Globalization and the Dilemmas of the State in the South

302 Pages·1999·36.219 MB·English

by  Francis Adams, Satya Dev Gupta, Kidane Mengisteab (eds.)

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Globalization and the
Dilemmas of the State
in the South
Edited by
Francis Adams
Department of Political Science and Geography
Old Dominion University
USA
Satya Dev Gupta
Depa rtm en t of Econ om ics
St Thomas University
Canada
and
Kidane Mengisteab
Department of Political Science and Geography
Old Dominion University
USA
tt
First published in Great Britain 1999 by
MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills. Basingstoke. Hampshire RG21 6XS and London
Companies and representatives throughout the world
A catalogue record for this book is availahle from the British Lihrary.
ISBN 978-1-349-40622-7 ISBN 978-0-230-37260-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230372603
First puhlished in the United States of America 1999 by
ST. MARTIN'S PRESS, INC.,
Scholarly and Reference Division.
175 Fifth Avenue. New York. N.Y. 10010
ISBN 978-0-312-22263-5
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Puhlication Data
Glohalization and the dilemmas of the state in the south I edited by
Francis Adams. Satya Dev Gupta. and Kidane Mengisteah.
p. cm. - (International political economy series)
Includes hibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-312-22263-5 (cloth)
I. International economic integration. 2. Developing countries
Economic policy. 3. Free Trade-Developing countries. 4. Structural
adjustment (Economic policy)-Developing countries. I. Adams.
Francis. II. Gupta. Satya Dev. III. Kidane Mengisteah. IV. Series.
Hf'l41 K.5.G5K 177 1999
337-dc21 9R-5372I
CIP
Selection. editorial matter and Chapter I © Francis Adams. Satya Dev Gupta and
Kidane Mengisteah 1999
Chapter 6 © Francis Adams 1999
Chapter 8 © Kidane Mcngisteah 1999
Chapters 2-5.7.9-1.:1 C<.l Macmillan Press Ltd 1999
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1999978-0-333-72949-6
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10 9 8 7 6 5 4 -' 2 I
08 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 99
Contents
List of Tables and Figures vii
Acknowledgements ix
List of Abbreviations xi
Notes on the Contributors xiv
1 Globalization and the Developing World:
An Introduction 1
Francis Adams, Satya Dev Gupta and Kidane Mengisteab
Part I Thematic Issues
2 For a Progressive and Democratic New World Order 17
Samir Amin
3 Conceptualizing Resistance to Globalization 33
Christine B. N. Chin and James H. Mittelman
4 The Essence and Appearance of Globalization:
The Rise of Finance Capital 50
John Weeks
Part II Case-Studies
5 Popular Resistance to Neoliberalism in Latin America 77
Richard Harris
6 Economic Reform and Political Turmoil in Mexico 99
Francis Adams
1 Reforming Cuban Socialism: State-Society Dynamics 116
Susan Eckstein
8 Globalization and South Africa's Transition through
a Consociational Arrangement 133
Kidane Mengisteab
9 Avoiding Globalization: The State and Depoliticization
in Nigeria 152
Julius O. Ihonvbere
v
VI Contents
10 Ideology, Politics and Public Policy in Ghana:
1982-96 168
W. Ofuatey-Kodjoe
11 Liberalization and Retrenchment in the Middle East
and North Africa 188
Manochehr Dorraj
12 Global Accumulation and Structural Adjustments in Iran 214
Behzad Yaghmaian
13 Liberalization, Globalization and Inequality in
South Asia 234
Mustapha Kamal Pasha
14 State-Socialist Transition and Labour Relations in China 251
Xiaobo Lu
Select Bibliography 274
Index 279
List of Tables and Figures
Tables
3.1 Comparison of targets and modes of resistance 45
4.1 Exports as a proportion of GDP and long-term trend,
by period, compared to 1970-74 53
4.2 Rate of growth of exports, compared to 1970-74 54
4.3 Foreign direct investment as a proportion of GDP and
long-term trend, by period, compared to 1970-74 55
4.4 Growth rates by period, compared to 1960-64 56
4.5 Gross investment as a proportion of GDP and
long-term trend, by period, compared to 1960-64 57
8.1 Areas of conflict between globalization and
consociationalism 145
14.1 Employees on labour contracts 258
14.2 Labour dispute cases brought to labour arbitration
commissions (1992-97) 259
14.3 Unions at the firm level (1993) 262
14.4 Sources of foreign investment in China (1995) 263
14.5 Structure of foreign investment in China (1995) 264
Figures
4.1 OLS annual variations of the investment to GDP
ratio, across country groups, 1961-95 58
4.2 OLS annual variations in growth, actual and constant
investment, 1961-95 59
4.3 Hypothetical growth paths under 'efficient' and
inefficient' resource allocation 60
vn
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Acknowledgements
This project benefitted from the advice and assistance of numerous
individuals to whom we would like to express our gratitude. We are
especially indebted to Tim Shaw, the general editor of this inter
national political economy series. Tim provided invaluable support
and insight throughout each stage of this project. His mastery of the
theory and practice of development, and careful attention to detail,
greatly contributed to the overall success of the volume. Aruna Vasu-
devan, commissioning editor at Macmillan, was also instrumental in
guiding this project to a successful conclusion. Her generous assistance
and unwavering patience were greatly appreciated.
We would also like to thank Karen Gould, Dean of Arts and Letters
at Old Dominion University, who provided administrative support for
this project. A research grant from her office helped finance the final
preparation of this volume. Elaine Dawson, also with the College of
Arts and Letters, provided copyediting and wordprocessing assistance.
Her hard work was critical to the timely and successful completion of
this volume. Keith Povey also contributed to the final preparation of
this anthology. His close reading of the text and superb copyediting
were immensely helpful. Additional assistance was provided by Lynn
Allen, Supad Ghosh, Susan Kent and Susan Morris.
The chapter by Christine Chin and James Mittelman was originally
published in New Political Economy (vol. 2, no. 1 (1997), pp. 25-37).
Because the authors treat many of the central themes of this volume,
we felt inclusion of this article would enhance the overall coherence
and unity of the project. We appreciate receiving permission to reprint
this article from Carfax Publishing Ltd (P.O. Box 25, Abingdon,
Oxfordshire OX 14 3UE, United Kingdom), which publishes New
Political Economy.
Of course, this book would not have been possible without our
superb group of contributors. Edited volumes can be a difficult under
taking without the full support and commitment of all those involved.
Fortunately, our contributors were conscientious in the preparation of
their chapters, flexible in adjusting their work to meet our needs, and
exceptionally prompt in meeting our multiple requests. The fact that
the project went from the idea stage to final production in little over a
year is a testament to their remarkable responsiveness and coopera
tion.
IX