Governance and Development of the East African Community

352 Pages·2015·2.48 MB·English

by  Dixon K

Governance and Development of 
the East African Community: The 
Ethical Sustainability Framework 

Dickson Kanakulya  

Faculty of Arts and Sciences

Studies in Applied Ethics 16 
Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication 
Linköping 2015
Studies in Applied Ethics 16 

Distributed by: 
Department of Culture and Communication  
Linköping University  
581 83 Linköping  
Sweden 

Dickson Kanakulya 
Governance and Development of the East African Community: The Ethical 
Sustainability Framework  
Licentiate thesis 

Edition 1:1 
ISSN 1402‐4152:16 
ISBN 978‐91‐7685‐894‐3 

© The author 
Department of Culture and Communication 2015
Declaration:
I declare that this study is my original work and a product of my personal critical research and
thought.

……………………………………………..
Kanakulya Dickson,
Kampala, Uganda
November, 2015

ii
Approval:

This research report has been submitted with the approval of my supervisor:

Prof. Goran Collste --2015--11--09-----
Co-Supervisor’s name: Signature: Date

iii
© 2015 Kanakulya Dickson

All rights reserved

iv
Dedication:

This work is dedicated to the Lord of all Spirits and Letters; accept it as a feeble effort to serve
your eternal purposes.To Caroline Kanakulya, a beautiful and kindred spirit. To the healing of
the spirit of East Africans.To the watchers who stood steadfast in the days of the multiplication.
Great mysteries await across!

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Acknowledgements:

I acknowledge the Swedish Agency for International Development (Sida) and Makerere
University for funding this research; and the staff of Makerere Directorate of Graduate
Research and Training for support during the study.

My deepest gratitude goes to my wife Caroline Kanakulya, my travel companion in life’s
journey; thanks for standing my flaws and supporting me. You are such a beautiful spirit; may
the guardians take you safe across.Thanks to my family.Great inspiration for academic pursuits
did I receive from Prof. Zacharias Tanee Fomum, a Makerere trained biochemist anda Doctor
of Science (University of Durham) holder with a deep sense of spiritually-inspired academic
dedication. His life exemplifies the best I have known in the service of the Lord Jesus Christ
through the pursuit of both spiritual and academic excellence. You left an eternal impression
on my spirit towards an academic career to the glory of Our Lord Jesus Christ and hope this
little effort makes you proud in Beaulah Land! I also express eternal gratitude to Dr. Michael
Nyisomeh and his wife Dr. Macrine Nyisomeh of Christian Missionary Fellowship
International (CMFI) for their tremendous input in shaping my life and for praying and
encouraging my academic pursuit; what a memorable work we have wrought for our
generation. AM grateful to my beautiful mother, Norah Nakiwala, and sister, Suzan Nakayenga
for your input. To all the members of CMFI who stood beside meby wayof the ‘greatest force’
in the universe:I am grateful. Maranatha!

Acknowledgements go to Prof. Katri Pohjolainen-Yap for her encouragement to pursue this
research at a time of low energy.Thanks to the academic communities that have challenged my
ideas and encouraged me a lot: academic communities at Department of Philosophy, Makerere
University; Centre for Applied Ethics-CTE (Linköping University); and at Uganda Christian
University.You added great value to my research. Thank you Prof. Göran Collste for advising
me along the way; Prof. Wamala Edward for pushing me and giving me insightful comments;
Prof. Anders Nordgren for providing a conducive study environment at the CTE. Heartfelt
thanks go to the experts on the East African Community that I interacted with during my study
visits across the region; Amb. Butagira Francis (former Ugandan envoy to the EAC), Prof.
Chacha Nyaigotti (Catholic University of Eastern Africa), Mr. Nganatha Karugu (Kenya
School of Government), Ms. Henjewele Florida (Political Integration Programme-EAC
Secretariat), Dr. Wanyama Masinde (Institute for Regional Integration and Development-
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Kenya), Mr. Barrack R. Ndegwa and Mr. Gwaro Ogaro (Min. of EAC Affairs-Kenya), Mr.
Sebina Edward (Min. of EAC Affairs-Uganda), Prof. Mahmoud Masaeli (Sch. of International
and Global Studies-Univ. of Ottawa), Ms. Sarah Tangen (Friedrich Ebert Stiftung-Uganda),
Dr. Rico Sneller (Humanities-Leiden University), and Prof. Wolfgang Schmidt (Linköping
University). The list can’t be exhausted but am grateful to the silent majority.

