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Glutathione In The Nervous System PDF

404 Pages·2018·28.943 MB·English
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Glutathione in the Nervous System Glutathione in the Nervous System Edited by Christopher A. Shavi^ Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology and Neuroscience Program University of British Columbia, Vancouver British Columbia, Canada CRC Press Taylor 8i Francis Group Boca Raton London New York CRC Press is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Croup, an informa business USA Publishing OfRce Taylor & Francis 1101 Vermont Avenue, NW, Suite 200 Washington, DC 20005-3521 Tel: (202) 289-2174 Fax: (202) 289-3665 Distribution Center Taylor & Francis 1900 Frost Road, Suite 101 Bristol, PA 19007-1598 Tel: (215) 785-5800 Fax: (215) 785-5515 UK Taylor & Francis Ltd. 1 Gunpowder Square London EC4A 3DE Tel: 0171 583 0490 Fax: 0171 583 0581 GLUTATfflONE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM This book was set in Tunes Roman. Composition and editorial services by TechBooks. Cover design by Norm Myers. A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library. 0The paper in this publication meets the requirements of the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1984 (Permanence of Paper). Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Glutathione in the nervous system / edited by Christopher A. Shaw p. cm. 1. Glutathione - Physiological effect. 2. Glutathione - Pathophysiology. 3. Neurochemistry. I. Shaw, Christopher A. (Christopher Ariel) [DNLM: 1. Glutathione-metabolism. 2. Nervous System - metabolism. QU 68 G5672 1998] QP552.G58G57 1998 612.8'042-dc21 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 97-22575 CIP ISBN 1-56032-643-3 (case) For JB and AS Contents Contributing Authors ..................................................................................... ix Preface .............................................................................................................. xiii Part I: History, Evolution, and Localization of Glutathione in the Nervous System 1. Multiple Roles of Glutathione in the Nervous System ............... 3 Christopher A. Shaw 2. The Discovery of the GSH Receptor in Hydra and Its Evolutionary Significance .................................................................. 25 Howard M. Lenhoff 3. Carrier-Mediated GSH Transport at the Blood-Brain Barrier and Molecular Characterization of Novel Brain GSH Transporters ................................................................................ 45 Ram Kantian, Jian-R. Yi, Berislav V. Zlokovic, and Neil Kaplowitz 4. Antibodies to Glutathione: Production, Characterization, and Immunocytochemical Application to the Central Nervous System..................................................................................... 63 Ole P. Hjelle, E. Rinvik, D. Hosier, W. Reichelt, and Ole P. Ottersen Part II: Multiple Roles of Glutathione in Neural Function 5. Role of Astrocytes in Maintaining Cerebral Glutathione Homeostasis and in Protecting the Brain Against Xenobiotics and Oxidative Stress ............................................................................ 91 Arthur J. L. Cooper 6. Glutathione and the Regulation of Apoptosis in the Nervous System......................................................................................... 117 Khalequz Zaman and Rajiv R. Raton 1. Possible Modulation by Glutathione of Glutamatergic Neurotransmission............................................................................... 137 Kiyokazu Ogita, Makoto Shuto, Hiroko Maeda, Takao Minami, and Yukio Yoneda vii CONTENTS Vlll 8. Glutathione and Glutathione Derivatives: Possible Modulators of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors................................................... 163 Reka Jandky, Vmce Varga, Zsolt Jenei, Pirjo Saransaari, and Simo S. Oja 9. Excitatory Actions of GSH on Neocortex....................................... 197 Bryce A. Pasqualotto, Kenneth Curry, and Christopher A. Shaw 10. Medicinal Chemistry of Glutathione and Glutathione Analogs in the Mammalian Central Nervous System.................................. 217 Kenneth Curry Part III: Glutathione and Neurological Disease 11. Glutathione in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders.. 231 Gianni Benzi and Antonio Moretti 12. The Glutathione Redox State and Zinc Mobilization from Metallothionein and Other Proteins with Zinc-Sulfur Coordination Sites................................................................................ 257 Wolfgang Maret 13. Glutathione Release and Nitrosoglutathione Presence in the CNS: Implications for Schizophrenia.............................................. 275 Michel Cuenod and Kim Quang Do 14. The Role of Altered Glutathione Status in the Development of Parkinson’s Disease......................................................................... 287 J. Sian, M. Gerlach, and P. Riederer 15. Glutathione, Cysteine, and the Neuromelanin Pathway: Potential Roles in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease—a New Hypothesis..................................................................................... 305 Glenn Dryhurst 16. Free-Radical Toxicity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis............ 343 Merit E. Cudkowicz, Robert H. Brown, and Richard A. Smith 17. Oxidative Stress and Neurological Diseases: Is Glutathione Depletion a Common Factor?............................................................. 355 Jaswinder S. Bains and Christopher A. Shaw Index .................................................................................................................. 385 Contributing Authors Jaswinder S. Bains, Ph.D. Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology and Neuroscience Program, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T1Z3 Gianni Benzi, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Pavia, Italy Robert H. Brown, Day Neuromuscular Research Center and Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charleston, Massachusetts 02109 Arthur J. L. Cooper, Departments of Biochemistry and of Neurology and Neuroscience, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York and Burke Medical Research Institute, Cornell University Medical College, White Plains, New York Merit E. Cudkowicz, Day Neuromuscular Research Center and Neurology Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charleston, Massachusetts 02109 Michel Cuenod, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland Kenneth Curry, Precision Biochemicals Inc., Gerald McGavin Building, 206-2386 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6TIZ3 Kim Quang Do, Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland Glenn Dryhurst, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 M. Gerlach, Division of Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany and Division of Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, St. Josef’s Hospital, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany Ole P. Hjelle, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1005, Blindem, N-03I7 Oslo, Norway D. Huster Department of Neurophysiology, Paul-Flechsig Institute for Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, D-04109 Leipzig, Germany tx

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