Glutathione In The Nervous System

404 Pages·2018·28.943 MB·English

by  Shaw, ChristopherAri

Glutathione in the Nervous
System

Glutathione in the Nervous
System
Edited by
Christopher A. Shavi^
Departments of Ophthalmology
and Physiology and Neuroscience Program
University of British Columbia, Vancouver
British Columbia, Canada
CRC Press
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Boca Raton London New York
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GLUTATfflONE IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
This book was set in Tunes Roman. Composition and editorial services by TechBooks. Cover design by
Norm Myers.
A CIP catalog record for this book is available from the British Library.
0The paper in this publication meets the requirements of the ANSI Standard Z39.48-1984 (Permanence
of Paper).
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Glutathione in the nervous system / edited by Christopher A. Shaw
p. cm.
1. Glutathione - Physiological effect. 2. Glutathione - Pathophysiology.
3. Neurochemistry. I. Shaw, Christopher A.
(Christopher Ariel)
[DNLM: 1. Glutathione-metabolism. 2. Nervous System - metabolism.
QU 68 G5672 1998]
QP552.G58G57 1998
612.8'042-dc21
DNLM/DLC
for Library of Congress 97-22575
CIP
ISBN 1-56032-643-3 (case)
For JB and AS

Contents
Contributing Authors ..................................................................................... ix
Preface .............................................................................................................. xiii
Part I: History, Evolution, and Localization of Glutathione
in the Nervous System
1. Multiple Roles of Glutathione in the Nervous System ............... 3
Christopher A. Shaw
2. The Discovery of the GSH Receptor in Hydra and Its
Evolutionary Significance .................................................................. 25
Howard M. Lenhoff
3. Carrier-Mediated GSH Transport at the Blood-Brain
Barrier and Molecular Characterization of Novel Brain
GSH Transporters ................................................................................ 45
Ram Kantian, Jian-R. Yi, Berislav V. Zlokovic,
and Neil Kaplowitz
4. Antibodies to Glutathione: Production, Characterization,
and Immunocytochemical Application to the Central
Nervous System..................................................................................... 63
Ole P. Hjelle, E. Rinvik, D. Hosier, W. Reichelt,
and Ole P. Ottersen
Part II: Multiple Roles of Glutathione in Neural Function
5. Role of Astrocytes in Maintaining Cerebral Glutathione
Homeostasis and in Protecting the Brain Against Xenobiotics
and Oxidative Stress ............................................................................ 91
Arthur J. L. Cooper
6. Glutathione and the Regulation of Apoptosis in the
Nervous System......................................................................................... 117
Khalequz Zaman and Rajiv R. Raton
1. Possible Modulation by Glutathione of Glutamatergic
Neurotransmission............................................................................... 137
Kiyokazu Ogita, Makoto Shuto, Hiroko Maeda,
Takao Minami, and Yukio Yoneda
vii
CONTENTS
Vlll
8. Glutathione and Glutathione Derivatives: Possible Modulators
of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors................................................... 163
Reka Jandky, Vmce Varga, Zsolt Jenei, Pirjo Saransaari,
and Simo S. Oja
9. Excitatory Actions of GSH on Neocortex....................................... 197
Bryce A. Pasqualotto, Kenneth Curry, and Christopher A. Shaw
10. Medicinal Chemistry of Glutathione and Glutathione Analogs
in the Mammalian Central Nervous System.................................. 217
Kenneth Curry
Part III: Glutathione and Neurological Disease
11. Glutathione in Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative Disorders.. 231
Gianni Benzi and Antonio Moretti
12. The Glutathione Redox State and Zinc Mobilization from
Metallothionein and Other Proteins with Zinc-Sulfur
Coordination Sites................................................................................ 257
Wolfgang Maret
13. Glutathione Release and Nitrosoglutathione Presence in the
CNS: Implications for Schizophrenia.............................................. 275
Michel Cuenod and Kim Quang Do
14. The Role of Altered Glutathione Status in the Development
of Parkinson’s Disease......................................................................... 287
J. Sian, M. Gerlach, and P. Riederer
15. Glutathione, Cysteine, and the Neuromelanin Pathway:
Potential Roles in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson’s Disease—a
New Hypothesis..................................................................................... 305
Glenn Dryhurst
16. Free-Radical Toxicity in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis............ 343
Merit E. Cudkowicz, Robert H. Brown, and Richard A. Smith
17. Oxidative Stress and Neurological Diseases: Is Glutathione
Depletion a Common Factor?............................................................. 355
Jaswinder S. Bains and Christopher A. Shaw
Index .................................................................................................................. 385
Contributing Authors
Jaswinder S. Bains, Ph.D. Departments of Ophthalmology and Physiology
and Neuroscience Program, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada V6T1Z3
Gianni Benzi, Institute of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of
Pavia, Italy
Robert H. Brown, Day Neuromuscular Research Center and Neurology
Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charleston, Massachusetts 02109
Arthur J. L. Cooper, Departments of Biochemistry and of Neurology and
Neuroscience, Cornell University Medical College, New York, New York and
Burke Medical Research Institute, Cornell University Medical College,
White Plains, New York
Merit E. Cudkowicz, Day Neuromuscular Research Center and Neurology
Service, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charleston, Massachusetts 02109
Michel Cuenod, Brain Research Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich,
Switzerland
Kenneth Curry, Precision Biochemicals Inc., Gerald McGavin Building,
206-2386 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6TIZ3
Kim Quang Do, Brain Research Institute, University of Zürich, Zürich,
Switzerland
Glenn Dryhurst, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of
Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019
M. Gerlach, Division of Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of
Psychiatry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany and
Division of Clinical Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, St. Josef’s
Hospital, University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
Ole P. Hjelle, Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences,
University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1005, Blindem, N-03I7 Oslo, Norway
D. Huster Department of Neurophysiology, Paul-Flechsig Institute for
Brain Research, University of Leipzig, Jahnallee 59, D-04109 Leipzig,
Germany
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