I can’t forget to thank Aisha Nakiwala: together we took the academic journey as novicesat the
School of Liberal and Performing Arts (Makerere University) and helped eachother find our
bearing in the academic world. Congratulations to you too Aisha! Special thanks to: Dr. Maren
Behrensen, Dr. Elin Palm, Yusuf Yekusedag, Cristina Marano, Richard Golooba, Michael
Kizito,Antonina Matundura, Ibale Hope, John Ahumuza, Samson Olum, Mark Omong (the list
is endless); thanks for sharing great ideas that contributed to this piece in the ‘Osagyefo’
movement (this is an Akan word which means ‘redeemer’ given to one who returned victorious
in battle; it was ascribed to the famous Ghanaian Kwame Nkrumah for his courage and
foresight in advocating for African independence and unity). A heartfelt thank you to Sylvia
Nakiirya for proofreading the final text in a dedicated way.

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Table of Contents:

Declaration: ................................................................................................................................ ii
Approval: ................................................................................................................................. iii
Dedication: ................................................................................................................................. v
Acknowledgements: .................................................................................................................. vi
Table of Contents ................................................................................................................... viii
List of Tables: .......................................................................................................................... xv
List of Figures and Illustrations: ............................................................................................. xvi
Abbreviations: ........................................................................................................................ xvii
Abstract: ................................................................................................................................... xx
CHAPTER I ............................................................................................................................. 1
GENERAL INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction: ......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1 Unsustainability Fissures in the East African Community: ........................................ 1
1.2 Applied Ethics and the Quest for Sustainable Development: .............................................. 3
1.3 General Background on the Study: ...................................................................................... 5
1.4 Statement of the Problem: .................................................................................................... 9
1.4.1 Research Question: ..................................................................................................... 9
1.5 General Objective of the Study: ......................................................................................... 10
1.5.1 Specific Objectives .................................................................................................. 10
1.5.2 Objectives Table: ..................................................................................................... 10
1.6 Significance of the Study: .................................................................................................. 11
1.6.1 Justification of the Study: ........................................................................................ 12
1.7 Hypotheses of the Study: ................................................................................................... 12
1.7.1 Basic assumptions of the Study: .............................................................................. 14
1.8 Theoretical Framework: ..................................................................................................... 15
1.8.1 Ethics Theory: ......................................................................................................... 17
1.8.1.1 Ethical Principlism: ....................................................................................... 17
1.8.1.2 Virtue Ethics: ................................................................................................ 18
1.8.1.3 Ubuntu Ethics: .............................................................................................. 20
1.8.1.4 Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development: .................................................. 22
1.8.2 Development Theory: .............................................................................................. 22
1.8.2.1 Sustainable Development: ............................................................................ 23
1.8.2.2 Capabilities Approach:.................................................................................. 24
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1.8.3 Governance Theory: ................................................................................................ 25
1.8.3.1 Regional Integration Theory: ........................................................................ 25
1.8.3.1.1 African Political Unionism: ....................................................................... 25
1.8.3.1.2 Neofunctionalism: ...................................................................................... 26
1.8.3.1.3 Neoinstitutionalism: ................................................................................... 26
1.8.3.2 Regional Governance Theory: ...................................................................... 27
1.8.3.2.1 Metagovernance: ........................................................................................ 27
1.8.3.2.2 Social Justice:............................................................................................. 28
1.9 Scope of the Study ............................................................................................................. 29
1.9.1 Disciplinal Scope: .................................................................................................... 29
1.9.2 Geographical Scope: ................................................................................................ 30
1.9.3 Temporal Scope: ...................................................................................................... 32
1.10 Methodology: ................................................................................................................... 32
1.10.1 Qualitative Research and Objectivity: ...................................................................... 32
1.10.2 Reflective Equilibrium Method in Applied Ethics: .................................................. 34
1.10.3 Research Design: ...................................................................................................... 37
1.10.4 Trends and tools of Research: .................................................................................. 38
1.10.4.1 Combination of Trends in Applied Ethics Research: ................................. 38
1.10.4.1.1 Trend 1: Practical Theorization on Moral Issues: .................................... 38
1.10.4.1.2 Trend 2: Practicalization of Ethical Theory: ............................................ 39
1.10.4.2 Specific Tools of the Study: ........................................................................ 40
1.10.5 Data Handling: ............................................................................................... 41
1.10.5.1 Quality Control Measures: .......................................................................... 41
1.10.5.1.1 Validity: ................................................................................................... 41
1.10.5.1.2 Data Reliability: ....................................................................................... 41
1.11 Relevant Considerations and Limitations: ....................................................................... 42
1.11.1 Ethical Consideration: .......................................................................................... 42
1.11.2 Environmental Considerations: ............................................................................ 42
1.11.3 Challenges Encountered: ..................................................................................... 42
1.11.4 Observable Limitations: ....................................................................................... 43
1.12 Conclusion: ............................................................................................................. 44
CHAPTER II .......................................................................................................................... 45
LITERATURE REVIEW ..................................................................................................... 45
2.1 Introduction: ....................................................................................................................... 45
2.2 The Development Challenge in Africa: ............................................................................. 45
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