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Goddesses, Elixirs, and Witches: Plants and Sexuality throughout Human History PDF

224 Pages·2010·2.94 MB·English
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Goddesses, Elixirs, and Witches 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd ii 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::2288 PPMM This page intentionally left blank Goddesses, Elixirs, and Witches Plants and Sexuality throughout Human History J M. R OHN IDDLE 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd iiiiii 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::2299 PPMM GODDESSES, ELIXIRS, AND WITCHES Copyright © John M. Riddle, 2010. All rights reserved. First published in 2010 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN® in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world, this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. ISBN: 978–0–230–61064–4 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the Library of Congress. A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library. Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India. First edition: February 2010 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America. 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd iivv 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::2299 PPMM Contents Acknowledgments vii List of Abbreviations ix Introduction 1 1 Inanna’s Huluppu Tree, Pomegranates, and Sexual Power 5 2 Pomegranate as Eve’s Apple 33 3 Mandrake, the Love Apple, and the World’s Religions 55 4 Artemisia, the “Mother Herb” 79 5 The Chaste Tree 113 6 Hermes, Herbs, Elixirs, and Witches 129 Notes 149 Bibliography 185 Index 207 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd vv 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::3300 PPMM This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgments I acknowledge the assistance of two colleagues who have read parts or the entirety of this manuscript; each rendered invaluable, expert suggestions and corrections. John Scarborough (University of Wisconsin) and Anne Van Arsdale (University of New Mexico) are extraordinary colleagues whose love of history generously extends to helping others uncover its lessons. Francis Brévart kindly shared with me some of his unpublished researches on wonder drugs, now in print. Kaye Hughes read the m anuscript with an editor’s eye and two of my students, Robert West and Christopher Musto assisted me with checking citations. I alone am responsible for any remaining errors. Palgrave’s editors were enablers in the best sense of the word. 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd vviiii 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::3300 PPMM This page intentionally left blank Abbreviations ABD A nchor Bible Dictionary, 6 vols. David Noel Freedman et al. eds. New York: Doubleday, c. 1992. ANET A ncient Near Eastern Texts Related to the Old Testament. James B Pritchard, ed. 3rd ed. with suppl. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1969. AOS American Oriental Series. Chicago-Glückstadt, 1956. CAD The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 15 vols. Chicago: Oriental Institute, 1956–. CH-1 Corpus Hermetica, Hermetica: The Greek Corpus Hermeticum and the Latin Asclepius in a New English Translation, with notes and introduction. Brian P. Copenhaver. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992. CMG Corpus Medicorum Graecorum. Berlin: 1927–. CML Corpus Medicorum Latinorum. Leipzig: Teuber, 1915–. DAB Dictionary of Assyrian Botany. R. Campbell Thompson. London: British Academy, 1949. H Hermetica: The Ancient Greek and Latin Writings which Contain Religious or Philosophic Teachings Ascribed to Hermes Trismegistus. Walter Scott, trans., in 4 vols. Boston: Shambhala, 1985. MTU Die babylonische-assyrische Medizin in Texten und Unterschungen. Franz Köcher, Robert D. Biggs, and Marten Stol, eds. 7 vols. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1963–2005. OED Oxford English Dictionary. Electronic edition. PL P atrologiae cursus completus. Series Latina. J. P. Migne, ed. Paris: Migne, 44–1882., 221 vols. RAA Revue d’Assyriologie et d’Archéologie Orientale, 1884–. RA Reallexikon der Assyriologie. 12 vols. Berlin, New York; W. de Gruyter, 1932–. ZA Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und verwandte Gebiete. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1886–. 99778800223300661100664444ttss0011..iinndddd iixx 1122//77//22000099 33::0088::3300 PPMM

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From the earliest times, the medicinal properties of certain herbs were connected with deities, particularly goddesses. Only now with modern scientific research can we begin to understand the basis and rationality that these divine connections had and, being preserved in myths and religious stories
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