation in Washington. He served as an advisor to the National Security Council from 2002 to 2003 and from 2007 to 2010; as a consultant to the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Office of the SecretaryofDefense, the U.S. Air Force,and the U.S.Air ForceScientific AdvisoryBoard;andasamemberoftheDefenseDepartment’sThreatReduction AdvisoryCommittee. Grand Strategy in Theory and Practice the need for an effective american foreign policy William C. Martel TuftsUniversity,TheFletcherSchool 32AvenueoftheAmericas,NewYork,NY10013-2473,USA CambridgeUniversityPressispartoftheUniversityofCambridge. ItfurtherstheUniversity’smissionbydisseminatingknowledgeinthepursuitof education,learning,andresearchatthehighestinternationallevelsofexcellence. www.cambridge.org Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107442214 ©WilliamC.Martel2015 Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements, noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithoutthewritten permissionofCambridgeUniversityPress. Firstpublished2015 PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica AcatalogrecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Martel,WilliamC. Grandstrategyintheoryandpractice:theneedforaneffectiveAmerican foreignpolicy/WilliamC.Martel. pages cm ISBN978-1-107-08206-9(hardback) 1. UnitedStates–Foreignrelations. 2. UnitedStates–Militarypolicy. 3. Strategicplanning–UnitedStates. I. Title. E183.7.M364 2014 327.73–dc23 2014027963 ISBN978-1-107-08206-9Hardback ISBN978-1-107-44221-4Paperback CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceoraccuracyof URLsforexternalorthird-partyInternetWebsitesreferredtointhispublication anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuchWebsitesis,orwillremain, accurateorappropriate. To my wife, Dianne Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .pageix 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 ContemporaryClassicsinAmericanGrandStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 Part I Makers of Grand Strategy 3 FoundationsofGrandStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 4 AncientandModernErasofGrandStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57 5 GrandStrategiesofEmpireintheModernEra:Sixteenth toTwentiethCenturies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .89 6 RevolutionaryandNuclearErasofGrandStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .121 Part II Makers of American Grand Strategy 7 BuildingDomesticFoundationsofAmericanPower: WashingtontoLincoln . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .167 8 RestrainingSourcesofDisorder:TheodoreRoosevelt toFranklinDelanoRoosevelt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209 9 ReinforcingAlliancesandPartnerships:TrumantoReagan . . . . . . . . . . .244 10 DriftingbetweenPrinciples:BushtoObama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .300 Part III Conclusion 11 TheMakingofFutureAmericanGrandStrategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .339 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .365 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .519 vii
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